1、危险隔离区培训,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,1,目录,如何识别危险隔离区 危险隔离区内气体风险的测试 危险隔离区的风险辨识 危险隔离区风险的控制 危险隔离区的进入及工作 如何计划并实施紧急营救,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,2,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,3,如何识2、别危险隔离区,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,4,本节内容:危险隔离区的定义危险隔离区的风险在危险隔离区内工作,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,5,什么是危险隔离区,危险隔离区的定义 有一个狭窄的或者受限制的进口或出口；它足够大，足以容纳一个工人进入并从事指派的任务；不是为员工的持续工作而设计的；任何满足上述条件的上部开口且深度大于4英尺（*0.3048m)的罐体或深坑也被定义为危3、险隔离区。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,6,危险隔离区的类型,储油罐（上部开口）脱脂槽体窖井通风管道（人要进入）锅炉Press pitsVessels,熔炉Vats下水道隧道、地道地窖、筒仓容器浸槽,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,7,危险隔离区的实例,桶仓,Vessels,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acident4、s are preventable,8,危险隔离区的风险,危险隔离区可能存在如下潜在风险：气体危险（缺氧，有毒等）；淹没危险（一般液体，特殊液体）；结构（锥形，球型等）；其它公认的危险或健康危险（如机械伤害）,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,9,气体危险,气体危险可能包括：氧气浓度低于19.5%或高于23.5%；可燃气体体积浓度达到爆炸极限；有毒气体或尘埃浓度超标；,各种燃气的爆炸极限（V%）,Health and safety is overriding priority All Ac5、idents are preventable,10,气体风险,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,11,淹没风险,淹没风险是指环境中存在某种液体（化学物质），可能导致员工淹没或窒息风险；或者液体的挥发可以导致危险。实例：冷冻液罐体；球形的井仓。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,12,结构风险,任何因为内部结构的原因肯能导致员工工作是风险的作业，包括：深井结构；倒锥形结构；如:沙斜道电梯6、井,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,13,其它风险,“其它风险”包括任何可能导致死亡或严重伤害的危险因素，比如说：高压蒸汽管路；危险隔离区中的自然 通风管道；机械风险；,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,14,危险隔离区的风险,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,15,危险隔离区目7、录,下面是一个厂区辨识的危险隔离区列表：,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,16,危险隔离区分布图,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,17,危险隔离区的警告标示,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,18,进入危险隔离区工作,如果必须进入危险隔离区工作，必须对所作的工作性质进行讨论：分8、析这些工作是否会导致严重的（或者潜在的）健康风险。你必须制定详细的计划和措施来保证进入工作人员的安全。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,19,即使气体环境是安全的，其他情况也可能导致作业时的风险。比如：不可靠的站立位置；光线太暗温度过高或作业空间太小；高噪音障碍物,进入危险隔离区工作,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,20,定义风险标示进入工作统计（目录,本节回顾,Health an9、d safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,21,危险隔离区气体风险的测试,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,22,本节内容:不同类型的检测危险隔离区内气体的设备；如何使用这些设备；如何记录检测数据；,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,23,什么导致了危险隔离区的气体危害?,导致危险隔离区气体危害风险的情况包10、括:氧气浓度过小或过大;可燃气体浓度超标或达到爆炸极限；有毒气体或蒸汽浓度超标；,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,24,气体风险,学习了危险隔离区气体风险的定义。回顾一下，下面几种情况可能造成气体风险：氧气浓度低于19.5%或高于23.5%；可燃气体、蒸汽或薄雾超过可燃极限的10%(LFL)；烟尘浓度超出允许爆漏的极限；有毒气体浓度超标；其它可能瞬间导致健康或安全风险的气体环境；(IDLH),Health and safety is overriding priority All Aci11、dents are preventable,25,气体风险,如果氧气浓度低于20.8，其它的气体间据了这些空间，我们必须检查是什么气体在起作用。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,26,危险隔离区气体浓度的测试,不能一直看或闻危险隔离区中的有毒气体或着可燃气或蒸汽。检测氧气的浓度也非常困难。所以，我们必须采用特殊的检测设备，在人员进入之前必须进行检测。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable12、,27,谁来测试?,检测人员根据不同的情况也会不同。所有的检测人员必须具有相应的资格。这些资格包括：危险隔离区进入的培训设备校准和测试操作技 能的培训,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,28,测试如何实施,工人进入危险隔离区之前，必须对气体进行检测。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,29,测试实施,测试内容包括：合适的氧气含量；可燃气体和爆炸性气体的浓度；有毒气体和蒸汽的浓度；,He13、alth and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,30,测试实施,各种气体的测试方法不同：氧气水平是测试百分比含量；可燃气体的浓度是测试从0%to 100%LFL有毒气体或蒸汽的测试是用PPM浓度来测试的。不同的气体 有不同的可接受的浓度范围：-硫化氢(20 ppm)-一氧化碳(50 ppm)-氟里昂-可允许暴露极限(1000 ppm),Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,31,测试练习,Health an14、d safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,32,设备,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,33,设备,本节内容包括:在危险隔离区工作时不同类型的安全设备；每种设备的使用,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,34,设备,有三种类型的危险隔离区的安全设备：预警设备；呼吸保护设备；营救设备。,Health and s15、afety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,35,设备的位置,不同的工厂存放和使用这些安全设备的位置和方法不同。一个好的方法就是用一个有轮的箱子，可以方便的运达工作现场。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,36,设备的维护,为了起到保护的作用，危险隔离区安全设备必须保持良好的状态。使用前要检查这些设备，使用后也要作检查，以保证使用时有效。,Health and safety is overriding priority16、 All Acidents are preventable,37,设备维护,如果你发现这些设备有问题:立即向主管汇报；去维修；有必要的话，重新配置。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,38,预警设备,警告信号,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,39,通信设备,运动监测:这种设备可以感知到人体的运动；对讲机。,Health and safety is overriding priorit17、y All Acidents are preventable,40,通风设备,通过鼓风保证空气流通:进入之前工作时，鼓风装置要放置在靠近入口的地方。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,41,便携灯具,很多危险隔离区的光线很弱，甚至是黑暗的.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,42,防静电工具,当危险隔离区中存在可燃性气体时，比须使用防静电的工具。,Health and safety i18、s overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,43,呼吸设备,它是一个装有通气管子的面具，它可以持续的为工人提供可供呼吸的面具。管子不要长于300英尺；气体供应必须在危险隔里区之外。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,44,个体呼吸设备(SCBA),它包括:面具气罐和携带系统；控制管调节器,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,45,19、空气洁净设备,它包括:防尘呼吸器防毒呼吸器防化学品伤害呼吸器强力空气洁净呼吸器,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,46,检索系统,检索系统是指在紧急情况下把人从危险隔离区中营救出来的系统它包括：全身安全带；安全绳索；机械提升装置；腕套（必要时）。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,47,营救设备,Full Body harness,Lifeline,Health and safety 20、is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,48,营救设备,Lanyards,Fall arrest devices,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,49,营救设备,这是一个机械营救装置.它用在工人需要进入上部开口的危险隔离区进入时。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,50,灭火器,如果有火灾危险时进入危险隔离区需要带灭火器21、材。进入的主管人员根据情况决定是否需要带入灭火器材。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,51,监控,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,52,监控,本节内容：气体危险报警环境监测设备,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,53,气体危险报警,准确的识别危险隔离区内的有毒气体时非常重要的，22、监控这些气体的指标也非常重要。获取气体性质的准确信息，你可以：物料安全数据单；安全使用指导；产品标签.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,54,不安全气体的预警信号,多汗难闻气味.喉咙干燥心律变化动作迟缓膝软乏力迷失方向视线模糊等,耳鸣嘴唇有甜味胸闷突然的皮肤紧崩身体失稳呼吸急促Exaggerated sense of feeling good,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,55,23、监测标准实践,观看VCD，看几个危险隔离区进入工作的实例。每一个实例中都是在不安全的气体环境中工作的一种预警信号，看VCD的时候，回答问题。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,56,危险隔离区进入工作组,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,57,危险隔离区进入工作组,本节内容包括:危险隔离区进入的工作任务每项工作的职责分配,Health and safety is overriding 24、priority All Acidents are preventable,58,危险隔离区进入工作组,团队合作很重要，因为在危险隔离区中工作时，你的安全与队友们非常关联.队伍中每个人都应该知道:紧急电话（联系方式）；气体测试的合适人选；谁来从事进入工作；进入工作的安全所必须具备的条件。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,59,培训,危险隔离区的进入人员和相关支持人员必须经过充分的培训。除了进入培训，还应该包括：血液感染控制坠落防护能量控制锁定Lockout/Energy control现25、场急救的基础知识信息交流与营救技巧心肺复苏其它要求的培训,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,60,危险隔离区进入队员的职责,危险隔离区进入工作的人员有三种进本的角色：进入主管；授权的进入工作者(s)营救人员(s),Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,61,进入主管,职责:决定此危险隔离区的进入计划是否可以实施；授权进入；监督进入操作；中止进入操作,Health and safety is26、 overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,62,进入主管的职责,清楚进入的风险：包括信息，信号报警，和暴露的危险。进入前确认条件是否符合要求；检查并核实适当的计划已制定并且相应的测试已实施。确认所有的程序和设备均已具备并符合要求，并做出确认许可。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,63,进入主管的职责,确认营救措施和通信方式是否可操作。通知所有的进入人员和监护人员清楚面临的风险和可接受的进入条件；在进入操作时，若发现进入条件有问题或27、本班次结束时，终止并取消授权许可。取消已经进入或试图进入所有未经授权操作。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,64,进入主管的职责,确保进入的实际操作与已审批的许可相吻合；当职责转移给其它的进入主管时，保证进入条件可接受。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,65,授权进入人员(s),授权进入者是由进入主管授权的进入经许可的危险隔离区的人。授权进入者将完成下面的工作：检测气体状态；完成维28、修任务；清洁！实施总体维护！,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,66,授权进入人员(s),负责自测，使用测试仪器测试现场和个人的状态；须要测试对热、受限区域和呼吸方面的约束。清楚任何由环境造成的身体反映、信号、特征方面的影响。警惕其它可能对环境造成影响的因素。提醒监护人注意危险隔离区内周围环境的变化。与监护人保持联系.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,67,授权进入人员,如果感觉到或29、者发现危险隔离区内的环境变化等异常情况应立即通知监护人并迅速撤离。出现下列情况时退出危险隔离区:-接到监护人或者进入主管的命令；-发现暴露风险的信号或征兆；-接到撤离信号。合理的使用各种设备。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,68,监护人,监护人是指由进入主管授权的在危险隔离区外进行监视工作的人。他们的职责是保证授权进入者的安全。监护人必须接受良好的关于危险隔离区的监视和紧急营救的流程的培训。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Ac30、idents are preventable,69,监护人的职责,清楚危险隔离区进入的风险；能够识别出区域内不正常情况的信号和征兆；知晓进入危险隔离区人员的名单并有进入许可上的名单上有他的名字；与授权进入者保持通信联系；监视危险隔离区内外的环境变化；保证未经授权进入的人员远离危险隔离区。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,70,监护人的职责,有异常情况发生时，命令授权进入者退出危险隔离区。紧急情况下可以寻求以下帮助：-紧急救援电话“1111”；-对讲机直接通知紧急救助人员-二级监护人。在没31、有二级监护的情况下不要离开或者试图自行到危险隔离区内救人；必要时，实施营救。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,71,二级监护,有时，进入主管需要指定一名二级监护人。二级监护人可以是在危险隔离区附近工作的人员。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,72,二级监护的职责,参与救援计划的制定；知晓危险隔离区紧急营救的流程；在监护人寻求帮助时，立即赶到；根据规定，在紧急情况下行使职责；在监护人32、进入危险隔离区实施营救时，行使监护人的职责。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,73,许可系统,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,74,许可系统,本节提供以下信息:危险隔离进入许可及其包含的内容；The confined space entry permit and the information it contains危险隔离区进入许可前的准备工作；Preparing and iss33、uing entry permits进入危险隔离区，必要的防范和流程Precautions and procedures necessary for your safety in a confined space,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,75,进入许可,进入许可的内容包括An entry permit include:危险隔离区的位置和详细情况The location and description of the space to be entered；进入目的和工作内容的描述T34、he purpose of the entry and a description of work；日期和在危险隔离区内工作持续的时间The date and authorized duration of the entry permit；授权进入者的姓名The name of the authorized attendants；监护人的姓名The name of the attendant(s)in the space；进入主管领导的签字；The name of the entry leader for the space operation(including their signatur35、e)；危险隔离区进入的风险描述The hazard of the permit space to be entered；,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,76,进入许可,控制及消除进入风险的措施The measures used to isolate the permit space and to eliminate or control hazards before entry；允许进入的条件The acceptable entry conditions；有资质的人员对危险隔离区内气体36、条件测试的结果，包括测试的日期和测试人的详细信息The result of initial and periodic atmospheric tests performed by a qualified person.This include the date when tests were performed and the name or initials of the person who performed the tests；如何紧急救助（如救助设备的使用及求助电话）The rescue and emergency services that can be summoned and 37、the means(such as the equipment to use and the numbers to call)for summoning those services；,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,77,进入许可,进入过程中，授权进入者和监护人的通讯方式The communication procedures used by authorized entrants and attendants to maintain contact during the entry；38、进入此危险隔离区须准备的设备如The equipment to be used at the permit space,such as:-个人防护用品 personal protective equipment-测试设备testing equipment-通讯设备communications equipment-报警系统alarm systems-医疗救护设备rescue equipment that includes a Bloodborne Pathogens Spill Kit,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents a39、re preventable,78,进入许可,说明此危险隔离区是否是经过识别确认的，如果是，必须提供操作流程及必须准备的物资。A notation that specifies whether the space is certified for alternative procedures.If the space is certified,the alternative procedures in use and the type of ventilation equipment to be used must note；如果有其它保证进入者安全的信息，请详细提供。Any other in40、formation which is necessary to ensure worker safety,given the circumstances of the particular confined space；任何其它的危险（如高温作业）均须经过许可Any additional permit(such as hot work)that have been issued to authorized work in the permit space。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable41、,79,许可系统,在进入许可最终被批准前，进入主管必须完成一份符合流程的完整的进入此危险隔离区的进入急救措施的文本性文件。Before entry is authorized,the entry supervisor MUST document the completing of all measures required by the Confined Space Entry Program.This is accomplished by preparing an entry permit。进入前，进入主管要在进入许可上签字，并且该进入许可进能够在许可上标明的时间和地点使用，换班时必须重新审42、批。Before entry begins,the entry supervisor identified on the permit MUST sign the entry permit to authorized entry.The entry permit shall be valid for only the time required to perform the specified work and for the location and time listed.There is a one(1)shift maximum time period.A new permit mus43、t be issued at the beginning of a new shift for entry work to continue.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,80,许可系统,完整的进入许可必须在进入前由所有的进入者和监护人学习并张贴在该危险隔离区的入口处。The completed permit MUST be reviewed with all authorized entrants and attendants prior to entry.The permit m44、ust be posted at the entrance to the space.下列情况，进入主管必须终止进入工作并取消作业许可The entry supervisor MUST terminate entry and cancel the entry permit when:-许可上涵盖的工作已完成the entry operations covered by the entry permit have been completed,-轮班the shift ends,or-超出许可范围a condition,(HAZARD)that is not allowed under the 45、entry permit arises,in or near the permit space.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,81,许可系统,按照危险隔离区管理程序的规定，所有危险隔离区进入许可的文件至少要保存一年。Every GM facility MUST retain each canceled entry permit for at least one year to facilitate the review of the permit-required Confined 46、Space Entry Program.注意：所有进入操作过程中遇到的问题必须记录在进入许可上。CAUTION:Any problems encountered during an entry operation MUST be noted on the entry permit.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,82,附加许可,危险隔离区内有些活动需要附加的许可，如：高温作业，包括焊接、切割、烘烤，这些操作会：Additional permits are sometime requir47、ed for certain activities in a confined space.These activities include“hot work”.Hot work involves welding,cutting,or burning.These activities may:使危险隔离区内迅速产生有毒气体Quickly fill a confined space with toxic welding fumes消耗氧气Deplete the oxygen supply改变危险隔离区内气体成分，如易燃易爆气体Displace the oxygen with flammable 48、gases制造浓氧环境Create an oxygen-enriched environment,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,83,附加许可,当进行下列操作时须特别注意Special precautions must be used when you performed these task.须持续通风Always ventilate the space；戴呼吸器防止吸入焊接烟尘Wear an approved supplied-air respirator to prevent b49、reathing the welding fumes；注意氧气含量和油箱容器，防止泄露时发生爆炸Keep oxygen and fuel tanks outside the space.This avoids contaminating the space if leaks occur；禁止烟火，一个很小的泄露可能都有可能引起易燃易爆气体或纯氧充斥而发生爆炸Always turn off o torch at the tanks.A small leak could quickly fill the space with flammable gas or pure oxygen。,Health50、 and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,84,附加许可,工作完成后立即将火源取走，包括休息时间、午饭时间或者其它操作者不在隔离区内的时间。Remove the torch from the space as soon as the job complete.Also remove the torch during breaks,lunch and any other times that you will be away from the space焊接完毕取下所有的电极以防人离开时发生危险When arc51、 welding,remove all electrodes from the holders.Carefully store the holders.This avoids any accident contact during times that you will be away from the space.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,85,营救计划,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are prev52、entable,86,营救计划,本单元将讲述This unit will prepare you to:讲解危险隔离区紧急救援计划Formulate an emergency rescue plan确保计划的可行性Make sure that your plan works,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,87,为何要有营救计划,当紧急情况发生时，是没有时间做营救计划的。进入前制定可行的营救计划非常关键When an emergency occurs,there is not time 53、to plan a rescue.It is critical to develop a rescue plan BEFORE you enter a confined space。,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,88,营救和紧急服务,紧急救援小组由下列人员组成The rescue team consists of people who are designated to perform rescue service during confined space emergencies.54、Rescue team may include:安保人员Plant security医疗救护人员Medical Personnel消防人员Fire Bridge Members当地消防机构Local Fire Department其它外部救援服务Outside Rescue Services,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,89,营救队伍,营救工作须满足下列条件The following requirements MUST be met before anyone can enter c55、onfined space to perform rescue service.保证个人防护用具及紧急救护设备设施的齐全和合理使用，保证所有的救护人员经过以经过培训Each GM facility must ensure that every member of the rescue team is provided with personal protective equipment and rescue equipment necessary to make rescues from confined space.All members of the team must be traine56、d to properly use this equipment.救援小组的所有人员均接受过紧急救援培训且接受过危险隔离区进入的培训Each member of the rescue team MUST be trained to perform the assigned rescue duties and MUST also receive CONFINED SPACE ENTRY training.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,90,营救队伍,紧急救援小组人员每年必须至少进行一次57、救援演习，演习时可以选择比较典型的危险隔离区Each member of the rescue team MUST practice making confined space rescues at least once every 12 months.Practice may consist of simulated rescue operations in which team members remove dummies,mannequins or actual persons from real or representative permit spaces.小组成员必须接受紧急救护培58、训和自救培训Each members of the rescue team MUST be trained in basic First-Aid and in cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)Each member of the rescue team MUST attend Blodborne Pathogens Training Program.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,91,紧急营救,紧急情况下，救援小组人员将使用如下几种救援程序In t59、he even of an emergency,rescue personnel will use one of the following rescue procedures.非进入救援Non-entry Rescue,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,92,紧急营救,进入救援Rescue by Entry,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,93,营救计划,救援计划包含的基本信息Th60、is basic information of rescue plan includes:进入日期Date of entry进入时间Time of entry危险隔离区进入小组成员名单Names of workers assigned to the confined space team紧急救援的困难因素Any obstacles that would hamper a rescue救护设备Rescue equipment for this confined space最近的固定电话Location of the nearest telephone急救电话号码Emergency phone n61、umber救援小组中可以实施急救的人员名单Name of the team member who is currently certified in basic First-Aid and CPR,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,94,营救计划,救援计划制定后会发生三种情况As soon as the rescue plan is written,three things should happen.进入主管审核The Entry Supervisor reviews the writt62、en plan with the:-急救小组（包括监护人）rescue team(including the attendant)-二级监护人The secondary attendant,if designated,and-授权进入者the authorized entrants所有成员清楚各自在进入工作和紧急救护时的职责，并清楚其它人员的职责All team members must be sure they understand their own duties during the rescue procedure.They also must understand the dutie63、s of every other crew member.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,95,营救计划,所有的救护设备均已带到工作现场并且出于良好的工作状态All necessary rescue equipment is brought to the job site and is in good working order.The MOST important factor in a successful rescue is to keep calm.,保持冷静!,Health 64、and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,96,准备营救设备,计划制定好后，要准备必要的救护设备，至少要具备When the rescue plan is completed,you should prepare the equipment required for the job you are doing.At a minimum,you will need:安全绳Lifelines全身安全带Full body harnesses自锁系统A retrieval system个人用呼吸器A self-cont65、ained breathing apparatus(SCBA)进入者必须穿戴全身防护服The attendant MUST be wearing a full body harness.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,97,工作实践,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,98,工作实践,本单元将讲述This unit provides information about:进入操作时必须66、遵守预先制定好的每一个步骤Specific steps which must be followed during a confined space entry operation,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,99,危险隔离区进入,准备、进入、撤离和进入危险隔离区工作的过程大致可分为4个步骤：制定进入前的作业计划准备进入需要的人员、设备实施进入工作终止进入工作,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are prev67、entable,100,做好进入前计划,步骤 1识别进入的危险隔离区及进入目的步骤 2测试该危险隔离区的气体步骤 3识别工作区域的环境，须要的设备及要用到的材 Identify the nature of the work,type of equipment and materials to be use on the job步骤 4识别工作过程中活动的风险Identify any hazards or potential hazards that may be present in the space or develop from the work activity.步骤 5确定进入工作的68、流程以消除和控制风险Determine the methods and procedures to be used to eliminate or control the identified hazards.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,101,做好进入前准备,步骤6形成书面的紧急救援计划Develop a written rescue plan步骤 7确定进入的人员要求，可能包含一个二级监护人Determine the personnel requirements of the 69、confined space team.This may include a secondary attendant.步骤 8张贴进入许可并与所有人员对进入的准备工作进行检查Issue and post the entry permit.Review the entry operation with all involved personnel.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,102,准备进入的空间,进入前检查危险隔离区及周围区域需要5个步骤There are five steps r70、equired to prepare the space and the area around the space for entry.Step 1 检查并汇总完成任务所需的设备及安全注意点Gather and inspect the equipment that will be used for the task and for safety precautions。Step 2 设立必须的安全设备，包括安全警示安全绳安全自锁等Set up equipment that will be used for safety precautions.This includes barricadin71、g the opening and positioning the retrieval system,if required.Step 3 给危险隔离区通风并封锁必要的区域，如果有要求锁定的能源，需要进行锁定。Ventilate the space and blank off lines where necessary.Lock out energy sources,if required.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,103,准备进入的空间,Step 4 穿戴好个人防护用品包括Pu72、t on any personal protective equipment that is required.This includes:-呼吸器respirator equipment-全身安全带full body harness-安全绳lifelines-硬质安全贸hard hats-其它进入需要的个人防护设备 any other equipment specified by the Entry Supervisor or your facilitys Confined Space Entry ProgramStep 5 与所有进入成员回顾进入操作Review the entry ope73、ration with all team members.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,104,实施进入操作-5步,Step 1 监护人帮助进入者进入。监护人可能从事其它活动，如给进入着递工具，但是这些操作必须在不违背监护职责的前提下做。The attendant assists the entrants as they enter the space.The attendant also may perform other activities,such as passing to74、ols to entrants.However,these other activities may not interfere with the primary responsibility of monitoring the safety of the entrants；Step 2 进入者实施进入操作，但必须时刻注意观察危险隔离区内各项自然条件的变化 The entrants perform the work specified on the permit.Entrants must be aware of any unusual physical reactions that may 75、be caused by the environment in the space.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,105,实施进入操作-5步,Step 3 监护人时刻与进入者保持联系，保证各项条件再受控中。如果有被禁止的条件出现，立即通知进入着离开危险隔离区The attendant maintains continuous contact with the entrants.The attendant must ensure that all procedure required 76、for acceptable entry conditions are maintained.If any problems or prohibited conditions are notice,the attendant must order all entrants to exit the space；Step 4 监护人必须时刻注意进入许可的要求在（如对气体环境的测试）The attendant monitors any other required activities(such as continuous atmosphere testing)specified on the pe77、rmit；Step 5 帮助进入者离开危险隔离区The attendant assists the entrants as they exit the space.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,106,结束操作-7步,Step 1通知进入着工作已完成Notify the appropriate people that the job is completed；Step 2收集安全警示设备等Gather up all equipment used for the task and fo78、r safety precautions；Step 3如有必要，保护进入口Secure the opening to the space,if necessary；Step 4检查并清洁设备，报告设备的损坏情况Clean and inspect all equipment.Report ant wear or damage；Step 5重新配置所有的呼吸器或指定责任人Recharge any air tanks used during the entry operation.Or,notify persons who are responsible for recharging them,He79、alth and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,107,结束操作-7步,Step 6将所有的设备放回原处Return all equipment to the proper storage area.Step 7将进入许可交还给进入主管，并反馈进入操作中遇到的问题Return all entry permit to the Entry Supervisor.Discuss any problems encountered during the entry operation.,Health and safe80、ty is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,108,紧急抢救,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,109,紧急抢救,本单元讲述In this unit you will：回顾急救技术Review emergency rescue techniques；回顾急救设备准备Review preparation of rescue equipment；救护演习Practice for an emergency rescue。,Heal81、th and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,110,准备救护设备,检查并确保所有的救护设备状态良好Check ALL equipment to see that is in good working order；检查进入操作者的安全带，安全绳等是否调整至有效状态Check the authorized entrants full body harness for proper adjustment and to see that the lifeline is securely attached；检查监护人82、是否佩戴全身安全带，必要时进入危险隔离区抢救Check to see that the attendant is wearing a full body harness,so that the attendant can enter the confined space if it becomes necessary；确保紧急情况下监护人的捆带可用Make sure the straps on the attendants SCBA are fully loosened so that it can be put on quickly。,Health and safety is overrid83、ing priority All Acidents are preventable,111,准备抢救设备,确保监护人的安全绳可以拿到并且好用Be sure that the attendants lifeline is out and ready for use；当使用机械升降装置时确保自锁装置好用Set up the retrieval system with a mechanical lifting device；确保紧急救援时所需的设备全部在现场并且好用Make sure that all other equipment specified for an emergency rescue84、 on the confined space entry job is at the site and ready for use记住紧急救援电话的位置，并让寻求救援的人记住紧急救援电话的号码Record the telephone numbers of people to contact for emergency assistance.Give the numbers to the person who has been designated to get help.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are pre85、ventable,112,紧急抢救的步骤,监护人联系进入者，看是否一切正常The attendant signals the entrant to see if everything is all right.如果没有回应，监护人要If there is no response from the entrant,the attendant:-通知二级监护人（如果有）打电话寻求预先准备好的支援gets the secondary attendant(if there is one)to call the pre-arranged emergency contact or；-直接寻求支援calls86、 for assistance directly；3.打完救援电话，二级监护人（如果有）加入实施紧急救援计划 After calling the emergency contact,the secondary attendant(if there is one)joins the attendant to help implement the rescue plan；,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,113,紧急抢救的步骤,监护人穿戴设备准备进入The attendant puts on87、 rescue equipment and prepares to enter the confined space；二级监护取代监护人，并监护营救任务The secondary attendant takes the attendants place and monitors the space during the rescue attempt；监护人和救援小组实施非进入救援。如果不能做，实施进入救援。The attendant and other emergency help attempt to rescue the entrant without entering the confi88、ned space.If they are unable to do so,then the rescue team must enter the confined space to carry out the rescue.,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,114,程序如何实施？,成立危险隔离区工作委员会Set up confined space committee consist of Paint shop(Champion),CPS,GA shop,Press shop,Kirwa89、n(Cleaning Service Provider),shop safety rep and Safety Engineer。目标Objective 审核进入程序及实施To review and set up confined space procedure for implementation；确认危险隔离区并粘贴标示To identify confined space area and post confined space sign；安排各部门准备适当的危险隔离区紧急救援设备To arrange proper confined space equipment keep in the 90、cart 危险隔离区培训To training T/Ms who work in the confined space area 确保所有的人危险隔离区工作的安全To ensure everybody will work safely at confined space area；,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,115,危险隔离区手推车上的设备,1.通风设备Ventilation fan1 Set2.通风管Ventilation hoses2 Set3.可燃气体测试设备Explosion proof portable lighting2 Set4.电源Electrical extension 2 set5.路障Barricade 1 Set6.Orange cone？5 Pieces7.灭火器Fire extinguisher 1 Set,Health and safety is overriding priority All Acidents are preventable,116,