1、闪淳昌简介闪淳昌简介 闪淳昌，国务院参事，国家减灾委员会专家委副主任，原国闪淳昌，国务院参事，国家减灾委员会专家委副主任，原国闪淳昌，国务院参事，国家减灾委员会专家委副主任，原国闪淳昌，国务院参事，国家减灾委员会专家委副主任，原国家安全生产监督管理局副局长，教授级高工。是安全生产法家安全生产监督管理局副局长，教授级高工。是安全生产法家安全生产监督管理局副局长，教授级高工。是安全生产法家安全生产监督管理局副局长，教授级高工。是安全生产法及多项安全法规标准主要起草人，主持过多起特大事故的调查处及多项安全法规标准主要起草人，主持过多起特大事故的调查处及多项安全法规标准主要起草人，主持过多起特大事故的2、调查处及多项安全法规标准主要起草人，主持过多起特大事故的调查处理工作，如理工作，如理工作，如理工作，如“5.7”“5.7”“5.7”“5.7”空难、空难、空难、空难、“11.24”“11.24”“11.24”“11.24”海难、哈尔滨海难、哈尔滨海难、哈尔滨海难、哈尔滨“2.2”“2.2”“2.2”“2.2”特大特大特大特大火灾等。在安全生产领域具有丰富的理论知识和实践经验，在国火灾等。在安全生产领域具有丰富的理论知识和实践经验，在国火灾等。在安全生产领域具有丰富的理论知识和实践经验，在国火灾等。在安全生产领域具有丰富的理论知识和实践经验，在国内外具有很强的影响力。内外具有很强的影响力。内外具3、有很强的影响力。内外具有很强的影响力。2003 2003 2003 2003年以来，担任国务院办公厅应急预案工作小组副组长，年以来，担任国务院办公厅应急预案工作小组副组长，年以来，担任国务院办公厅应急预案工作小组副组长，年以来，担任国务院办公厅应急预案工作小组副组长，负责国家突发公共事件总体应急预案和负责国家突发公共事件总体应急预案和负责国家突发公共事件总体应急预案和负责国家突发公共事件总体应急预案和25252525件专项预案、件专项预案、件专项预案、件专项预案、80808080件部件部件部件部门预案的编制和审核工作。组织完成的国家突发公共事件总体门预案的编制和审核工作。组织完成的国家突发公共4、事件总体门预案的编制和审核工作。组织完成的国家突发公共事件总体门预案的编制和审核工作。组织完成的国家突发公共事件总体应急预案和应急预案和应急预案和应急预案和105105105105个专项及部门预案以及各省（区、市）的应急个专项及部门预案以及各省（区、市）的应急个专项及部门预案以及各省（区、市）的应急个专项及部门预案以及各省（区、市）的应急预案，标志着中国应急预案框架体系已初步形成，有力推动了全预案，标志着中国应急预案框架体系已初步形成，有力推动了全预案，标志着中国应急预案框架体系已初步形成，有力推动了全预案，标志着中国应急预案框架体系已初步形成，有力推动了全国应急预案体系和应急体制、机制、法制5、的建设。国应急预案体系和应急体制、机制、法制的建设。国应急预案体系和应急体制、机制、法制的建设。国应急预案体系和应急体制、机制、法制的建设。Introduction to Shan Chunchang Mr.Shan Chunchang,a professor,a senior engineer,a consultant Mr.Shan Chunchang,a professor,a senior engineer,a consultant from the State Council,vice director of Specialist Committee of the from the 6、State Council,vice director of Specialist Committee of the National Disaster Mitigation Commission,and the former director of National Disaster Mitigation Commission,and the former director of the National Production Safety and Supervision.He took the lead in the National Production Safety and Super7、vision.He took the lead in the development of Safe Production Law and many other codes and the development of Safe Production Law and many other codes and standards relating to safe production and directed investigation and standards relating to safe production and directed investigation and disposi8、tion of many catastrophic incidents such as the air crash on disposition of many catastrophic incidents such as the air crash on May 7,the sea disaster on November 24 and the catastrophic fire on May 7,the sea disaster on November 24 and the catastrophic fire on February 2.Mr.Shan is a specialist wi9、th rich knowledge and February 2.Mr.Shan is a specialist with rich knowledge and experiences and exerts great influence in safe production both home experiences and exerts great influence in safe production both home and abroad.Since 2003,he has been in charge of the Emergency and abroad.Since 2003,10、he has been in charge of the Emergency Rescue Plan Group under the Office of the State Council to develop Rescue Plan Group under the Office of the State Council to develop and exanimate the overall emergency incidents plan,25 special plans and exanimate the overall emergency incidents plan,25 speci11、al plans and 80 divisional plans.Under his direction,the Overall National and 80 divisional plans.Under his direction,the Overall National Emergency Incident Plan and 105 special,divisional and provincial Emergency Incident Plan and 105 special,divisional and provincial plans were completed,which is12、 a milestone in the construction of the plans were completed,which is a milestone in the construction of the system and framework of national emergency rescue plans and legal system and framework of national emergency rescue plans and legal development.development.中国的公共安全与应急管理对策中国的公共安全与应急管理对策国务院应急管理13、专家组组长国务院应急管理专家组组长国务院应急管理专家组组长国务院应急管理专家组组长 Leader ofLeader ofLeader ofLeader of Emergency Rescue Plan Emergency Rescue Plan Emergency Rescue Plan Emergency Rescue Plan Group under the Office of the State CouncilGroup under the Office of the State CouncilGroup under the Office of the State CouncilGrou14、p under the Office of the State Council国家减灾委专家委员会副主任国家减灾委专家委员会副主任国家减灾委专家委员会副主任国家减灾委专家委员会副主任 Vice Director of Specialist Vice Director of Specialist Vice Director of Specialist Vice Director of Specialist Committee of the National Disaster Mitigation CommissionCommittee of the National Disaster Mitig15、ation CommissionCommittee of the National Disaster Mitigation CommissionCommittee of the National Disaster Mitigation Commission国务院参事国务院参事国务院参事国务院参事 Consultant from the State CouncilConsultant from the State CouncilConsultant from the State CouncilConsultant from the State Council闪淳昌教授闪淳昌教授闪淳昌教授闪淳昌教16、授 Professor Chunchang ShanProfessor Chunchang ShanProfessor Chunchang ShanProfessor Chunchang Shan5th June 2007 20075th June 2007 2007年年年年6 6月月月月5 5日日日日8/30/20228/30/20223 3一、中国的公共安全一、中国的公共安全Public Security in ChinaPublic Security in China二、构建和谐社会中的中国二、构建和谐社会中的中国应急管理应急管理Building emergency response s17、ystem Building emergency response system in Chinain China三、迎接新挑战开创新局面三、迎接新挑战开创新局面Meet new challenge and create new Meet new challenge and create new phasephase一、中国的公共安全一、中国的公共安全Public Security in ChinaPublic Security in China（一）（一）经济发展社会稳定经济发展社会稳定Economic development and stable society（二）公共安全形势依然严峻（18、二）公共安全形势依然严峻Situation of public security is still grim（三）切实加强应急管理工作（三）切实加强应急管理工作Strengthen emergency management（一）经济发展社会稳定（一）经济发展社会稳定 Economic development and stable societyp成功战胜非典疫情成功战胜非典疫情Successful fight against atypical pneumoniaSuccessful fight against atypical pneumoniap战胜了各种重大自然灾害战胜了各种重大自然灾害O19、vercome various kinds of major natural disasters p生产安全事故造成的死亡人数总体呈下降生产安全事故造成的死亡人数总体呈下降趋势趋势Downward trend of overall death toll caused by production accidentsp国内生产总值年均增长国内生产总值年均增长9.5%Average GDP increase rate:9.5%p五年城镇新增就业五年城镇新增就业4200万人万人 42 millions newly urban employmentp五年转移农村劳动力五年转移农村劳动力4000万万人人 20、40 millions transfer of rural labor forcep城镇登记失业率城镇登记失业率4.2%Registered urban unemployment rate:4.2%p价格总水平基本稳定年均增长价格总水平基本稳定年均增长1.4%Stable price level,increase rate per year:1.4%p城镇居民人均可支配收入年均增长城镇居民人均可支配收入年均增长9.6%Per capita annual disposable income growth rate in urban area:9.6%p农村居民人均纯收入年均增长农村居民人均纯收入21、年均增长5.3%Per capita annual disposable income growth rate in urban area:9.6%“十五十五”计划主要指标完成情况计划主要指标完成情况Main achievement of“10th Five Year Plan(2001-2005)”The trend of death toll and direct economic lossfrom 1949 to 2006Death TollDirect Economy Loss(100 million)The total death toll caused by production 22、accidents一次死亡一次死亡1010人以上重特大事故人以上重特大事故 Severe accident Severe accident(2000-2006)(2000-2006)（二）公共安全形势依然严峻（二）公共安全形势依然严峻 Grim Situation of public security 我们这个民族在历史上灾难太深重了，这就培育了我们我们这个民族在历史上灾难太深重了，这就培育了我们的忧患意识，生存意志和追求和平发展的愿望。的忧患意识，生存意志和追求和平发展的愿望。China has suffered a lot in history,and this has cultivate23、d our will to China has suffered a lot in history,and this has cultivated our will to face the hardship,to survive and to chase peaceful development.face the hardship,to survive and to chase peaceful development.我们这个国家太大，问题太多、太复杂，这就要求我们这个我们这个国家太大，问题太多、太复杂，这就要求我们这个民族不畏艰险、百折不挠、坚定信心、永远奋斗。民族不畏艰险、百折不挠、坚定24、信心、永远奋斗。As a big country,China has too much complicated problems,and As a big country,China has too much complicated problems,and this has set requirements for us to be fearless,indomitable,this has set requirements for us to be fearless,indomitable,confident and striving.confident and striving.温家宝总25、理温家宝总理 from Premier Wen Jiabaofrom Premier Wen Jiabao 突发公共事件分类Classification of Outbreak Public AccidentsClassification of Outbreak Public Accidents l自 然 灾 害 Natural Natural disasterdisaster l事 故 灾 难 Accidental calamityAccidental calamity l公共卫生事件 Public hygiene accident Public hygiene accident l社会安全26、事件 Social security accidentSocial security accident 但是，上述各类突发公共事件往往是相互交叉和关联的，某类突发公共事件可能和其他类别的事件同时发生，或引发次生、衍生事件，应当具体分析，统筹应对。However,these accidents mentioned above However,these accidents mentioned above always happen always happen intercrossinglyintercrossingly,and one type,and one type always happe27、n with another simultaneously,always happen with another simultaneously,causing the secondary and derivative accidents.causing the secondary and derivative accidents.We should analyze accordingly and take We should analyze accordingly and take response response unitivelyunitively.（一）我国的公共安全形势严峻（一）我国28、的公共安全形势严峻 Severe situation of public safety in Severe situation of public safety in ChinaChina 第一，重大自然灾害频发、分布广、损失大。由于特有的地质构造条件和自然地理环境，我国是世界上遭受自然灾害最严重的国家之一。Firstly,frequent and widely distributed severe natural Firstly,frequent and widely distributed severe natural calamities have led to grave loss t29、o China.China is one of calamities have led to grave loss to China.China is one of the countries who have been severely suffering from natural the countries who have been severely suffering from natural calamities.calamities.2020世纪中国大陆地震灾害统计世纪中国大陆地震灾害统计Stat.ofEarthquakesinMainlandChinainthe20thCentu30、ryStat.ofEarthquakesinMainlandChinainthe20thCentury6.0-6.96.0-6.96.0-6.96.0-6.9级地震级地震级地震级地震(Earthquake magnitude 6.0-6.9):(Earthquake magnitude 6.0-6.9):380 380 380 380次次次次7.0-7.97.0-7.97.0-7.97.0-7.9级地震级地震级地震级地震(Earthquake magnitude(Earthquake magnitude 7.0-7.9):7.0-7.9):65 65 65 65次次次次8.08.08.08.031、级以上地震级以上地震级以上地震级以上地震(Earthquake magnitude(Earthquake magnitude 8.0-8.5):8.0-8.5):7 7 7 7次次次次8.58.58.58.5级以上地震级以上地震级以上地震级以上地震(Earthquake magnitude(Earthquake magnitude 8.5)8.5)：2 2 2 2次次次次6 6 6 6级以上地震袭击的省份级以上地震袭击的省份级以上地震袭击的省份级以上地震袭击的省份 (Provinces)(Provinces)：28 28 28 28个个个个死亡人数死亡人数死亡人数死亡人数 (Death tol32、l)(Death toll)：590000 590000 590000 590000人人人人伤残人数伤残人数伤残人数伤残人数 (casualty)casualty)：760000 760000 760000 760000人人人人倒坍房屋倒坍房屋倒坍房屋倒坍房屋 (Collapse houses)(Collapse houses)：600 600 600 600余万间余万间余万间余万间受灾人数受灾人数受灾人数受灾人数(People)(People)：数亿人次数亿人次数亿人次数亿人次(100 millions)(100 millions)直接经济损失直接经济损失直接经济损失直接经济损失 (Dire33、ct loss)(Direct loss)：数百亿元数百亿元数百亿元数百亿元(10 Billions)(10 Billions)间接经济损失间接经济损失间接经济损失间接经济损失 (Indirect loss)(Indirect loss)：数千亿元数千亿元数千亿元数千亿元(100(100 Billions)Billions)环太平洋地震带、亚欧地震带环太平洋地震带、亚欧地震带环太平洋地震带、亚欧地震带环太平洋地震带、亚欧地震带与强震分布与强震分布与强震分布与强震分布Distribution of seismic belt and large earthquake22个省会城市和个省会城市和2/34、3的百万以上人口的大的百万以上人口的大城市位于地震高危险区。城市位于地震高危险区。1900-20031900-2003年中国地震震中分布图年中国地震震中分布图20世纪中国大陆：世纪中国大陆：8级以上地震级以上地震7次，次，77.9级地震级地震65次，次，6-6.9级地震级地震382次次Distribution of Epicenter in China from 1900 to 2003 中国是全球地震灾害最为严重的国家之一中国是全球地震灾害最为严重的国家之一One of the countries most affected by earthquakeOne of the countries35、 most affected by earthquake2020世纪世纪世纪世纪世界人世界人世界人世界人口口口口世界大陆世界大陆世界大陆世界大陆地震次数地震次数地震次数地震次数世界地震世界地震世界地震世界地震死亡人数死亡人数死亡人数死亡人数中国约占中国约占中国约占中国约占四分之一四分之一四分之一四分之一中国约占中国约占中国约占中国约占三分之一三分之一三分之一三分之一中国约占中国约占中国约占中国约占二分之一二分之一二分之一二分之一PopulationEarthquakeDeathToll19761976年年7 7月月2828日河北唐山日河北唐山7.87.8级地震级地震Earthquakes ra36、vage in Tangshan,Hebei Province,28 July,1976死亡死亡2424万人伤几十万人万人伤几十万人100100亿元经济损失（当年）亿元经济损失（当年）309309人死亡人死亡经济损失经济损失2525亿元亿元19961996年年2 2月月云南丽江云南丽江7.07.0级地震级地震Eathquake ravage in Lijiang，Yunnan Province,28 July,1976自然灾害频发、分布广、损失大自然灾害频发、分布广、损失大 Natural disasters happened frequently,widely Natural disaste37、rs happened frequently,widely and has led to severe loss.and has led to severe loss.台风或热带风暴平均每年登陆我国东南沿海台风或热带风暴平均每年登陆我国东南沿海1010次，给广东、福建、浙江等省造成严重损失。次，给广东、福建、浙江等省造成严重损失。Typhoon or tropic storm hits the offshore Typhoon or tropic storm hits the offshore area in southeast China 10 times each area in sout38、heast China 10 times each year,bringing severe loss to Guangdong year,bringing severe loss to Guangdong Province,Fujian Province and Zhejiang Province,Fujian Province and Zhejiang Province,etc.Province,etc.台风平均每年登陆我国台风平均每年登陆我国1010次次Mean annual typhoon landing:10 timesMean annual typhoon landing:10 t39、imesMean annual typhoon landing:10 timesMean annual typhoon landing:10 times 据统计，据统计，20062006年台年台风风“泰利泰利”在浙江、安在浙江、安徽、福建、徽、福建、江西、河南、江西、河南、湖北六省造湖北六省造成成124124人遇人遇难，受灾人难，受灾人口达口达19301930万，直接经万，直接经济损失达济损失达154.2154.2亿元亿元。自然灾害频发、分布广、损失大自然灾害频发、分布广、损失大 Natural disasters happened frequently,widely and has led 40、to severe loss.全国有全国有2/32/3的国土面积不同程度地受到洪水威胁，特别是长江、的国土面积不同程度地受到洪水威胁，特别是长江、黄河等七大江河中下游地区，集中了全国二分之一的人口，黄河等七大江河中下游地区，集中了全国二分之一的人口，三分之一的耕地，四分之三的工农业产值，而两岸许多地区三分之一的耕地，四分之三的工农业产值，而两岸许多地区的地面都处在洪水水位以下，洪涝灾害威胁严重。的地面都处在洪水水位以下，洪涝灾害威胁严重。2/3 areas of China are threatened by flooding in 2/3 areas of China are threate41、ned by flooding in various degrees,especially in the middle and lower various degrees,especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Yellow River where has reaches of the Yangtze River and Yellow River where has gathered 1/2 of the population,1/3 of the plantation,gathered 1/2 o42、f the population,1/3 of the plantation,3/4 of the national industrial and agricultural outputs of 3/4 of the national industrial and agricultural outputs of the whole nation.However,most areas are under the the whole nation.However,most areas are under the water line and have been seriously threaten43、ed by water line and have been seriously threatened by flooding.flooding.19981998年特大水灾中，年特大水灾中，2929个省（市、区）个省（市、区）2.32.3亿人（次）受到亿人（次）受到灾害影响，死亡灾害影响，死亡36563656人，转移人，转移20442044万万人；直接经济损失人；直接经济损失26422642亿元亿元19981998年湖北荆州行洪区受灾情况年湖北荆州行洪区受灾情况Flood in Jinzhou,Hubei ProvinceFlood in Jinzhou,Hubei Province 每年平均44、雹灾面积每年平均雹灾面积173173万公顷，重万公顷，重灾年达灾年达400400万公顷，因冰雹所造成的万公顷，因冰雹所造成的经济损失约为数亿元至十余亿元经济损失约为数亿元至十余亿元Hail:annual affected area:1.73 Hail:annual affected area:1.73 million hectares,annual loss:million hectares,annual loss:hundreds of millions Yuan(RMB)hundreds of millions Yuan(RMB)龙卷风平均每年龙卷风平均每年100100个左右个左右Typh45、oon:100 times per yearTyphoon:100 times per year 每年因雷击造成人员伤亡约每年因雷击造成人员伤亡约3000300040004000人，财产损失人，财产损失5050100100亿元左亿元左右（重庆开县右（重庆开县5 5月月2424日日7 7名小学生因雷名小学生因雷击死亡）击死亡）Thunder:annual casualty:3-4 thousandThunder:annual casualty:3-4 thousandLoss:5-10 billion Yuan(RMB)Loss:5-10 billion Yuan(RMB)冰雹、龙卷风、雷击等局46、地强对流天气冰雹、龙卷风、雷击等局地强对流天气Hail,Tornado,Thunder我国是受沙尘暴天气影响较为严我国是受沙尘暴天气影响较为严重的国家之一，沙尘暴不仅掩埋农重的国家之一，沙尘暴不仅掩埋农田、草场，还严重污染环境、影响田、草场，还严重污染环境、影响人体健康、阻断交通等。人体健康、阻断交通等。China is strongly affected by blown dust,which make farmland,pasture buried,pollutes environment,endanger human health,block traffic and so on.200647、2006年，我国出现年，我国出现1919次沙尘天气次沙尘天气过程，其中强沙尘暴过程过程，其中强沙尘暴过程5 5次，是自次，是自20002000年以来最多的年份年以来最多的年份。In 2006,China experienced 19 times of the dust weather,including 5 strong blown dust process.Its the year most frequent since 2000.沙尘暴沙尘暴Blown Dust崩崩塌塌-滑滑坡坡-泥泥石石流流等等地地质质灾灾害害平平均均每每年年造造成成千千人人死死亡亡，经经济济损损失失数数十十亿亿元元。随48、随着着人人类类活活动动的的加加剧剧和和气气候候变变化化等等因因素素的的影影响响，我我国国地地质质灾灾害害的的发发生生频频率率和和密密度度将将呈呈增增长长趋趋势势（上上海海4 4号线事故；以煤矿开采为主的城市的地面塌陷等）。号线事故；以煤矿开采为主的城市的地面塌陷等）。Geological Geological calamities calamities as as landslip,landslip,coasting coasting and and mud-rock mud-rock flow flow have have caused caused thousands thousands 49、of of fatalities fatalities each each year year with with economic economic loss loss of of several several billion billion RMB.RMB.With With the the influence influence from from intensive intensive human human activities activities and and climate climate changes,changes,there there would would be50、 be an an increase increase for for geological geological calamity calamity occurrence occurrence and and density density(such(such as as accident accident of of Railway Railway No.No.4 4 in in Shanghai Shanghai and and surface surface falling falling in in cities cities based based by by coal minin51、g.)coal mining.)自然灾害频发、分布广、损失大自然灾害频发、分布广、损失大 Naturaldisastershappenedfrequently,widelyandhasledtosevereloss.崩崩塌塌-滑滑坡坡-泥泥石石流流等等地地质质灾灾害害平平均均每每年年上上百百起起,造造成成千千人以上死亡，经济损失数十亿元。人以上死亡，经济损失数十亿元。Collapse-landslide-debris flow自然灾害频发、分布广、损失大自然灾害频发、分布广、损失大 Natural disasters happened frequently,widely and has led52、 to severe loss.我我国国人人口口多多、分分布布广广、防防火火战战线线长长，加加之之许许多多地地区区农农林林交交错，生活用火难以避免，森林火灾次数还在增加。错，生活用火难以避免，森林火灾次数还在增加。With With a a large large and and wide-spread wide-spread population,population,China China has has a a long long fire fire prevention prevention front.front.Besides,Besides,with with the the m53、ixing mixing of of plantations plantations and and forestry forestry in in many many areas,areas,it it is is quite quite difficult difficult to to avoid avoid living living fire fire usage,usage,which which has has led led to to the the increase of forest fire accident.increase of forest fire accide54、nt.我国自然灾害的基本特征我国自然灾害的基本特征Main Features of Natural Disasters in Main Features of Natural Disasters in Main Features of Natural Disasters in Main Features of Natural Disasters in ChinaChinaChinaChinan灾害种类多灾害种类多 Diversity typesn频度高频度高 High frequencyn区域性、季节性强区域性、季节性强 Regional,seasonaln灾害损失严重灾害损失严重 Heavy55、 loss我国最为经常发生的灾害有洪涝、干旱、地震、台风、地质灾害和森林火灾等，其所造成的损失占到损失总量的80%90%。年均死亡年均死亡25002500人，伤病人，伤病100100万人万人Annual death toll:2500;Annual casualty:1 million每年有每年有1.51.5亿亿-3.5-3.5亿人口受灾亿人口受灾Annual affected population:150 million 350 million年均损失年均损失20002000亿元亿元Annual loss:200 billion RMB年均倒塌房屋年均倒塌房屋100100多万间多万间Annu56、al collapse houses:more than 1 million近年来我国自然灾害近年来我国自然灾害：Recent natural disaster ravage2.我国的事故灾难严重我国的事故灾难严重SevereSevere a accidental calamityccidental calamity 安全生产形势严峻。煤矿、交通等重特大事故频安全生产形势严峻。煤矿、交通等重特大事故频繁发生，给人民群众生命财产造成严重损失。繁发生，给人民群众生命财产造成严重损失。环境污染确实已经成为当前中国发展中的一个环境污染确实已经成为当前中国发展中的一个重大问题重大问题The situat57、ion of production safety is grim in China.Very serious accidents caused by coal mine,traffic have occur frequently.It cause heavy loss to civil property and lives.Environmental pollution definitely has been an important issue during the development of China 温家宝总理温家宝总理 from Premier Wen Jiabao 我国的公共安全58、形势严峻我国的公共安全形势严峻Severe Situation of Public Safety in China 重大、特大事故时有发生。近几年，全国每年发重大、特大事故时有发生。近几年，全国每年发生的各类事故造成死亡生的各类事故造成死亡1212万人左右，万人左右，7070多万人受伤。多万人受伤。直接和间接经济损失直接和间接经济损失25002500亿元。亿元。Serious and very serious accidents happen from Serious and very serious accidents happen from time to time.time to tim59、e.（In recent years,accidents of various In recent years,accidents of various levels have caused 120,000 fatalities each year,with over levels have caused 120,000 fatalities each year,with over 700,000 injured and direct and indirect economic loss of 700,000 injured and direct and indirect economic l60、oss of 250 billion yuan.250 billion yuan.）我国的公共安全形势严峻我国的公共安全形势严峻Severe Situation of Public Safety in China一次死亡一次死亡1010人以上的特大事故平均每周人以上的特大事故平均每周2.52.5起；起；Very serious accident of over 10 fatalities happen 2.5 times every week.Very serious accident of over 10 fatalities happen 2.5 times every week.一次死亡61、一次死亡3030人以上的特别重大事故平均每月人以上的特别重大事故平均每月1 1起。起。Extremely serious accident of over 30 fatalities happen 1 time every Extremely serious accident of over 30 fatalities happen 1 time every month averagely.month averagely.一次死亡一次死亡100100人以上的特别重大事故平均人以上的特别重大事故平均1 1年年1 1起以上（起以上（20052005年年4 4起）起）。Extremely serio62、us accident of over 100 fatalities happen more than 1 Extremely serious accident of over 100 fatalities happen more than 1 time each year averagely(since April,2005)time each year averagely(since April,2005)国内环境安全形势严峻 Severe domestic environmental situation for public Severe domestic environmental s63、ituation for public safetysafety 多起重大环境事件进一步说明，由于布局性的环境隐患和结构性的环境风险，我国在今后一段时期内，突发性环境事件的高发态势将继续存在。The frequently happened serious environment The frequently happened serious environment accidents show that due to environmental risks led by accidents show that due to environmental risks led by layout a64、nd structure,China would continuously face layout and structure,China would continuously face outbreak environmental accidents in the following outbreak environmental accidents in the following decades.decades.吉化双苯厂吉化双苯厂“11.13”“11.13”爆炸事故爆炸事故Big-benzene plant explosion on Nov.Big-benzene plant explo65、sion on Nov.1313 事故起因：事故起因：20052005年年1111月月1313日中石油吉日中石油吉林石化公司双苯厂苯胺装林石化公司双苯厂苯胺装置置T-102T-102塔发生堵塞，循环塔发生堵塞，循环不畅，因处理不当，发生不畅，因处理不当，发生爆炸。爆炸。事故后果事故后果约约100100吨苯类污染物流入松吨苯类污染物流入松花江水体花江水体 。受污染的松花江水流过的受污染的松花江水流过的江面总长度超过了江面总长度超过了10001000公公里。里。大范围停水，影响正常生大范围停水，影响正常生产生活。产生活。我国的公共安全形势严峻我国的公共安全形势严峻 Severe Situation66、 of Public Safety in ChinaSevere Situation of Public Safety in China第三，突发公共卫生事件仍然威胁着人民群众的生命和健康。多种传染病尚未得到有效的遏制。爱滋病病毒感染者84万；活动性肺结核患者450万，每年死亡13万；慢性病毒性乙性肝炎患者2000万；434个县存在血吸虫疫情，6500万人受到威胁，患者84万。Thirdly,outbreak public hygiene accidents still seriously Thirdly,outbreak public hygiene accidents still seri67、ously threaten peoples life and health.Several contagions threaten peoples life and health.Several contagions havent got efficient control,with 840,000 infected by havent got efficient control,with 840,000 infected by AIDS,4,500,000 infected by active pulmonary tuberculosis,AIDS,4,500,000 infected b68、y active pulmonary tuberculosis,and 20,000,000 infected by chronic type B viral hypothesis.and 20,000,000 infected by chronic type B viral hypothesis.Schistosome still exists in 434 counties with 65,000,000 Schistosome still exists in 434 counties with 65,000,000 people threatened and 840,000 infect69、ed.people threatened and 840,000 infected.我国的公共安全形势严峻我国的公共安全形势严峻 Severe Situation of Public Safety in ChinaSevere Situation of Public Safety in China第四，影响国家安全和社会稳定的因素依然存在。在一些地方，群死群伤的爆炸、投毒等恶性案件时有发生，杀人、绑架等暴力犯罪不断。由人民内部矛盾引发的群体性事件也明显增多。国内外极端势力制造的国内外极端势力制造的各种恐怖事件危及国家安宁各种恐怖事件危及国家安宁 。Fourthly,there are stil70、l factors posing bad impacts upon Fourthly,there are still factors posing bad impacts upon national security and social stability.In some places,vice national security and social stability.In some places,vice cases such as serious explosions with severe fatalities and cases such as serious explosion71、s with severe fatalities and casualties and poisoning etc.occur at times;murders and casualties and poisoning etc.occur at times;murders and abduction happen from time to time,with an obvious rising abduction happen from time to time,with an obvious rising occurrence of public incidents caused by th72、e internal occurrence of public incidents caused by the internal conflicts within the public.Various terrorist incidents conflicts within the public.Various terrorist incidents committed by domestic and international extreme forces committed by domestic and international extreme forces have posed gr73、eat threats to the national security.have posed great threats to the national security.综上所述，自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生和综上所述，自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生和综上所述，自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生和综上所述，自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生和社会安全等突发事件每年造成非正常死亡超过社会安全等突发事件每年造成非正常死亡超过社会安全等突发事件每年造成非正常死亡超过社会安全等突发事件每年造成非正常死亡超过20202020万万万万人，伤残超过人，伤残超过人，伤残超过人，伤残超过200200200200万人，经济74、损失超过万人，经济损失超过万人，经济损失超过万人，经济损失超过6000600060006000亿人民币。亿人民币。亿人民币。亿人民币。公共安全形势严峻。公共安全形势严峻。公共安全形势严峻。公共安全形势严峻。Generally speaking,outbreak accidents as natural Generally speaking,outbreak accidents as natural Generally speaking,outbreak accidents as natural Generally speaking,outbreak accidents as natural d75、isasters,accidental calamity,public hygiene and social disasters,accidental calamity,public hygiene and social disasters,accidental calamity,public hygiene and social disasters,accidental calamity,public hygiene and social security have caused abnormal fatalities of over 200,000 security have caused76、 abnormal fatalities of over 200,000 security have caused abnormal fatalities of over 200,000 security have caused abnormal fatalities of over 200,000 each year,with more than 2,000,000 injuries and each year,with more than 2,000,000 injuries and each year,with more than 2,000,000 injuries and each 77、year,with more than 2,000,000 injuries and economic loss of 600 billion yuan(RMB),thus has led to economic loss of 600 billion yuan(RMB),thus has led to economic loss of 600 billion yuan(RMB),thus has led to economic loss of 600 billion yuan(RMB),thus has led to a very severe public safety situation78、 in China.a very severe public safety situation in China.a very severe public safety situation in China.a very severe public safety situation in China.（三）切实加强应急管理工作（三）切实加强应急管理工作Strengthen emergency managementStrengthen emergency managementp中国政府在深刻总结历史经验，科学分析公中国政府在深刻总结历史经验，科学分析公共安全形势的基础上，审时度势，做出了全面共安79、全形势的基础上，审时度势，做出了全面加强应急管理工作的重大决策。加强应急管理工作的重大决策。The Chinese government profoundly sums up the historical The Chinese government profoundly sums up the historical experience and scientifically analyzes the situation of public experience and scientifically analyzes the situation of public security,based80、 on the situation,makes a comprehensive security,based on the situation,makes a comprehensive major decision of strengthening the emergency management.major decision of strengthening the emergency management.居安思危居安思危 We should be prepared for danger in times of safety.We should be prepared for dange81、r in times of safety.思则有备思则有备 We would be well-prepared for danger if we thought We would be well-prepared for danger if we thought about it ahead.about it ahead.有备无患有备无患 If we are well-prepared,there would be no danger.If we are well-prepared,there would be no danger.2003200320032003年那场惊心动魄的抗击非典斗争和82、一系列灾难，给了我们年那场惊心动魄的抗击非典斗争和一系列灾难，给了我们年那场惊心动魄的抗击非典斗争和一系列灾难，给了我们年那场惊心动魄的抗击非典斗争和一系列灾难，给了我们两点深刻的启示：两点深刻的启示：两点深刻的启示：两点深刻的启示：We have drawn 2 apocalypse from the battle against SARS We have drawn 2 apocalypse from the battle against SARS We have drawn 2 apocalypse from the battle against SARS We have drawn 283、 apocalypse from the battle against SARS in 2003 and the following disasters that:in 2003 and the following disasters that:in 2003 and the following disasters that:in 2003 and the following disasters that:一是在全面建设小康社会的进程中，必须牢固确立一是在全面建设小康社会的进程中，必须牢固确立一是在全面建设小康社会的进程中，必须牢固确立一是在全面建设小康社会的进程中，必须牢固确立和认真落实全面84、协调、可持续的科学发展观，切实搞和认真落实全面、协调、可持续的科学发展观，切实搞和认真落实全面、协调、可持续的科学发展观，切实搞和认真落实全面、协调、可持续的科学发展观，切实搞好好好好“五个统筹五个统筹五个统筹五个统筹”，构建社会主义的和谐社会。，构建社会主义的和谐社会。，构建社会主义的和谐社会。，构建社会主义的和谐社会。Firstly,during our course to fully establish a well-off Firstly,during our course to fully establish a well-off Firstly,during our course85、 to fully establish a well-off Firstly,during our course to fully establish a well-off society,we should firmly establish and implement an overall,society,we should firmly establish and implement an overall,society,we should firmly establish and implement an overall,society,we should firmly establis86、h and implement an overall,coordinate and sustainable scientific development outlook,coordinate and sustainable scientific development outlook,coordinate and sustainable scientific development outlook,coordinate and sustainable scientific development outlook,and carry out“5 overall plans”so as to fo87、und a harmonious and carry out“5 overall plans”so as to found a harmonious and carry out“5 overall plans”so as to found a harmonious and carry out“5 overall plans”so as to found a harmonious socialism society.socialism society.socialism society.socialism society.二是一定要在全社会建立应急机制。不仅要加二是一定要在全社会建立应急机制。不88、仅要加快建立突发公共卫生事件应急机制，而且要建快建立突发公共卫生事件应急机制，而且要建立健全其他方面的突发公共事件应急机制。立健全其他方面的突发公共事件应急机制。Secondly,we should establish a emergency response mechanism in the whole society.This is to build up not only a outbreak public hygiene accident response system,but also a whole system including other aspects of outbrea89、k public accidents.胡胡锦锦涛涛总总书书记记指指出出：要要大大力力增增强强应应对对风风险险和和突突发发事事件件的的能能力力，经经常常性性地地做做好好应应对对风风险险和和突突发发事事件件的的思思想想准准备备、预预案案准准备备、机机制制准准备备和和工工作作准备，坚持防患于未然。准备，坚持防患于未然。Strengthen our ability to cope with risks and outbreak accidents,prepare ourselves for risks and outbreak accidents with our thoughts,plan,mech90、anism and work,and insist on prevention first when in peace time.by General Secretary Hu JintaoStrengthen our ability to Strengthen our ability to cope with risks and cope with risks and outbreak accidents,outbreak accidents,prepare ourselves for prepare ourselves for risks and outbreak risks and ou91、tbreak accidents with our accidents with our thoughts,plan,thoughts,plan,mechanism and work,mechanism and work,and insist on prevention and insist on prevention first when in peace time.first when in peace time.by General Secretary by General Secretary Hu Jin taoHu Jin tao 911911事件对应急体系引发的思考事件对应急体系引92、发的思考Thoughts towards the emergency response after Sep.11Thoughts towards the emergency response after Sep.11Thoughts towards the emergency response after Sep.11Thoughts towards the emergency response after Sep.11p“9.119.11”事件使各事件使各国政府都在重新思国政府都在重新思考如何应对恐怖势考如何应对恐怖势力和突发事件的问力和突发事件的问题。题。Governments of al93、l countries are rethinking how to respond to terrorist forces and emergency issues after Sep.11.20042004年年3 3月，温家宝总理明月，温家宝总理明确提出：确提出：“各级政府要全面履各级政府要全面履行政府职能，在继续搞好经济行政府职能，在继续搞好经济调节、加强市场监管的同时，调节、加强市场监管的同时，更加注重履行社会管理和公共更加注重履行社会管理和公共服务职能。特别要加快建立健服务职能。特别要加快建立健全各种突发事件应急机制，提全各种突发事件应急机制，提高政府应对公共危机的能力高政府应对公共危94、机的能力”。“Governments at all levels should comprehensively perform the functions of the government,continue to do a good job in economic regulation and market supervision,but also pay more attention to fulfill their social management and public service functions,particular in establishing and improving95、 various emergency response mechanism.And the government should increase the capacity of responding to public crisis”From Premier Wen Jiabao on Mar.2004“建立健全各种预警和应急机制，提高政府应对突发事件和风险的能力。完善安全生产监管体系。”“Build up a sound mechanism for all kinds of precaution and “Build up a sound mechanism for all kinds of96、 precaution and emergency responseemergency responsesystem.Improve the governments ability to system.Improve the governments ability to cope with outbreak accident and risks.Perfect the system for work cope with outbreak accident and risks.Perfect the system for work safety supervision.”safety super97、vision.”-摘自中共中央关于完善社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定 -Excerpt from“Decisions on some problems of perfecting the -Excerpt from“Decisions on some problems of perfecting the socialism marketing economy by the Central Party and Government”socialism marketing economy by the Central Party and Government”二、构建和谐社会中的中国应急管理二98、构建和谐社会中的中国应急管理Building emergency response system（一）工作原则（一）工作原则Principle（二）（二）全国应急预案体系基本形成全国应急预案体系基本形成Forms of National Emergency Response Plan System（三）加强应急体制建设（三）加强应急体制建设Strengthen building of emergency system（四）加强应急机制建设（四）加强应急机制建设Strengthen building of emergency mechanisms（五）加强应急法制建设（五）加强应急法制建设St99、rengthen building of emergency legal system（六）切实加强应急保障能力建设（六）切实加强应急保障能力建设Strengthen building of emergency support capacity（一）工作原则 Working principle 以人为本，减少危害；以人为本，减少危害；Take people oriented and reduce dangerTake people oriented and reduce danger；居安思危，预防为主；居安思危，预防为主；Be vigilant during peace time and t100、ake prevention firstBe vigilant during peace time and take prevention first；统一领导，分级负责；统一领导，分级负责；Unify leadership and be responsible according to different levelsUnify leadership and be responsible according to different levels；（一）工作原则 Working principle 依法规范，加强管理；依法规范，加强管理；Follow law instructions and101、 strengthen managementFollow law instructions and strengthen management；快速反应快速反应,协同应对；协同应对；Take quick response and coordinated reactionTake quick response and coordinated reaction；依靠科技，提高素质。依靠科技，提高素质。Depend on science and technology and improve quality.Depend on science and technology and improve qu102、ality.胡锦涛总书记强调，胡锦涛总书记强调，人的生命是最宝贵的。人的生命是最宝贵的。中国是社会主义国家，中国是社会主义国家，发展不能以牺牲精神文发展不能以牺牲精神文明为代价，不能以牺牲明为代价，不能以牺牲生态环境为代价，更不生态环境为代价，更不能以牺牲人的生命为代能以牺牲人的生命为代价。价。General Secretary Hu Jintao stressed that human life is the most valuable.China is a socialist country,development must not be at the expense of spiritu103、al civilization,not be at the expense of sacrificing the environment for it,furthermore at the cost of sacrificing human lives.（二）全国应急预案体系基本形成（二）全国应急预案体系基本形成 2005200520052005年年年年3 3 3 3月月月月，温温温温家家家家宝宝宝宝总总总总理理理理在在在在政政政政府府府府工工工工作作作作报报报报告告告告明明明明确确确确提提提提出出出出：“我我我我们们们们组组组组织织织织制制制制定定定定了了了了国国国国家家家家突突突突发发发发104、公公公公共共共共事事事事件件件件总总总总体体体体应应应应急急急急预预预预案案案案，以以以以及及及及应应应应对对对对自自自自然然然然灾灾灾灾害害害害、事事事事故故故故灾灾灾灾难难难难、公公公公共共共共卫卫卫卫生生生生和和和和社社社社会会会会安安安安全全全全等等等等方方方方面面面面105105105105个个个个专专专专项项项项和和和和部部部部门门门门应应应应急急急急预预预预案案案案，各各各各省省省省（区区区区、市市市市）也也也也完完完完成成成成了了了了省省省省级级级级总总总总体体体体应应应应急急急急预预预预案案案案的的的的编编编编制制制制工作。建设法制政府，全面履行政府职能，取得突破性进展。工作105、。建设法制政府，全面履行政府职能，取得突破性进展。工作。建设法制政府，全面履行政府职能，取得突破性进展。工作。建设法制政府，全面履行政府职能，取得突破性进展。”In In In In the the the the“Governments“Governments“Governments“Governments Work Work Work Work Report”Report”Report”Report”in in in in March March March March 2005,2005,2005,2005,Premier Premier Premier Premier Wen Wen 106、Wen Wen Jiabao Jiabao Jiabao Jiabao definitely definitely definitely definitely pointed pointed pointed pointed out out out out”We”We”We”We have have have have worked worked worked worked out out out out the the the the national national national national general general general general plan plan pl107、an plan system system system system for for for for outbreak outbreak outbreak outbreak public public public public accidents accidents accidents accidents and and and and 105 105 105 105 special special special special and and and and designated designated designated designated plans plans plans pl108、ans for for for for natural natural natural natural disasters,disasters,disasters,disasters,accidental accidental accidental accidental calamity,calamity,calamity,calamity,public public public public hygiene,hygiene,hygiene,hygiene,social social social social security,security,security,security,etc.109、etc.etc.etc.Provinces Provinces Provinces Provinces(autonomous(autonomous(autonomous(autonomous regions,regions,regions,regions,municipalities)municipalities)municipalities)municipalities)have have have have also also also also established established established established plan plan plan plan syst110、em system system system for for for for outbreak outbreak outbreak outbreak public public public public accidents accidents accidents accidents at at at at the the the the provincial provincial provincial provincial level.level.level.level.We We We We should should should should build build build bu111、ild up up up up a a a a legal legal legal legal government government government government to to to to fully fully fully fully implement implement implement implement the the the the governmental governmental governmental governmental function function function function and and and and achieve achi112、eve achieve achieve outbreak outbreak outbreak outbreak development”.development”.development”.development”.自然灾自然灾害类专害类专项预案项预案Special plan for natural disaster国家防汛抗旱应急预案国家防汛抗旱应急预案 EmergencyPlanforfloodanddrought国家地质灾害应急预案国家地质灾害应急预案EmergencyPlanforgeologicaldisaster国家自然灾害救助应急预案国家自然灾害救助应急预案 EmergencyP113、lanfordisasterrelief国家破坏性地震应急预案国家破坏性地震应急预案 EmergencyPlanfordevastatingearthquake国家森林火灾应急预案国家森林火灾应急预案EmergencyPlanforForestFire事故灾事故灾难类专难类专项预案项预案EmergencyPlan forAccidental calamity国家安全生产事故应急预案国家安全生产事故应急预案Nation Security国家海上搜救应急预案国家海上搜救应急预案Search and rescue at sea国家处置铁路行车事故应急预案国家处置铁路行车事故应急预案Railway a114、ccident国家处置民用航空器飞行事故应急预案国家处置民用航空器飞行事故应急预案Civil aviation国家处置电网大面积停电事件应急预案国家处置电网大面积停电事件应急预案Large scale of power cut of electricity network国家核应急预案国家核应急预案Nuclear accident国家突发环境事件应急预案国家突发环境事件应急预案Environmental accident国家通信保障应急预案国家通信保障应急预案Communication support国家处置城市地铁事故应急预案国家处置城市地铁事故应急预案Urban metro acciden115、t突发公突发公共卫生共卫生事件类事件类专项预案专项预案EmergencyPlan forPublic Hygiene Accident国家突发公共卫生事件应急预案国家突发公共卫生事件应急预案Public hygiene accident outburst国家重大食品安全事故应急预案国家重大食品安全事故应急预案Serious food security accident国家突发公共事件医学救援应急预案国家突发公共事件医学救援应急预案Medical rescue for public hygiene accident国家突发重大动物疫情应急预案国家突发重大动物疫情应急预案Serious anima116、l epidemic国家处置劫机事件总体预案国家处置劫机事件总体预案Hijack accident国家突发事件新闻报道应急预案国家突发事件新闻报道应急预案News reports for emergent accident社会安社会安全类专全类专项预案项预案EmergencyPlan forSocialSecurity国家粮食应急预案国家粮食应急预案Food security国家大规模群体性事件应急预案国家大规模群体性事件应急预案Large scale of group accident国家金融突发公共事件应急预案国家金融突发公共事件应急预案Finance accident国家涉外突发事件应急117、预案国家涉外突发事件应急预案Accident involved with foreign issues国家处置大规模恐怖袭击事件基本预案国家处置大规模恐怖袭击事件基本预案Large scale of terrorist attacks 全国全国应急应急预案预案体系体系框架框架Framework of national emergency plan system国家突发公共事件总体应急预案国家突发公共事件总体应急预案National general emergency plan for outburst public accidents国家级专项预案（国家级专项预案（2525件）件）Nation118、al special plans(25)国务院部门预案（国务院部门预案（8080件）件）Plans by departments under State Council(80)省级及地方政府制定的应急预案省级及地方政府制定的应急预案Emergency plan by the provincial and local government企事业单位制定的应急预案企事业单位制定的应急预案Emergency plan by the enterprises and business units 举办大型会议、展览和文体等重大举办大型会议、展览和文体等重大活动，主办单位制定的应急预案活动，主办单位制定的119、应急预案Emergency plan for large scale activities like conference,exhibition,art performance and sports meeting,etc.进一步深化进一步深化应急预案体系建设应急预案体系建设Further deepen the building of emergency plan system（1）应急预案进基层）应急预案进基层Emergency plan to grass roots（2）增强应急预案的操作性）增强应急预案的操作性Make emergency plan operational（3）加强培训和120、演练）加强培训和演练Enhance the trainings and drillings（1 1）应急预案）应急预案进基层进基层Emergency plan to grass rootsp应急预案应急预案进社区、进厂矿、进学校、进社区、进厂矿、进学校、进农村进农村,形成形成“横向到边、纵向到底横向到边、纵向到底”的预案体系。的预案体系。To community,factory,mill,school and countrysideTo community,factory,mill,school and countrysidep“基层扎实基层扎实,坚如磐石坚如磐石”。Make the gras121、s roots rock-solidMake the grass roots rock-solid（2）增强应急预案的操作性）增强应急预案的操作性 Make emergency plan operational明确回答突发事件事前、事发、事中、事后，谁来做？怎样做？何时做？用什么资源做？Definite who,how,when,what resource to handle Definite who,how,when,what resource to handle with chronological phases of emergency.with chronological phases122、 of emergency.（3）加强培训和演练）加强培训和演练 Enhance the trainings and drillings应急演练重点推进应急演练重点推进“两个结合两个结合”：Focus on two“combinations”Focus on two“combinations”一一是是把把应应急急演演练练与与提提高高实实战战能能力力有有机机结结合合起来；起来；Combine Combine emergency emergency drillings drillings with with ability ability of of actual actual combatcom123、bat二二是是把把应应急急演演练练与与普普及及应应急急知知识识、提提高高全全民应急能力有机结合起来。民应急能力有机结合起来。Combine Combine emergency emergency drillings drillings with with popularization popularization of of emergency knowledge and civil response abilityemergency knowledge and civil response ability q 制订、修订应急预案是加强应急体系建制订、修订应急预案是加强应急体系建设的基础性工作124、和首要任务设的基础性工作和首要任务。Enacting and amending emergency plans for Enacting and amending emergency plans for strengthening the emergency response system are the strengthening the emergency response system are the foundational and most important task.foundational and most important task.q 制订和修订应急预案的过程是一个不断制125、订和修订应急预案的过程是一个不断总结经验教训的过程，一个查找薄弱环节的总结经验教训的过程，一个查找薄弱环节的过程，一个改进工作的过程，是一个与时俱过程，一个改进工作的过程，是一个与时俱进的过程进的过程.Preparation and revision of the emergency plan is an Preparation and revision of the emergency plan is an ongoing process of summing up the experience and ongoing process of summing up the experience126、 and lessons during the process,a process of finding weak link lessons during the process,a process of finding weak link in the process,a process of improving works and keeping in the process,a process of improving works and keeping the pace with the times.the pace with the times.（三）加强应急体制建设（三）加强应急体127、制建设Strengthen the building of emergency response system 应应急急管管理理体体制制方方面面：主要是在在党党中中央央、国国务务院院的的统统一一领领导导下下，建建立立健健全全分分类类管管理理、分分级级负负责责，条条块块结结合合、属属地地管管理理为为主主的的应应急急管管理理体体制制，实实行行各各级级行行政政领领导导责责任制，充分发挥专业应急指挥机构的作用。任制，充分发挥专业应急指挥机构的作用。Emergency management system:Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee 128、and the State Council,we should establish and improve management,individual responsibility,and combine central and local emergency management system.All levels of administrative leadership shoulder their responsibility to fully perform emergency command role.（三）加强应急体制建设（三）加强应急体制建设Strengthen the buil129、ding of emergency response systemp各各省省（区区、市市）都都成成立立了了应应急急管管理理领领导导机机构构和和办办事事机机构。构。Provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)have set up emergency management offices and leadership.p全全国国公公安安（消消防防）、防防洪洪抗抗旱旱、公公共共卫卫生生、抗抗震震减减灾灾、海海上上搜搜救救、矿矿山山救救护护、森森林林防防火火、核核应应急急、环环境境监监控控、反反恐恐怖怖、反反劫劫机机、危危险险化化学学品品等等事事故130、故救救援援机机构构进进一一步步强化。强化。pThe rescue institutions of National Public Security(Fire),flood and drought,public health,earthquake mitigation,maritime search and rescue,mine rescue,forest fire prevention,nuclear emergency.environmental monitoring,anti-terrorism,counter-hijacking,dangerous chemicals,and simi131、lar accident should be strengthened.p军军队队系系统统应应急急管管理理体体系系建建设设和和与与对对地地方方的的支支援援进进一一步步加强。加强。Strengthen the military system of emergency management system with the local support.党中央党中央国务院国务院（国务院应急办公室）国务院应急办公室）CPC Central Committee State Council 企业事业单位和社会组织团体EnterprisesEstablishments Social organization国132、务院国务院各部委各部委Ministries 省（区、市）省（区、市）Provinces 市（地、州）市（地、州）Municipalities县（市、旗）县（市、旗）Counties乡镇人民政府乡镇人民政府Towns党中央党中央国务院国务院（国务院应急办公室）（国务院应急办公室）CPC Central Committee CPC Central Committee State CouncilState Council自然灾害类部门事故灾难类部门公共卫生类部门社会安全类部门Social SecurityPublicHygieneNaturalDisasterAccidental Calamitie133、s（四）加强应急机制建设（四）加强应急机制建设Strengthen building of emergency mechanisms 运运行行机机制制方方面面：主主要要是是建建立立健健全全社社会会预预警警体体系系，形形成成统统一一指指挥挥、功功能能齐齐全全、反反应应灵灵敏敏、协协调调有有序序、运运转转高高效效的的应应急急机机制制。包包括括建建立立健健全全社社会会管管理理机机制制、监监测测预预警警机机制制、应应急急信信息息传传递递机机制制、应应急急决决策策和和指指挥挥机机制制、应应急急响响应应机机制制、公公众众沟沟通通与与动动员员机机制制、应应急急保保障障机机制制(包包括括应应急急资资源源配配置134、置与与征征用用)、恢恢复复与与重重建建机机制、评估与奖惩机制和国际合作机制等。制、评估与奖惩机制和国际合作机制等。Operating mechanism:The principal is to establish and perfect an early warning system.Including the establishment of a sound social management,monitoring and early-warning mechanisms,emergency information transfer,emergency decision-making and135、 command mechanism,the emergency response mechanism,public communication and mobilization mechanisms,emergency safeguard mechanism(including emergency allocation of resources and acquisition).rehabilitation and reconstruction mechanism,assessment and incentive mechanisms and international cooperatio136、n mechanisms.1.建立健全应急信息传递机制建立健全应急信息传递机制Establish and improve emergency response information Establish and improve emergency response information delivery mechanism delivery mechanism p加快推进应急平台建设，提高应急处置效率和水平，加快推进应急平台建设，提高应急处置效率和水平，加快推进应急平台建设，提高应急处置效率和水平，加快推进应急平台建设，提高应急处置效率和水平，整合各专业信息系统资源，形成统一、高效的应急决策137、整合各专业信息系统资源，形成统一、高效的应急决策整合各专业信息系统资源，形成统一、高效的应急决策整合各专业信息系统资源，形成统一、高效的应急决策指挥网络指挥网络指挥网络指挥网络Accelerate construction of emergency platform,improve the efficiency of Accelerate construction of emergency platform,improve the efficiency of emergency disposal and the level of integration of the professional 138、emergency disposal and the level of integration of the professional information system to form an unified,and efficient decision-making information system to form an unified,and efficient decision-making emergency command network emergency command network p全面推进全面推进全面推进全面推进“110”110”110”110”、“119”119”139、119”119”、“122”122”122”122”、“120”120”120”120”等多等多等多等多台合一，实现台合一，实现台合一，实现台合一，实现“统一接报，分类分级处置统一接报，分类分级处置统一接报，分类分级处置统一接报，分类分级处置”，并统一社，并统一社，并统一社，并统一社会服务号码（北京会服务号码（北京会服务号码（北京会服务号码（北京12345123451234512345）Combine several social service number to one number to achieve the aim Combine several social service num140、ber to one number to achieve the aim of“Unification Responding to the Report,Classified disposalof“Unification Responding to the Report,Classified disposal2.坚持早发现、早报告、早控制、坚持早发现、早报告、早控制、早解决的应急处置原则早解决的应急处置原则Policy of early discovery,early reporting,early control Policy of early discovery,early reporti141、ng,early control and early resolvingand early resolvingq第第一一时时间间处处置置的的好好坏坏往往往往决决定定损损失失的的大大小小和和处处置置成本的高低成本的高低The The magnitude magnitude and and cost cost of of loss loss is is decided decided by by how how we we handle handle emergency at the first time.emergency at the first time.q不不管管什什么么等等级级的的突突发142、发公公共共事事件件发发生生后后，事事发发地地人人民民政政府府和和有有关关单单位位都都立立即即采采取取措措施施控控制制事事态态发发展展，组织开展应急救援工作，并及时向上级政府报告。组织开展应急救援工作，并及时向上级政府报告。No No matter matter what what the the level level of of the the public public accident accident is,is,local local government government and and relevant relevant authorities authorities sho143、uld should take take immediate immediate measures measures to to control control developments,developments,organize organize emergency emergency relief relief work,work,and and promptly promptly report report to to the higher levels of government.the higher levels of government.3.建立健全公众沟通与动员机制建立健全公众144、沟通与动员机制Establish and improve mechanism of public communication and mobilizationp按照及时主动、准确把握、正确引导、讲究方式、注按照及时主动、准确把握、正确引导、讲究方式、注重效果的原则，做好突发公共事件的信息发布。重效果的原则，做好突发公共事件的信息发布。In accordance with the principles of being voluntary,timely,accurate correct,results-oriented,to do a good job of dissemination of e145、mergencies information.p特别是做好第一时间的简要信息发布，及后续发布工特别是做好第一时间的简要信息发布，及后续发布工作。作。In particular,do a good job of early dissemination of summary information,and follow-up information publication.4.4.依靠社会力量，发挥社会组织和志愿依靠社会力量，发挥社会组织和志愿者的作用者的作用Rely on the forces of society,social organizations and volunteersp坚持安全146、发展，认真履行企业的社会责任。坚持安全发展，认真履行企业的社会责任。Insist on safety development,conscientiously fulfill social responsibility.p依靠社会组织，全面动员社会力量参与应依靠社会组织，全面动员社会力量参与应急救援工作急救援工作Rely on social organizations,fully encourage social forces to participate in emergency rescue work2006200620062006年年年年7 7 7 7月月月月14141414日日日日,湖南147、省资兴湖南省资兴湖南省资兴湖南省资兴市坪石乡昆村妇代会主任市坪石乡昆村妇代会主任市坪石乡昆村妇代会主任市坪石乡昆村妇代会主任陈淑陈淑陈淑陈淑秀在洪水来临之际秀在洪水来临之际秀在洪水来临之际秀在洪水来临之际,挨家挨户挨家挨户挨家挨户挨家挨户叫醒三百多熟睡的村民叫醒三百多熟睡的村民叫醒三百多熟睡的村民叫醒三百多熟睡的村民,她她她她自自自自己却被洪水无情地卷走，己却被洪水无情地卷走，己却被洪水无情地卷走，己却被洪水无情地卷走，用自用自用自用自己己己己36363636岁的年轻生命使整个山村岁的年轻生命使整个山村岁的年轻生命使整个山村岁的年轻生命使整个山村的生命得以生续。的生命得以生续。的生命得以生续。148、的生命得以生续。Before the flood in Hunan,2006,Before the flood in Hunan,2006,She warms villagers door-to-door,She warms villagers door-to-door,but eventually sacrificed her life.but eventually sacrificed her life.2006中国骄傲中国骄傲陈淑秀陈淑秀Heroine of China:Chen Shuxiu 这位这位这位这位36363636岁的妇女主任岁的妇女主任岁的妇女主任岁的妇女主任舍己救人的动人149、故事，感舍己救人的动人故事，感舍己救人的动人故事，感舍己救人的动人故事，感动了无数人，也感动了来动了无数人，也感动了来动了无数人，也感动了来动了无数人，也感动了来到灾区慰问的温总理。温到灾区慰问的温总理。温到灾区慰问的温总理。温到灾区慰问的温总理。温总理在听完陈淑秀英勇的总理在听完陈淑秀英勇的总理在听完陈淑秀英勇的总理在听完陈淑秀英勇的事迹后。轻轻地对陈淑秀事迹后。轻轻地对陈淑秀事迹后。轻轻地对陈淑秀事迹后。轻轻地对陈淑秀的儿子说，的儿子说，的儿子说，的儿子说，“给你妈妈上给你妈妈上给你妈妈上给你妈妈上坟的时候，别忘了替我给坟的时候，别忘了替我给坟的时候，别忘了替我给坟的时候，别忘了替我给他上150、柱香。他上柱香。他上柱香。他上柱香。”Her behavior moved Premier Her behavior moved Premier Wen Jiabao,and Premier Wen Jiabao,and Premier comforted her young forted her young son.2006中国骄傲中国骄傲陈淑秀陈淑秀Heroine of China:Chen Shuxiu 2004200420042004年年年年2 2 2 2月月月月15151515日，吉林中百商厦发生特大火灾日，吉林中百商厦发生特大火灾日，吉林中百商厦发生特大火灾日，吉林中百商厦发生特大151、火灾事故。事故。事故。事故。个体劳动者胡茂东个体劳动者胡茂东个体劳动者胡茂东个体劳动者胡茂东冒着生命危险，从死神手冒着生命危险，从死神手冒着生命危险，从死神手冒着生命危险，从死神手中抢救出了中抢救出了中抢救出了中抢救出了11111111条生命。条生命。条生命。条生命。He saved 11 lives in a fire accident taken place in a commercial He saved 11 lives in a fire accident taken place in a commercial buildings on Feb 15,2004,Jilin Provi152、ncebuildings on Feb 15,2004,Jilin Province2005中国骄傲中国骄傲胡茂东胡茂东Hero of China:Hu Maodong 2006200620062006年年年年7 7 7 7月月月月9 9 9 9日，江西公路开日，江西公路开日，江西公路开日，江西公路开发总公司梨温高速公路公司职工发总公司梨温高速公路公司职工发总公司梨温高速公路公司职工发总公司梨温高速公路公司职工熊文清路遇一辆旅游客车发生严熊文清路遇一辆旅游客车发生严熊文清路遇一辆旅游客车发生严熊文清路遇一辆旅游客车发生严重车祸时，临危不惧、不畏艰险、重车祸时，临危不惧、不畏艰险、重车祸时，临危153、不惧、不畏艰险、重车祸时，临危不惧、不畏艰险、挺身而出，倾尽全力连救挺身而出，倾尽全力连救挺身而出，倾尽全力连救挺身而出，倾尽全力连救27272727人。人。人。人。救人之后，悄然离去，不图回报、救人之后，悄然离去，不图回报、救人之后，悄然离去，不图回报、救人之后，悄然离去，不图回报、不求名利，甘当无名英雄。不求名利，甘当无名英雄。不求名利，甘当无名英雄。不求名利，甘当无名英雄。完成完成完成完成了他最感人的托举。了他最感人的托举。了他最感人的托举。了他最感人的托举。He did his best to save 27 He did his best to save 27 lives after154、 a traffic accident lives after a traffic accident and left quietly without leaving and left quietly without leaving his name on July 9,in Jiangxi his name on July 9,in Jiangxi province.province.2006中国骄傲中国骄傲熊文清熊文清Hero of China:Xiong Wenqing（五）加强应急法制建设（五）加强应急法制建设Strengthen building of emergency legal155、 system 法法制制建建设设方方面面：主主要要是是依依据据有有关关法法律律和和行行政政法法规规，加加强强应应急急管管理理，维维护护公公众众的的合合法法权权益益，使使应应对对突突发发公公共共事事件件的的工工作作规规范范化化、制制度度化化、法法制制化化。并并注注意意通通过过对对实实践践的的总总结结，促促进进法法律律、法法规规和和规规章章的的不不断断完完善。善。In accordance with relevant laws and administrative regulations,to strengthen emergency management,to safeguard the leg156、itimate rights and interests of the public,to deal with emergent public accidents by standardization,systematization,and legislation And improve the laws,regulations through practice experience.p中中华华人人民民共共和和国国突突发发事事件件应应对对法法已经提交全国人大常委会审议已经提交全国人大常委会审议PRC Emergency Response Law has been submitted to th157、e NPC Standing Committee for deliberationp制制定定和和修修订订了了4040多多部部与与应应急急管管理理相相关关的的法法律律、4040多多件件行行政政法法规规和和6060多多件件部门规章部门规章Formulation and revision of more than 40 emergency management-related laws,over 40 administrative regulations and over 60 departmental rules and regulations（六）切实加强应急保障能力建设（六）切实加强应急保障能158、力建设Strengthen building of emergency support capacityStrengthen building of emergency support capacity1.1.应急救援队伍体系形成应急救援队伍体系形成Form of emergency rescue team2.2.应急保障能力不断加强应急保障能力不断加强Strengthen of emergency support capability3.3.依靠科技提高素质和装备依靠科技提高素质和装备Rely on science and technology to enhance the quality 159、and equipment4.4.大力普及自救和互救常识；大力普及自救和互救常识；Popularize self/mutual rescue knowledge1.1.应急救援队伍体系形成应急救援队伍体系形成Form of emergency rescue teamForm of emergency rescue team （1 1 1 1）人民解放军、武警、公安部队和预备役民兵是应）人民解放军、武警、公安部队和预备役民兵是应）人民解放军、武警、公安部队和预备役民兵是应）人民解放军、武警、公安部队和预备役民兵是应急救援的骨干和突击力量；急救援的骨干和突击力量；急救援的骨干和突击力量；急救援的骨160、干和突击力量；Liberation Army,armed police,public security forces and the Liberation Army,armed police,public security forces and the reserve militia is the backbone of emergency rescuereserve militia is the backbone of emergency rescue（2 2 2 2）防防防防洪洪洪洪抗抗抗抗旱旱旱旱、医医医医疗疗疗疗救救救救护护护护、抗抗抗抗震震震震减减减减灾灾灾灾、海海海海上上上上搜搜搜161、搜救救救救、矿矿矿矿山山山山救救救救护护护护、森森森森林林林林防防防防火火火火、核核核核应应应应急急急急、环环环环境境境境监监监监控控控控、民民民民航航航航铁铁铁铁路路路路等等等等事事事事故故故故救救救救援援援援、动动动动物物物物疫疫疫疫情情情情处处处处置置置置等等等等专专专专业业业业队队队队伍伍伍伍是是是是应应应应急急急急救救救救援援援援的的的的基基基基本力量；本力量；本力量；本力量；Professional emergency rescue teams are the basic forces;Professional emergency rescue teams are the basi162、c forces;（3 3）厂厂厂厂矿矿矿矿企企企企业业业业专专专专兼兼兼兼职职职职队队队队伍伍伍伍、志志志志愿愿愿愿者者者者和和和和职职职职工工工工是是是是应应应应急急急急救救救救援援援援的辅助力量。的辅助力量。的辅助力量。的辅助力量。Part-time Part-time teams,teams,voluntaries voluntaries and and workers workers are are the the auxiliary auxiliary forces.forces.国务院加强公安消防工作的通知国务院加强公安消防工作的通知Notification on strengt163、hening public fire Notification on strengthening public fire protection by State Councilprotection by State CouncilAir crashes and major traffic accidentsNatural disasters(Earthquake,flood,wind)Collapses of buildings and constructionTerrorist attack and demolishOther rescueRescue tasks charged by pu164、blic policeLeak of dangerous chemicals2.2.应急保障能力不断加强应急保障能力不断加强Strengthen of emergency support capabilityStrengthen of emergency support capability（1 1 1 1）国家投入数百亿元加强应急物资储备和应急救援装备；）国家投入数百亿元加强应急物资储备和应急救援装备；）国家投入数百亿元加强应急物资储备和应急救援装备；）国家投入数百亿元加强应急物资储备和应急救援装备；The state has invested tens of billions for re165、serve of supplies and The state has invested tens of billions for reserve of supplies and rescue equipment;rescue equipment;（2 2 2 2）灾害监测网络日趋完善，预警系统建设不断加强；）灾害监测网络日趋完善，预警系统建设不断加强；）灾害监测网络日趋完善，预警系统建设不断加强；）灾害监测网络日趋完善，预警系统建设不断加强；Disaster Disaster monitoring monitoring network network is is toward toward 166、perfected,perfected,early early warning warning systems systems have also been reinforced;have also been reinforced;（3 3 3 3）覆覆覆覆盖盖盖盖省省省省、市市市市、县县县县、乡乡乡乡四四四四级级级级的的的的全全全全国国国国突突突突发发发发公公公公共共共共卫卫卫卫生生生生事事事事件件件件网网网网络络络络直报系统进一步健全直报系统进一步健全直报系统进一步健全直报系统进一步健全Report network of hygiene accidents coving all level167、 of governmentsReport network of hygiene accidents coving all level of governments（4 4 4 4）灾灾灾灾后后后后恢恢恢恢复复复复重重重重建建建建能能能能力力力力明明明明显显显显加加加加强强强强，因因因因灾灾灾灾毁毁毁毁坏坏坏坏民民民民房房房房基基基基本本本本做做做做到到到到当当当当年重建。年重建。年重建。年重建。Disaster Disaster recovery recovery capability capability has has been been significantly significan168、tly strengthened,strengthened,the the houses exactly basic reconstruction was done.houses exactly basic reconstruction was done.惠及农村广大群众的减灾安居建设惠及农村广大群众的减灾安居建设Residential construction orienting disaster Residential construction orienting disaster mitigation by public forces in villagesmitigation by p169、ublic forces in villages 广广广广东东东东省省省省茂茂茂茂名名名名市市市市是是是是经经经经常常常常遭遭遭遭受受受受台台台台风风风风和和和和洪洪洪洪涝涝涝涝灾灾灾灾害害害害，经经经经常常常常导致大量民房倒塌、人员伤亡等灾害后果的地区。导致大量民房倒塌、人员伤亡等灾害后果的地区。导致大量民房倒塌、人员伤亡等灾害后果的地区。导致大量民房倒塌、人员伤亡等灾害后果的地区。党党党党委委委委领领领领导导导导，全全全全面面面面动动动动员员员员，以以以以困困困困难难难难群群群群众众众众为为为为本本本本，从从从从减减减减轻轻轻轻灾灾灾灾害害害害、改改改改善善善善居居居居住住住住条条条条件件170、件件、全全全全面面面面建建建建设设设设小小小小康康康康社社社社会会会会着着着着眼眼眼眼，茂茂茂茂名名名名市市市市委委委委、市市市市政政政政府府府府实实实实施施施施“告告告告别别别别泥泥泥泥砖砖砖砖房房房房工工工工程程程程”（20022002年年年年至至至至20072007年年年年）。截截截截止止止止20062006年年年年年年年年底底底底，全全全全市市市市共共共共投投投投入入入入106.12106.12亿亿亿亿,改改改改造造造造泥泥泥泥砖砖砖砖房房房房308662308662户户户户,占占占占全全全全市市市市原原原原有有有有泥泥泥泥砖砖砖砖房房房房总总总总户户户户数数数数的的的的93.38%,171、93.38%,改改改改善善善善了了了了群群群群众众众众的的的的居居居居住住住住条条条条件件件件和和和和精精精精神神神神状状状状态态态态,增增增增强强强强了了了了抗抗抗抗灾灾灾灾能能能能力力力力,密密密密切切切切了了了了党党党党群群群群、干干干干群群群群关关关关系系系系,促促促促进进进进了了了了经经经经济济济济社社社社会会会会协协协协调调调调发展发展发展发展.广东省茂名市广东省茂名市“告别泥砖房工程告别泥砖房工程”Comparison after the construction20062006年年“派比安派比安”台风台风Typhoon Prapiroon,2006风力风力1414级，正面袭击茂172、名，拌级，正面袭击茂名，拌有大暴雨，造成山洪暴发，有大暴雨，造成山洪暴发，6 6县、市、区大面积受灾。县、市、区大面积受灾。Wind power:14 degree死亡死亡8 8人人Death toll:8倒塌泥砖房倒塌泥砖房59405940间间Collapse houses:5940直接经济损失直接经济损失12.8312.83亿亿Direct Economic Loss:1.283 billion19951995年的年的1515号台风号台风Typhoon No.15,1995风力风力1212级以上，正面袭击茂名，级以上，正面袭击茂名，拌有大暴雨，造成山洪暴发，拌有大暴雨，造成山洪暴发，6 6173、县、市、区大面积受灾。县、市、区大面积受灾。Wind power:14 degree死亡死亡6060人人Death toll:8倒塌泥砖房倒塌泥砖房112900112900间间Collapse houses:112900直接经济损失直接经济损失7070多亿多亿Direct Economic Loss:more than 7billion3.3.依靠科技，提高素质和装备依靠科技，提高素质和装备Rely on science and technology to enhance the quality and equipment加强公共安全科学研究和技术开发，采用先进的监测、加强公共安全科学研究和技174、术开发，采用先进的监测、预测、预警、预防和应急处置技术及设备，充分发挥专预测、预警、预防和应急处置技术及设备，充分发挥专家作用，提高应对突发公共事件的科技水平和指挥能力，家作用，提高应对突发公共事件的科技水平和指挥能力，避免发生次生、衍生事件；加强宣传和培训教育工作，避免发生次生、衍生事件；加强宣传和培训教育工作，提高公众自救、互救和应对各类突发公共事件的综合素提高公众自救、互救和应对各类突发公共事件的综合素质。质。Improving public safety research and technological development,adopting advanced technolog175、ies and equipments,fully bringing experts into play,improving S&T level and command capacity to avoid secondary/derived accidents.Strengthening the work of publicity,education and training,improving self/mutual rescue abilities.4.4.大力普及自救和互救常识大力普及自救和互救常识Popularize self/mutual rescue knowledgepp向广大群众176、免费发放防灾应急手册向广大群众免费发放防灾应急手册向广大群众免费发放防灾应急手册向广大群众免费发放防灾应急手册；Free distribution of emergency prevention manualsFree distribution of emergency prevention manualspp“从娃娃抓起从娃娃抓起从娃娃抓起从娃娃抓起”，应急教育进学校、进课堂；，应急教育进学校、进课堂；，应急教育进学校、进课堂；，应急教育进学校、进课堂；Bring emergency education into schools and classroomsBring emergency e177、ducation into schools and classroomspp以农民工为重点，以典型案例为抓手；以农民工为重点，以典型案例为抓手；以农民工为重点，以典型案例为抓手；以农民工为重点，以典型案例为抓手；Focus on migrant workers and typical casesFocus on migrant workers and typical casespp重视做好基层和基础工作，特别是社区、农村、重点工重视做好基层和基础工作，特别是社区、农村、重点工重视做好基层和基础工作，特别是社区、农村、重点工重视做好基层和基础工作，特别是社区、农村、重点工矿企业和事业单位的工作；178、矿企业和事业单位的工作；矿企业和事业单位的工作；矿企业和事业单位的工作；Pay attention to the grassroots and foundation workPay attention to the grassroots and foundation workpp充分重视和发挥新闻媒体、社团组织的作用，并不断培充分重视和发挥新闻媒体、社团组织的作用，并不断培充分重视和发挥新闻媒体、社团组织的作用，并不断培充分重视和发挥新闻媒体、社团组织的作用，并不断培育和发展安全文化产业。育和发展安全文化产业。育和发展安全文化产业。育和发展安全文化产业。Let the news media,c179、ommunity organizations play their role and Let the news media,community organizations play their role and continuously develop cultural industriescontinuously develop cultural industries必须必须“从娃娃抓起从娃娃抓起”，让安全教育进学校、，让安全教育进学校、进课堂。进课堂。Bring safety education to schools 中国的骄傲中国的骄傲Example:Yuanyuan A third-g180、rade elementary student in Shenzhen深圳市南山区南头城小学三年级7岁学生 袁媛印度洋海啸中印度洋海啸中11岁的英国女岁的英国女11-year-old British girl,Indian Ocean tsunami 11-year-old British girl,Indian Ocean tsunami 11岁的英国女孩蒂莉史密斯（左）和母亲彭妮史密斯准备参加新闻发布会。综合素质综合素质=忧患意识忧患意识+安全知识安全知识+自救互救技能自救互救技能Comprehensive Quality=Sense of crisis+knowledge of secu181、rity+skill of self/mutual rescue 经验证明，当灾害迫在眉睫或正在发生经验证明，当灾害迫在眉睫或正在发生时，每个指挥员和每个人的行动是否正确合时，每个指挥员和每个人的行动是否正确合理，往往就决定了他们在灾难中能否生存和理，往往就决定了他们在灾难中能否生存和损失的大小。损失的大小。It has been proved that before or during calamity happening,the correctness of reaction of every commander and every person will decide the amoun182、t of life loss and other loss.强化全民的危机意识，普及灾害中自救强化全民的危机意识，普及灾害中自救和互救常识，抓好培训教育，是减少突和互救常识，抓好培训教育，是减少突发事件及其造成的损失的最有效、最经发事件及其造成的损失的最有效、最经济、最安全的办法。济、最安全的办法。Strengthen the consciousness about crisis of the whole nation,popularize self-rescue and mutual rescue knowledge when calamity happens and do a good j183、ob in training and education is the most efficient,economic and safest way to reduce outbreak public accidents and the relevant loss.制制制制定定定定、修修修修订订订订突突突突发发发发公公公公共共共共事事事事件件件件应应应应急急急急预预预预案案案案和和和和建建建建立立立立健健健健全全全全应应应应急急急急体体体体制制制制、机机机机制制制制、法法法法制制制制（一一一一案案案案三三三三制制制制），是是是是贯贯贯贯彻彻彻彻落落落落实实实实“三三三三个个个个代代代代表表表表184、”重重重重要要要要思思思思想想想想的的的的本本本本质质质质要要要要求求求求和和和和具具具具体体体体体体体体现现现现；是是是是落落落落实实实实科科科科学学学学发发发发展展展展观观观观、构构构构建建建建和和和和谐谐谐谐社社社社会会会会的的的的重重重重要要要要内内内内容容容容；是是是是维维维维护护护护社社社社会会会会安安安安全全全全稳稳稳稳定定定定的的的的重重重重要要要要手手手手段段段段；是是是是全全全全面面面面履履履履行行行行政政政政府府府府职职职职能能能能，提提提提高高高高执执执执政政政政能能能能力力力力的的的的迫迫迫迫切切切切需需需需要要要要；是是是是加加加加强强强强国国国国际际际际合合合合作185、作作作，全全全全面面面面贯贯贯贯彻彻彻彻我我我我国国国国外外外外交交交交路路路路线线线线的的的的重重重重要方面。要方面。要方面。要方面。To To To To establish establish establish establish and and and and amend amend amend amend a a a a system,system,system,system,mechanism mechanism mechanism mechanism and and and and legal legal legal legal system system system sys186、tem of of of of a a a a complete complete complete complete emergency emergency emergency emergency response response response response plan plan plan plan system(system(system(system(1 1 1 1 plan plan plan plan 3 3 3 3 systems),systems),systems),systems),is is is is the the the the implementation i187、mplementation implementation implementation of of of of the the the the essential essential essential essential request request request request for for for for“3“3“3“3 represents”,represents”,represents”,represents”,is is is is one one one one of of of of the the the the important important importan188、t important contents contents contents contents of of of of carrying carrying carrying carrying out out out out scientific scientific scientific scientific development development development development outlook outlook outlook outlook and and and and establishing establishing establishing establish189、ing a a a a harmonious harmonious harmonious harmonious society,society,society,society,is is is is an an an an important important important important means means means means to to to to maintain maintain maintain maintain social social social social stability,stability,stability,stability,is is is190、 is an an an an urgent urgent urgent urgent need need need need to to to to fully fully fully fully implement implement implement implement governmental governmental governmental governmental function function function function and and and and to to to to improve improve improve improve governance g191、overnance governance governance ability,ability,ability,ability,and and and and is is is is one one one one important important important important content content content content of of of of enhancing enhancing enhancing enhancing international international international international cooperation 192、cooperation cooperation cooperation and and and and fully fully fully fully implementing implementing implementing implementing the the the the nations nations nations nations diplomacy diplomacy diplomacy diplomacy policy.policy.policy.policy.pp2006200620062006年年年年，在在在在受受受受灾灾灾灾人人人人次次次次比比比比199819981193、9981998年年年年增增增增长长长长23.4%23.4%23.4%23.4%的的的的情情情情况况况况下下下下，死死死死亡亡亡亡人人人人数数数数下下下下降降降降42.2%42.2%42.2%42.2%，农农农农作作作作物物物物绝绝绝绝收收收收面面面面积积积积下下下下降降降降29%29%29%29%，倒倒倒倒塌塌塌塌房房房房屋屋屋屋数数数数量量量量下下下下降降降降76.5%76.5%76.5%76.5%，经济损失下降，经济损失下降，经济损失下降，经济损失下降15.9%15.9%15.9%15.9%。Downward trend of disaster effectDownward trend o194、f disaster effectpp2006200620062006年年年年，全全全全国国国国事事事事故故故故总总总总量量量量较较较较大大大大幅幅幅幅度度度度下下下下降降降降，重重重重特特特特大大大大事事事事故故故故明明明明显显显显减减减减少少少少，各类事故死亡人数下降各类事故死亡人数下降各类事故死亡人数下降各类事故死亡人数下降11.211.211.211.2。Downward trend of accidentsDownward trend of accidentspp有有有有效效效效防防防防控控控控了了了了高高高高致致致致病病病病性性性性禽禽禽禽流流流流感感感感疫疫疫疫情情情情的的的的发195、发发发生生生生和和和和蔓蔓蔓蔓延延延延，没没没没有有有有发发发发生生生生大大大大规模传染性疾病。规模传染性疾病。规模传染性疾病。规模传染性疾病。Efficiently prevent and control SARSEfficiently prevent and control SARSpp群体性事件持续下降，社会治安总体稳定。群体性事件持续下降，社会治安总体稳定。群体性事件持续下降，社会治安总体稳定。群体性事件持续下降，社会治安总体稳定。Stable public orderStable public orderpp新新新新闻闻闻闻媒媒媒媒体体体体关关关关于于于于应应应应急急急急管管管管理理196、理理的的的的宣宣宣宣传传传传越越越越来来来来越越越越多多多多,开开开开展展展展应应应应急急急急管管管管理理理理培培培培训训训训教教教教育的越来越多，公共安全科技研发项目越来越多。育的越来越多，公共安全科技研发项目越来越多。育的越来越多，公共安全科技研发项目越来越多。育的越来越多，公共安全科技研发项目越来越多。More emergency management More emergency management propagandizpropagandizing,training,researchesing,training,researches我国近年来道路交通万台车死亡率1990-2006年197、煤矿百万吨死亡率折线图（6.22.04）Death toll trend of coal mile accidents三、迎接新挑战开创新局面三、迎接新挑战开创新局面Meet new challenge and create new phase 新世纪新阶段，我们面新世纪新阶段，我们面临的发展机遇前所未有，面临的发展机遇前所未有，面对的挑战也前所未有。对的挑战也前所未有。New stage of the new century,we are facing an unprecedented opportunity for development,in the face of unpreceden198、ted challenges.（三）公共安全面临的新挑战（三）公共安全面临的新挑战 New Challenges for Public SafetyNew Challenges for Public Safety 第一，城镇化和城市现代化进程的加快，使我国的公共安全还面临着诸多挑战。改革开放以来，我国城镇化和城市现代化进程明显加快。近些年，我国以平均每年增加20个城市和1.4%城镇人口的速度在快速发展。目前，已有城市665座，建制镇近2万个，城镇人口5.6亿，城镇人口占43%。而且形成了一批城市密集地区。预计到2020年，我国城镇人口将达到8亿多，再净增3亿。Firstly,with the 199、quickening up of urbanization and Firstly,with the quickening up of urbanization and modernization in cities,China is now faced with many modernization in cities,China is now faced with many challenges in the area of public safety.China has been challenges in the area of public safety.China has been200、 developing very fast with 20 cities added and 1.4%of urban developing very fast with 20 cities added and 1.4%of urban citizenship increasing every year.By now,there are totally citizenship increasing every year.By now,there are totally 665 cities,nearly 20,000 counties at township level with 665 ci201、ties,nearly 20,000 counties at township level with urban population of 560 million,accounting 43%of the urban population of 560 million,accounting 43%of the whole population.A passel of city-centralized areas have whole population.A passel of city-centralized areas have been formed and it is expecte202、d that urban population would been formed and it is expected that urban population would reach 800 million,with a net increase of 300 million.reach 800 million,with a net increase of 300 million.城市安全面临着的新挑战城市安全面临着的新挑战 New Challenges for Public SafetyNew Challenges for Public Safety-城市灾害的多样性；城市灾害的多样性203、；-Diversification of urban calamities -Diversification of urban calamities；-城市灾害的复杂性；城市灾害的复杂性；-Complexity of urban calamities -Complexity of urban calamities；-城市灾害的连锁性（次生、衍生和耦合）；城市灾害的连锁性（次生、衍生和耦合）；-Catenation of urban calamities(secondary,derivative -Catenation of urban calamities(secondary,derivati204、ve and couplingand coupling）;城市安全面临着的新挑战城市安全面临着的新挑战 New Challenges for Public SafetyNew Challenges for Public Safety -城市灾害受灾对象的集中性；城市灾害受灾对象的集中性；-Centralization of harmed objectives in urban -Centralization of harmed objectives in urban calamitiescalamities；-城市灾害的严重性；城市灾害的严重性；-Ponderance of urban cal205、amities -Ponderance of urban calamities；-城市灾害的放大性；城市灾害的放大性；-Zooming of urban calamities -Zooming of urban calamities。三、迎接新挑战，开创新局面三、迎接新挑战，开创新局面Meet new challenge and create new phaseMeet new challenge and create new phase 第二，粗放型经济增长方式与安全生产的矛盾依然突出。在粗放型经济增长方式与安全生产的矛盾依然突出。在矿山、建筑、危险化学品和烟花爆竹等危险性较大的行业和矿山、206、建筑、危险化学品和烟花爆竹等危险性较大的行业和领域，安全保障水平低的企业还将在一定时期内存在。经济领域，安全保障水平低的企业还将在一定时期内存在。经济的快速发展也将进一步加剧煤、电、油、运等紧张的状况，的快速发展也将进一步加剧煤、电、油、运等紧张的状况，公共安全面临新的更大的考验。公共安全面临新的更大的考验。Second,the contradictions between extensive mode of economic growth and production safety are still prominent.In industries and fields of mines,c207、onstruction,dangerous chemicals and fireworks,the low level of security of the businesses will exist in a certain period of time.Rapid economic development will further exacerbate the tense situations of coal,electricity,oil,transport and so on.public safety faces new and greater challenges.重大事故频繁发生208、重大事故频繁发生High frequent of serious accidentsAmounts of accidents of mining industries from 1953 to 2005五、迎接新挑战，开创新局面五、迎接新挑战，开创新局面Meet new challenge and create new phaseMeet new challenge and create new phase 第三，现代工业、高技术和信息产业的高速发展，在为国家和个人提供全新的发展机遇和生活空间的同时，也带来了新的安全风险，生命线工程和信息网络一旦被破坏，轻则导致经济的损失和生活的不便，重则会使209、整个国家的政治、经济或军事陷入局部或暂时瘫痪，社会秩序失控。Thirdly,with the fast development of modern industry,high-Thirdly,with the fast development of modern industry,high-tech and information industry,chances for development for tech and information industry,chances for development for both the nation and individuals have b210、een enlarged.However,both the nation and individuals have been enlarged.However,it also has brought new risks for safety.Once the lifeline it also has brought new risks for safety.Once the lifeline project or information network damaged,generally,it would project or information network damaged,gener211、ally,it would cause economic loss or living inconvenience,or even worse cause economic loss or living inconvenience,or even worse results,like partial or temporary paralysis of national politics,results,like partial or temporary paralysis of national politics,economy or military accidents,and disord212、er of the whole economy or military accidents,and disorder of the whole society.society.印度博帕尔事件印度博帕尔事件Bhopal accident in Indiap19841984年年1212月月3 3日凌晨，印度博日凌晨，印度博帕尔市美国联合碳化物公司印帕尔市美国联合碳化物公司印度公司的农药厂发生毒气泄漏，度公司的农药厂发生毒气泄漏，3030吨毒气化作浓重的烟雾以吨毒气化作浓重的烟雾以5 5千米千米/小时的速度迅速四处弥小时的速度迅速四处弥漫，很快就笼罩了漫，很快就笼罩了2525平方公里平方公里的地区，213、几天之内有的地区，几天之内有25002500多人多人毙命。至毙命。至19841984年底，该地区有年底，该地区有2 2万多人死亡，万多人死亡，5 5万人失明，万人失明，2020万人受到伤害，附近的万人受到伤害，附近的30003000头头大牲畜也未能幸免于难。大牲畜也未能幸免于难。p美国在生产安全上使用双重标美国在生产安全上使用双重标准的做法受到当时世界上不少准的做法受到当时世界上不少国家的批判和谴责国家的批判和谴责,美国政府美国政府也为此付出了赔偿也为此付出了赔偿4.74.7亿美元亿美元的代价的代价.被博帕尔农药厂毒气夺去生命的孩子被博帕尔农药厂毒气夺去生命的孩子（选自黑镜头）（选自黑镜头）前214、苏联切尔诺贝利核电站的核泄漏是自1945年日本遭受美国原子弹袭击以来的最严重的核灾难。事故使昔日繁华小镇(普里皮亚季镇),至今仍是死亡之城.如今,4号反应堆约200吨核燃料的放射性残留物在摇摇欲坠的“石棺”下,急需新的更好的加固,新“掩体”耗资10-20亿美圆.Chernobyl nuclear disaster in former Soviet 1998年尼日利亚发生一起输油管泄露原油爆炸的事件，造成1000多人死亡。Leaking oil pipeline exploded and caused more than 1,000 death(1998,Nigeria)2005年年11月月13215、日发生在中石油吉林石化公司双苯厂的爆炸事故，造成日发生在中石油吉林石化公司双苯厂的爆炸事故，造成6 人失踪人失踪死亡，死亡，23人受重伤，数万居民紧急疏散，人受重伤，数万居民紧急疏散，100吨苯类物质排入松花江，造成严吨苯类物质排入松花江，造成严重环境污染。重环境污染。Petrochemical Company oil-benzene plant explosion on November 13,2005,occurred in Jilin Province三、迎接新挑战，开创新局面三、迎接新挑战，开创新局面Meet new challenge and create new phaseMeet216、 new challenge and create new phase第四，随着广大人民群众不断增长的物质文化需求，对公共安全的要求越来越高。特别值得注意的是，我国在今后一个较长时期内处于经济转轨、社会转型的特殊历史阶段，经济成分、经济利益、经营方式、用工形式和生活方式日趋多样化；根据国际经验，人均GDP超过1000美元后的增长时期是矛盾凸现期，利益重新分配，新旧观念相互碰撞，社会结构剧烈变动；再加上国际上政治、经济、军事、安全等因素相互交织，地缘、宗教和文化冲突与政治经济矛盾相互作用，不稳定、不确定、不安全因素增加。Fourthly,increasing need of material c217、ulture of the people has set Fourthly,increasing need of material culture of the people has set higher demand on public safety.In a considerably long period,higher demand on public safety.In a considerably long period,China would be in its special historical stage for economic and China would be in 218、its special historical stage for economic and social revolution with diversification of economic components,social revolution with diversification of economic components,economic benefits,managing modes,working style and living style.economic benefits,managing modes,working style and living style.Ac219、cording to the international experience,when the average GDP According to the international experience,when the average GDP exceeds 1000 USD,conflicts would appear extraordinarily because exceeds 1000 USD,conflicts would appear extraordinarily because of reassigning of benefits,collision between old220、 and new ideas and of reassigning of benefits,collision between old and new ideas and impetuous change of social structure.Moreover,with the interlace of impetuous change of social structure.Moreover,with the interlace of international politics,economy,military,safety and other factors,international221、 politics,economy,military,safety and other factors,and the conflicts between different areas,religions and cultures,and the conflicts between different areas,religions and cultures,unstable,uncertain and unsafe factors are rising.unstable,uncertain and unsafe factors are rising.三、迎接新挑战，开创新局面三、迎接新挑战222、，开创新局面Meet new challenge and create new phaseMeet new challenge and create new phase 第五，世界多极化、经济全球化使世界各国面临着新的挑战，境内外各种敌对势力加紧勾联聚合的趋势，“三股势力”，包括东突组织正在调整政策，改变手法，图谋策划暴力、恐怖活动，恐怖主义的现实危害上升，并向内地发展蔓延。国际经济贸易不断扩大，也加大了外来有害生物和疫病疫情入侵的可能。Fifth,with multipolarization and economic globalization,almost Fifth,with multi223、polarization and economic globalization,almost every country is now faced with new challenge with various every country is now faced with new challenge with various interior and exterior hostile forces further flirting with each other.interior and exterior hostile forces further flirting with each o224、ther.“3 forces”,including the East Turkistan Terrorist Organization are“3 forces”,including the East Turkistan Terrorist Organization are now adjusting their policies and methods to plan violence and now adjusting their policies and methods to plan violence and terrorism.Terrorism is now spreading f225、rom border to cisborder.terrorism.Terrorism is now spreading from border to cisborder.The expanding international economy has also brought the The expanding international economy has also brought the possibility of invasion of overseas deleterious life-forms and possibility of invasion of overseas d226、eleterious life-forms and epidemic diseases.epidemic diseases.我国口岸截获外来非法生物呈上升趋势我国口岸截获外来非法生物呈上升趋势The upward trend of interceptions of illegal biology at portsThe upward trend of interceptions of illegal biology at ports三、迎接新挑战，开创新局面三、迎接新挑战，开创新局面Meet new challenge and create new phaseMeet new challeng227、e and create new phase 第六，第六，第六，第六，难以预料的全球性气候反常和难以控制的自难以预料的全球性气候反常和难以控制的自难以预料的全球性气候反常和难以控制的自难以预料的全球性气候反常和难以控制的自然灾害时有发生（印度洋大海啸、美国飓风及海侵、然灾害时有发生（印度洋大海啸、美国飓风及海侵、然灾害时有发生（印度洋大海啸、美国飓风及海侵、然灾害时有发生（印度洋大海啸、美国飓风及海侵、巴基斯坦大地震、马来西亚大地震），巴基斯坦大地震、马来西亚大地震），巴基斯坦大地震、马来西亚大地震），巴基斯坦大地震、马来西亚大地震），自然灾害已经自然灾害已经自然灾害已经自然灾害已经成为全球共228、同关注的重要课题。成为全球共同关注的重要课题。成为全球共同关注的重要课题。成为全球共同关注的重要课题。Sixth,unpredictable global climate unusual and difficult to Sixth,unpredictable global climate unusual and difficult to control when natural disasters occur(Indian Ocean tsunami,control when natural disasters occur(Indian Ocean tsunami,U.S.hurricane229、 and transgression,Pakistan earthquake,U.S.hurricane and transgression,Pakistan earthquake,Malaysia earthquake),natural disasters has become a Malaysia earthquake),natural disasters has become a common concern of important mon concern of important issues.n极极端端性性气气候候增增加加，如如20062006年年7 7月月1414日日的的“碧碧利230、利斯斯”台台风风、8 8月月1010日日的的“桑桑美美”超超强强台台风风，6 68 8月月四四川川、重重庆庆等等地地百年不遇的严重干旱等百年不遇的严重干旱等Increase of extreme weathers,such as typhoon“Bilis”on July 14,2006 typhoon“Sang-U.S.”on August 10,severe drought from June to August in Sichuan,Chongqingn我我国国是是全全球球气气候候变变暖暖特特征征最最显显著著的的国国家家之之一一，灾灾害害造造成的损失逐步增加。成的损失逐步增加。China231、 is one of the most affected countries by global warming,the loss caused by disasters increases gradually.我国自然灾害的两个明显趋势我国自然灾害的两个明显趋势TwoobvioustrendofnaturaldisasterinChinaTwoobvioustrendofnaturaldisasterinChinaTwoobvioustrendofnaturaldisasterinChinaTwoobvioustrendofnaturaldisasterinChina自然灾害造成自然灾害造成232、3186人死亡人死亡;Death toll:3186直接经济损失直接经济损失2528.1亿元；亿元；Direct Economic Loss:252.81 billion(RMB)倒塌房屋倒塌房屋193.3万间万间;Collapse houses:near 2 million紧急转移安置紧急转移安置1384.5万人万人(次次);Transfer:13.845 million农作物受灾面积农作物受灾面积41091.3千公顷千公顷,其中绝收面积其中绝收面积5408.9公顷公顷.Affected crops area:41.09 million hectares,of which total des233、truction area:5408.9 hectares.20062006年是继年是继19981998年之后年之后进进入入2121世纪以世纪以来我国自然灾害最严重的一年来我国自然灾害最严重的一年2006 was the year most affected by natural disaster after 1998三、迎接新挑战，开创新局面三、迎接新挑战，开创新局面Meet new challenge and create new phaseMeet new challenge and create new phase第七，全球公共安全的发展趋势对我国应急管理工作提出了越来越高第七，全球公234、共安全的发展趋势对我国应急管理工作提出了越来越高的要求的要求Seventh,global trend of public safety requests higher demand of improving our own emergency management.p加强区域和全球的加强区域和全球的国际减灾、应急管理的国际减灾、应急管理的国际合作是必然趋势。国际合作是必然趋势。Regional and global cooperation on disaster mitigation and emergency management is an inevitable trend.p加强应急能力235、建设也是全面贯彻我国外交路线的重要方面。加强应急能力建设也是全面贯彻我国外交路线的重要方面。Strengthening the building of emergency response capacity is also fully implemented according to Chinas foreign policy 在在在在瑞瑞瑞瑞士士士士达达达达沃沃沃沃斯斯斯斯刚刚刚刚刚刚刚刚闭闭闭闭幕幕幕幕的的的的2006200620062006年年年年国国国国际际际际减减减减灾灾灾灾会会会会议议议议上上上上，会会会会议议议议主主主主席席席席沃沃沃沃尔尔尔尔特特特特.阿阿阿阿曼曼曼曼博博博博士236、士士士说说说说：“当当当当今今今今，世世世世界界界界面面面面临临临临多多多多方方方方面面面面的的的的复复复复杂杂杂杂风风风风险险险险，涉涉涉涉及及及及自自自自然然然然灾灾灾灾害害害害、技技技技术术术术、生生生生物物物物化化化化学学学学、流流流流行行行行病病病病、恐恐恐恐怖怖怖怖主主主主义义义义、气气气气候候候候变变变变化化化化和和和和地地地地方方方方病病病病等等等等领领领领域域域域，各各各各种种种种风风风风险险险险的的的的处处处处理理理理体体体体系系系系是是是是相相相相互互互互联联联联系系系系的的的的。在在在在这这这这种种种种形形形形势势势势下下下下，国国国国际际际际社社社社会会会会必必必必须237、须须须有有有有一一一一种种种种新新新新的的的的风风风风险险险险处处处处理理理理观观观观念念念念，一一一一种种种种跨跨跨跨领领领领域域域域、跨跨跨跨部部部部门门门门的的的的风风风风险险险险处处处处理理理理方方方方式式式式，以以以以便便便便更更更更有有有有效效效效地地地地抵抵抵抵御御御御和和和和减减减减少少少少世世世世界界界界所所所所面临的最紧迫风险。面临的最紧迫风险。面临的最紧迫风险。面临的最紧迫风险。”“Today,“Today,the the world world is is facing facing many many complex complex risks risks relat238、ed related to to natural natural disasters,disasters,technology,technology,biochemistry,biochemistry,epidemic,epidemic,terrorism,terrorism,climate climate change change and and endemic endemic,various various risk risk management management system system is is interconnected.”interconnected.”the the239、 President President of of International International Disaster Disaster Reduction Reduction Conference Conference(IDRC),(IDRC),Walter Walter Amanboshi Amanboshi said said on on just just concluded concluded meeting meeting in in Davos,Davos,Switzerland,Switzerland,“Under“Under the the situation,sit240、uation,international international community community must must have have a a new new concept concept of of risk risk management,management,a a cross-discipline,cross-discipline,cross-sector cross-sector risk risk management management way,way,in in order order to to resist resist and and reduce re241、duce the the worlds worlds most most urgent urgent risk risk more effectively.more effectively.p世界并不太平，各种矛盾交织，错综复杂。恐世界并不太平，各种矛盾交织，错综复杂。恐世界并不太平，各种矛盾交织，错综复杂。恐世界并不太平，各种矛盾交织，错综复杂。恐怖袭击的危害上升，怖袭击的危害上升，怖袭击的危害上升，怖袭击的危害上升，难以预料和控制的自然灾害难以预料和控制的自然灾害难以预料和控制的自然灾害难以预料和控制的自然灾害时有发生，时有发生，时有发生，时有发生，跨国性的重大疫情等不时出现。跨国性的重大242、疫情等不时出现。跨国性的重大疫情等不时出现。跨国性的重大疫情等不时出现。The world is not peaceful,various The world is not peaceful,various contradictions are intertwined and complex.contradictions are intertwined and complex.Terrorist attacks are on the rise.Natural Terrorist attacks are on the rise.Natural disasters happened are dif243、ficult to predict disasters happened are difficult to predict and control,serious transnational epidemics and control,serious transnational epidemics occur from time to time.occur from time to time.p我国经济社会发展进入了一个关键时期，经济体制我国经济社会发展进入了一个关键时期，经济体制深刻变革深刻变革,社会结构深刻变动社会结构深刻变动,利益格局深刻调整利益格局深刻调整,人人们思想观念深刻变化；再加244、上国际上政治、经济、们思想观念深刻变化；再加上国际上政治、经济、军事、安全等因素相互交织，地缘、宗教和文化冲军事、安全等因素相互交织，地缘、宗教和文化冲突与政治经济矛盾相互作用，不稳定、不确定、不突与政治经济矛盾相互作用，不稳定、不确定、不安全因素增加。安全因素增加。Chinas economic and social development has entered a crucial period,with the features of profound changes on economic system,social structure,pattern of interests,and245、 peoples ideological views.The international political,economic,military,safety factors are intertwined,together with the interaction of geographical,religious and cultural conflicts and interaction between political and economic conflicts.Instability,uncertainty,insecurity will increase认真总结应对突发公共事件246、的经验教训Part II.Experience in handling outbreak public emergenciesPart II.Experience in handling outbreak public emergencies 我们党和政府在长期的执政治国实践中，积累了许多宝贵的应我们党和政府在长期的执政治国实践中，积累了许多宝贵的应对突发事件的历史经验，如战胜三年自然灾害、唐山大地震、对突发事件的历史经验，如战胜三年自然灾害、唐山大地震、“六六.四四”风波、成功应对风波、成功应对19981998年的亚洲金融危机、特大洪灾，年的亚洲金融危机、特大洪灾，20032003年以年以来247、抗击非典疫病、高致病性禽流感的斗争，积极稳妥地处置了一系来抗击非典疫病、高致病性禽流感的斗争，积极稳妥地处置了一系列自然灾害和事故灾难等。列自然灾害和事故灾难等。Our party and government has gained a lot of good Our party and government has gained a lot of good experiences during its longtime governance over this country,experiences during its longtime governance over this count248、ry,such as the winning of battles against 3 Years Disaster,such as the winning of battles against 3 Years Disaster,Tangshan Earthquake,6.4 Incident,1998 Asian Financial Tangshan Earthquake,6.4 Incident,1998 Asian Financial Crisis,big flooding,2003 SARS,Highly Pathogenic Avian Crisis,big flooding,200249、3 SARS,Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza/HPAI,and other natural disasters and accidents.Influenza/HPAI,and other natural disasters and accidents.应对突发公共事件的主要经验Major experience in handling the outbreak public Major experience in handling the outbreak public accidentsaccidents一是党中央、国务院的英明决策和坚强领导一是党中央、国250、务院的英明决策和坚强领导;Firstly,Firstly,due due to to bright bright decision decision and and strong strong leadership leadership of of the the central government;central government;二二是是社社会会主主义义制制度度和和我我们们的的政政治治优优势势、组组织织优优势势，全全国国上上下下建建立立了了统一领导、分级负责、条块结合、属地管理的应急管理工作格局；统一领导、分级负责、条块结合、属地管理的应急管理工作格局；Secondly,Second251、ly,due due to to the the socialist socialist system system and and our our political political and and structural structural advantage advantage and and emergency emergency response response working working layout layout of of consolidate consolidate leadership,leadership,different-ranking different252、-ranking responsibility,responsibility,industry-local industry-local management management combination,combination,and and administration administration regionalization.regionalization.应对突发公共事件的主要经验Major experience in handling the outbreak public Major experience in handling the outbreak public acci253、dentsaccidents三是依靠法制，依靠科学，依靠群众；三是依靠法制，依靠科学，依靠群众；Thirdly,Thirdly,due due to to dependence dependence on on the the legal legal system,system,science science and the people.and the people.四四是是充充分分发发挥挥三三支支队队伍伍的的作作用用。即即人人民民解解放放军军、武武警警部部队队和和预预备备役役民民兵兵；各各专专业业应应急急处处置置队队伍伍；厂厂矿矿企企业业职职工工和社区民众。和社区民众。Fourthly,F254、ourthly,due due to to the the function function of of three three troupes:troupes:Peoples Peoples Liberation Liberation Army,Army,Armed Armed Police Police Troops Troops and and reserve reserve militiaman;militiaman;emergency emergency response response teams teams from from all all professions;prof255、essions;working working staff staff from from factories factories and and mines mines and and people from communities.people from communities.应对突发公共事件的主要经验Major experience in handling the outbreak public Major experience in handling the outbreak public accidentsaccidents五五是是全全国国人人民民万万众众一一心心和和社社会会各各界256、界同同舟舟共共济济。伟伟大大的的民民族族精精神神万万众众一一心心、众众志志成成城城，团团结结互互助助、和和衷衷共共济济，迎迎难难而而上上、敢敢于于胜胜利利是是我我们们民民族族的的生生命命力力，凝凝聚聚力和创造力的不竭源泉。力和创造力的不竭源泉。Fifthly,Fifthly,due due to to the the uniting uniting and and helping helping spirit spirit from from all all walks walks of of life.life.The The great great ethosunity,ethosunit257、y,determination,determination,mutual mutual help help and and vigor vigor will will be be the the initiative initiative to to the the life,life,strength and creativeness of our nation.strength and creativeness of our nation.不断深化应急管理规律性的认识不断深化应急管理规律性的认识 Continuously deepen our acknowledgement of the 258、rules of emergency response management1.1.必须坚持预防为主、关口前移；必须坚持预防为主、关口前移；Insist on putting prevention first and making earlier Insist on putting prevention first and making earlier Insist on putting prevention first and making earlier Insist on putting prevention first and making earlier preventionprev259、entionpreventionprevention2.2.必须坚持立足基层、依靠群众；必须坚持立足基层、依靠群众；Insist on basing on the roots and depending on the peopleInsist on basing on the roots and depending on the peopleInsist on basing on the roots and depending on the peopleInsist on basing on the roots and depending on the people3.3.必须坚持信息先行、快260、速反应；必须坚持信息先行、快速反应；Insist on making quick communication and quick responseInsist on making quick communication and quick responseInsist on making quick communication and quick responseInsist on making quick communication and quick response不断深化应急管理规律性的认识不断深化应急管理规律性的认识 Continuously deepen our acknowled261、gement of the Continuously deepen our acknowledgement of the rules of emergency response managementrules of emergency response management4.4.必须坚持整合资源、强化能力；必须坚持整合资源、强化能力；Insist on integrating resources and strengthening ability Insist on integrating resources and strengthening ability5.5.必须坚持统一指挥、协同应262、对；必须坚持统一指挥、协同应对；Insist on unified leadership and coordinated response Insist on unified leadership and coordinated response6.6.必须坚持政府主导、社会参与。必须坚持政府主导、社会参与。Insist on governmental guidance and participation of Insist on governmental guidance and participation of whole society.whole society.切实加强应急能力建设切263、实加强应急能力建设Strengthen emergency response capacity buildingStrengthen emergency response capacity building 建立健全应急管理体系，加强指挥信息系统、应急物资保障、专建立健全应急管理体系，加强指挥信息系统、应急物资保障、专业救灾抢险队伍、应急标准体系以及运输、现场通讯保障等重点业救灾抢险队伍、应急标准体系以及运输、现场通讯保障等重点领域和重点项目的建设，健全重特大自然灾害发生后的社会动员领域和重点项目的建设，健全重特大自然灾害发生后的社会动员机制，提高处置突发公共事件的能力。机制，提高处置突发公共264、事件的能力。“十一五十一五”规划纲要规划纲要The emergency management system should be established and improved by strengthening the construction of key areas and key projects,such as,command information system,emergency material support system,professional disaster rescue team system,emergency standard system,the transpo265、rt and communications protection system,and so on.Social mobilization mechanism after extraordinary serious natural disaster should be improved and the capacity of handling emergent public accidents should be enhanced.-11th Five-Year plan outline 加强公共安全工作加强公共安全工作Strengthen public security work1.增强防灾266、减灾能力增强防灾减灾能力Strengthencapacityofdisasterreductionandmitigation2.提高安全生产水平提高安全生产水平Enhancethelevelofproductionsafety 3.保证饮食和用药安全保证饮食和用药安全Guaranteefoodanddrugsafety 4.维护国家安全和社会稳定维护国家安全和社会稳定Safeguardnationalsecurityandsocialstability5.强化应急体系建设强化应急体系建设Strengthentheemergencyresponsesystem “十一五十一五”规划纲要规划纲要 267、Outline of 11th Five Year Plan“十一五十一五”期间国家突发公共事件应急体系建期间国家突发公共事件应急体系建设规划设规划National construction planning on emergency National construction planning on emergency response system during the 11th Five-Year Plan response system during the 11th Five-Year Plan p展望展望展望展望2010201020102010年，我国基本形成统一指挥、结构合理、反268、年，我国基本形成统一指挥、结构合理、反年，我国基本形成统一指挥、结构合理、反年，我国基本形成统一指挥、结构合理、反应灵敏、运转高效、保障有力的国家突发公共事件应急应灵敏、运转高效、保障有力的国家突发公共事件应急应灵敏、运转高效、保障有力的国家突发公共事件应急应灵敏、运转高效、保障有力的国家突发公共事件应急体系，应急管理综合能力得到显著提高。体系，应急管理综合能力得到显著提高。体系，应急管理综合能力得到显著提高。体系，应急管理综合能力得到显著提高。Looking ahead in 2010,the emergency response system in Looking ahead in 201269、0,the emergency response system in China will be formed basically and the emergency management China will be formed basically and the emergency management capacity will be improved significantly.capacity will be improved significantly.p展展展展望望望望2020202020202020年年年年，我我我我国国国国的的的的应应应应急急急急体体体体制制制制、机机机机制制270、制制和和和和法法法法制制制制更更更更加加加加完完完完善善善善；全民族应对突发事件和风险的能力明显提高。全民族应对突发事件和风险的能力明显提高。全民族应对突发事件和风险的能力明显提高。全民族应对突发事件和风险的能力明显提高。Outlook Outlook 2020,2020,the the emergency emergency system,system,mechanism mechanism and and the the legal legal system system will will be be more more perfect;perfect;the the whole who271、le nations nations capacity capacity of of dealing with emergent accidents and risks are greatly improved.dealing with emergent accidents and risks are greatly improved.忧患意识忧患意识Consciousness Consciousness of of danger danger when when in in peace peace timetime责任意识责任意识Consciousness of responsibility272、Consciousness of responsibility大局意识大局意识Consciousness of overall situationConsciousness of overall situation创新意识创新意识Consciousness of innovationConsciousness of innovation科学意识科学意识Consciousness of scienceConsciousness of science全球意识全球意识Consciousness of globalizationConsciousness of globalization我我们们从从灾273、灾难难中中一一定定会会学学到到比比平平时时多多得得多多的的东东西西，一一定定会会懂懂得得比比平平时时多多得得多多的的道道理理，一一定定会会掌掌握握比比平平时时多多得得多多的的科科学学。让让我我们们团团结结起起来来，加加强强交交流流与与合合作作，为为建建立立中中国国特特色色的的应应急急体体系系，为构建和谐社会、和谐世界做出新的更大的贡献。为构建和谐社会、和谐世界做出新的更大的贡献。From the disaster,we will learn much more than usual,we will know the truth much more than usual,we will gras274、p more scientific than usual.Let us unite to strengthen exchanges and cooperation.Let us dedicate ourselves to the establishment of emergency response system with Chinese characteristics.Let us make greater contribution on building of a harmonious society and a harmonious world.和谐社会和谐社会Harmonious Society和谐世界和谐世界Harmonious World和平发展和平发展Peaceful Development谢谢大家Thank youTel：010 64463119Fax：01064209960S