1、TOPIC GUIDESUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGImprintAbout:This Topic Guide has been developed in the framework of the NOVELOG project,being funded by the European Unions Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under Grant Agreement no 636626(NOVELOG)Title:Sustainable Urban Logistics Plannin2、gAuthors:Dr.Georgia Aifandopoulou(NOVELOG Project Coordinator Research Director Deputy Director HIT,Head of Unit“Smart Sustainability-Freight Transport and Networks)Elpida Xenou(Head of Novelog Project Office,Research Associate in HIT/CERTH,Laboratory B4:Intelligent intermodal Freight transport and 3、logistics)Reviewers:Mans Lindberg,Frederic RudolphAcknowledgement:This publication was made possible thanks to the contributions provided by organizations involved in the HORIZON 2020 European project NOVELOG,all of whom are credited for their respective contributions.Disclaimer:The views expressed 4、in this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors named and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission.Copyright:All images in this publication are the property of the organisations or individuals credited.The content of this publication may be replicated and built 5、upon.Cover picture:City of Graz/Fuhrwerk(in the frame of Novelog Project)Contacts:European CommissionDirectorate-General for Mobility and TransportUnit C.1-Clean transport&sustainable urban mobilityRue Jean-Andre de Mot 28B-1049 BrusselsJune 2019Contents1 Executive summary .72 Introduction .8 2.1 Ex6、isting regulatory framework on sustainable and efficient urban logistics.8 2.2 The role of urban logistics in the existing Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan(SUMP).9 2.3 Urban logistics:concept and main challenges.93 The 8 SUMP principle in the context of a sustainable urban logistics plan .11 4 Sustai7、nable urban mobility planning steps for SULP development .15 4.1 Considerations for SULP development approach .15 4.2 SULP implementation steps&recommendations .16 Phase 1:Preparation&analysis .16 Step 1:Set up working structures .16 SULP activity 1.1:Create inter-departmental core team&consider get8、ting external support .16 SULP activity 1.2:Ensure political and institutional ownership&plan stakeholder and citizen involvement 17 SULP activity 1.3:Evaluate capacities and resources .17 Step 1 checklist .19 Step 2:Define the development process and scope of the plan .19 SULP activity 2.1:Assess p9、lanning requirements and define geographic scope(“functional urban area”).19 SULP activity 2.2:Link with other planning processes .20 SULP activity 2.3:Involve the stakeholders in the planning process .20 SULP activity 2.4:Agree time plan and work plan .21 Step 2 checklist .21 Step 3:Analyse the cur10、rent UFT situation.21 SULP activity 3.1:Identify information sources and cooperate with data owners .21 SULP activity 3.2:Analyse problems and opportunities .22 Step 3 checklist .23 Phase 2:Strategy development .23 Step 4:Build and jointly assess scenarios .23 SULP activity 4.1:Develop scenarios wit11、h citizens and stakeholders.23 SULP activity 4.2:Discuss scenarios with citizens and stakeholders .24 Step 4 checklist .24 Step 5:Develop vision and objectives with stakeholders .24 SULP activity 5.1:Co-create common vision with citizens and stakeholders .24 SULP activity 5.2:Agree objectives addres12、sing key problems and all modes .24 Step 5 checklist .24 Step 6:Set targets and indicators .25 SULP activity 6.1:Identify indicators for all objectives and agree on measurable targets .25 Step 6 checklist .25 Phase 3:Measure planning .25 Step 7:Select measure packages with stakeholders .25 SULP acti13、vity 7.1:Create and assess measures with stakeholders&define integrated measure packages .25 SULP activity 7.2:Plan measure evaluation and monitoring .26 Step 7 checklist .26 Step 8:Agree actions and responsibilities .27 SULP activity 8.1:Describe all actions .27 SULP activity 8.2:Identify funding s14、ources and capacities .27 SULP activity 8.3:Agree priorities,responsibilities and timeline .28 SULP activity 8.4:Ensure wide political and public support .28 Step 8 checklist .285 List of references .296 Annexes .31 Annex I:Aggregated SUMP process for SULP.31 Annex II:UFT data&surveys.35 Annex III:U15、FT city typology&toolkit for finding UFT measures.43 Annex IV:UFT best practices.45List of tablesList of figuresTable 1 Example of different types of UFT Business Models.27Table 2 SULPs Implementation Steps.Comparison with the SUMP process.33Table 3 Data to be collected per UFT aspect(Allen and Brow16、ne,2008).35Table 4 Urban freight survey techniques(Allen and Browne,2008;Allen,Browne and Cherrett,2012).37Figure 1 Updated SUMP cycle.15Figure 2 SULP process:Phase 1.16Figure 3 Turins stakeholder mix of UFTs MSP.17Figure 4 Example of ITS and planning tools in Pisa.18Figure 5 Example of a Data Colle17、ction Framework(NOVELOG 2015,D2.1).19Figure 6 Partnership agreement during the implementation of Copenhagens Freight Network&MSP.19Figure 7 Example of a consensus building process.20Figure 8 Minimum dataset for describing UFT characteristics(NOVELOG project,2015).21Figure 9 List of UFT influencing f18、actors.22Figure 10 List of UFT City Characteristics.22Figure 11 SULP process:Phase 2.23Figure 12 Example of Grazs results on building scenarios on the areas of future intervention following the 3-step consensus building process.24Figure 13 Example of the process followed in the correspondent Evaluat19、ion Framework.25Figure 14 SULP process Phase 3.25Figure 15 Example of UFT measures Databases.26Figure 16 SULP cycle integrated within SUMP.32Figure 17 Structure of a poly-parametric Typology.43Figure 18 Dashboard of NOVELOG Toolkits Database.44Figure 19 CIVITAS UFT measures typology as illustrated i20、n CIVITAS Wiki consortium(2015).456TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGGUIDE TO THE READER Guide to the readerThis document provides guidance on a specific topic related to Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning(SUMP).It is based on the concept of SUMP,as outlined by the European Commission21、s Urban Mobility Package1 and described in detail in the European SUMP Guidelines(second edition)2.Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning is a strategic and integrated approach for dealing with the complexity of urban transport.Its core goal is to improve accessibility and quality of life by achieving 22、a shift towards sustainable mobility.SUMP advocates for fact-based decision making guided by a long-term vision for sustainable mobility.As key components,this requires a thorough assessment of the current situation and future trends,a widely supported common vision with strategic objectives,and an 23、integrated set of regulatory,promotional,financial,technical and infrastructure measures to deliver the objectives whose implementation should be accompanied by reliable monitoring and evaluation.In contrast to traditional planning approaches,SUMP places particular emphasis on the involvement of cit24、izens and stakeholders,the coordination of policies between sectors(transport,land use,environment,economic development,social policy,health,safety,energy,etc.),and a broad cooperation across different layers of government and with private actors.This document is part of a compendium of guides and b25、riefings that complement the newly updated second edition of the SUMP Guidelines.They elaborate difficult planning aspects in more detail,provide guidance for specific contexts,or focus on important policy fields.Two types of documents exist:While Topic Guides provide comprehensive planning recommen26、dations on established topics,Practitioner Briefings are less elaborate documents addressing emerging topics with a higher level of uncertainty.Guides and briefings on how to address the following topics in a SUMP process are published together with the second edition of the SUMP Guidelines in 2019:27、Planning process:Participation;Monitoring and evaluation;Institutional cooperation;Measure selection;Action planning;Funding and financing;Procurement.Contexts:Metropolitan regions;Polycentric regions;Smaller cities;National support.Policy fields:Safety;Health;Energy(SECAPs);Logistics;Walking;Cyclin28、g;Parking;Shared mobility;Mobility as a Service;Intelligent Transport Systems;Electrification;Access regulation;Automation.They are part of a growing knowledge base that will be regularly updated with new guidance.All the latest documents can always be found in the Mobility Plans section of the Euro29、pean Commissions urban mobility portal Eltis(www.eltis.org).1 Annex 1 of COM(2013)912 Rupprecht Consult-Forschung&Beratung GmbH(editor),2019Guidelines for Developing and Implementing a Sustainable Urban MobilityPlan,Second Edition.TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING7EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Ex30、ecutive summary Following the official SUMP guidelines developed by the European Platform on Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans and published by ELTIS in 2013,lessons have been learned and new policy challenges have emerged regarding the urban mobility planning in various EU-funded and/or National pro31、jects related to Sustainable mobility.Therefore,the existing SUMP concept is being updated with additional information based on practical experience,new trends and new good practices in order to form a more comprehensive guidance for SUMPs development.Therefore,revised SUMP guidelines have been deve32、loped in an attempt to capitalize on the knowledge and the experience gained in recent years in developing and implementing SUMPs in European cities.One of the issues that has to be addressed in this attempt of attempted update and evolvement is the effective and efficient distribution of goods in c33、ities,in the context of a sustainable mobility policy.Developing Sustainable Urban Logistic Plans(SULPs),in line with the cities SUMPs,has been the solution followed by some of the cities.The need to allocate special consideration to Sustainable Urban Logistics Planning is confirmed by both public a34、nd private stakeholders.Urban Freight Transport is a main contributor to congestion and pollution of the cities city centres,but also a fast-developing industry paramount for the growth of the cities economic activities.Urban freight transportation(UFT)planning is a complex process,and Public author35、ities generally have less knowledge about and capacity regarding specific issues than concerning passengers mobility,while private companies which are involved in organizing and implementing urban freight distribution have knowledge of the technical aspects of the subject.The complexity of a sustain36、able planning process is even greater since the process should a)involve a variety of private actors from a very fragmented environment with different and often conflicting needs and goals,b)achieve balance between the industrial requirement for high efficiency&and low-cost operations,and societal r37、equirements for low CO2 and high safety and sustainability.As a result of the above factors,it is therefore challenging to achieve actors collaboration and participation in this planning process and to conclude upon measures that can be successful and largely adopted in different urban contexts.In t38、he context of the above,this topic guide on SULP development aims to provide authorities with a framework for a proper implementation of actions,in the context of the SUMP development,for efficiently addressing the challenges and achieving development of a sustainable urban logistics policy and plan39、 which will result in the future sustainability expectations of a city being met.In an effort to provide practical support to readers,this document also provides the best practices of tools,methods and techniques that can be used in several of the 7 steps of the revised SUMP process,together with th40、e measures and interventions for best practices.8TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGINTRODUCTIONIntroduction 2.1.Existing regulatory framework on sustainable and efficient urban logisticsThe European Union has defined specific policies and guidelines and has begun promoting dedicated to41、ols and platforms for addressing the Urban Freight Transportation(UFT)challenges.In the 2011 White Paper3,a clear strategy for near zero emission urban logistics by 2030 was set by the EU,which was followed by several supportive initiatives towards that direction,including the Urban Mobility Package42、(UMP)4,the Low Emission Strategy of 2016,and the three Mobility packages of 2017 and 2018.Moving in that direction,the EU stresses,in the 2011 White Paper as well as in the Staff Working Document5 accompanying the Urban Mobility Package(UMP)2,the significance of using Intelligent Transport Systems(I43、TS)for optimizing the last mile distribution,which aims at the complete digitalization of urban freight mobility.This initiative is being supported by the ITS Directive6,the establishment of expert working groups(WG17 on Urban-ITS,CEN/TC 278 and the Digital Transport and Logistics Forum(DTLF).The ef44、ficient interconnection of long distance and last mile transportation,through the implementation of urban nodes(being the starting point or the final destination-first/last mile)for passengers and freight moving on the trans-European transport network,is also one of the priorities of the EU.Moreover45、,the implementation of measures such as off-peak hours deliveries7,the deployment of alternative fuels 3 European Commission(2011),White Paper,Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area-Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system,COM(2011)144 final4 European Commission(2013b)Urban46、 mobility package.COM(2013)913 _final5 European Commission(2013a)A call to action on urban logistics.SWD(2013)524 final6 European Parliament,2010.Directive 2010/40/EU of the European parliament and of the council.Official Journal of the European Union,50,p.207.7 European Commission(2013),Staff Worki47、ng Document,A call for smarter urban vehicle access regulations,Brussels,SWD(2013)526 finalinfrastructure8,and the use of clean freight vehicles9,10 were also recommended.The latest initiative of the EU on tackling the main UFT challenges and providing clear assistance to the local policy makers was48、 undertaken in 2018 with the publication of a study on urban logistics The integrated perspective as it was announced in the Communication(2013)913 final2.This study provided guidelines on six different aspects of urban logistics:1)Use of Information and Communication Technologies;2)Treatment of log49、istics activities in Urban Vehicle Access Regulation Schemes;3)Engagement of stakeholders when implementing urban freight transport policies;4)Logistics schemes for E-commerce;5)The use of Environmentally Friendly Freight;and 6)Indicators and data collection methods for urban freight distribution.Ho50、wever,as it was highlighted by the European Economic and Social Committee(EESC)11,the policy framework should focus further on the importance of urban freight transport.The EESC gave particular emphasis to the inclusion of urban logistics as part of a sustainable transport policy,while the European 51、Parliament12 highlights the need for introducing new business models,measures,and technologies for more efficient and effective urban logistics operations,thus anticipating the new and constantly evolving trends(Collaborative Economy,Logistics as a Service(LaaS),On-demand Economy.etc.).8 European Pa52、rliament(2014),Directive 2014/94/EU on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure9 European Parliament(2009)Directive(Directive 2009/33/EC)on the promotion of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehicles10 European Commission(2013),Commission Staff Working Document,Guidelines on financ53、ial incentives for clean and energy efficient vehicles,Brussels,SWD(2013)27 final11 European Commission(2016),Commission Staff Working Document,The implementation of the 2011 White Paper on Transport“Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area towards a competitive and resource-efficient transport s54、ystem”five years after its publication:achievements and challenges,Brussels,SWD(2016)226 final12 European Parliament(2015),Implementation of the 2011 White paper on transport,European Parliament resolution of 9 September 2015 on the implementation of the 2011 White Paper on Transport:taking stock an55、d the way forward towards sustainable mobility(2015/2005(INI),P8_TA(2015)0310TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING9INTRODUCTION2.2.The role of Urban Logistics in the existing Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan(SUMP)The Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan(SUMP)is a strategic plan designed to sati56、sfy the mobility needs of people and businesses in cities and their surroundings for a better quality of life.The SUMP builds on existing planning practices and takes due consideration of integration,participation,and evaluation principles(ELTIS 2013).The development and implementation of Sustainabl57、e Urban Mobility Plans has been strongly supported by the EU and the European Parliament as one of the most important tools that a city can use in order to make the transportation infrastructure and services more efficient and to improve the integration of different mobility modes in urban areas in 58、a sustainable manner.The official guidelines for the development and implementation of sustainable urban mobility plans were developed by the European Platform on Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans and published by ELTIS in 2013.They provided local authorities with a structured approach on how to deve59、lop and implement policies and cost-effective measures for achieving a sustainable future for their cities.Since then,however,lessons have been learned and new policy challenges have emerged regarding the urban mobility planning in various EU-funded SUMP projects.Therefore,the existing SUMP concept 60、is being updated with additional information based on practical experience,new trends and new good practices in order to form a more comprehensive guidance for SUMPs development.One of the issues that has to be addressed in this attempted update and evolvement is the effective and efficient distribu61、tion of goods in the city.The complexity of organizing urban freight distribution is driven by the vast range of activities resulting from relationships among a variety of actors with different and often conflicting needs and goals,and by a number of negative environmental consequences and social ef62、fects,such as congestion,air and noise pollution,and an increase of safety hazards.These factors make it difficult for a policy planner to propose standard measures suitable for different urban contexts,as well as to develop a common understanding about future expectations.In parallel with the above63、,the science and practice of UFT and city logistics has been developing,and introducing novel solutions to address issues caused by UFT traffic.Therefore,the present document constitutes an additional guide to the updated SUMP cycle and aims to provide practical assistance to a city on how it should64、 address the urban logistics aspect in the citys SUMP,and which tools,methods and techniques can be used for the successful implementation of the 7 first steps of the SUMP process.2.3.Urban Logistics:Concept and main challengesUrban freight transportation constitutes a fundamental component in the l65、ife of a city.Nowadays,more than 73%of the European population lives in urban areas,while this is expected to increase to 85%by 2050.This phenomenon of urbanization has resulted in an increasingly higher demand for urban transportation,either for B2B or B2C purposes.13 Apart from last-mile transport66、ation,UFT involves a vast range of additional processes:handling and storage of goods,inventory management,waste and returns,as well as home delivery.While many of these processes,or parts of them,are undertaken outside of urban areas,they continue to have an impact on urban operations.UFT is a for-67、profit activity,predominantly controlled and operated by private interests.Although essential to the functioning of urban economies,due to the fact that UFT makes goods available to customers located in urban areas,its for-profit character is to a large extent responsible for the fact that public au68、thorities currently have a low understanding of the commercial dynamics of freight distribution.However,urban freight processes simultaneously involve,not only economic,but also social and environmental issues,which may possibly result in conflicts.In fact,UFT has a number of negative effects in ter69、ms of safety,congestion,and air and noise pollution.For instance,in Europe,UFT is responsible for 25%of urban transport related CO2 emissions and 30-50%of other transport related pollutants14.In addition,a growing urban population,combined with other trends,such as e-commerce and home deliveries dev70、elopment,13 United Nations.Around 2.5 Billion More People Will Be Living in Cities by 2050,Projects New UN Report;United Nations Department of Economic Social Affairs:New York,NY,USA,2018.14 ALICE.Urban Freight Research Roadmap;European Road Transport Research Advisory Council:Brussels,Belgium,2015.71、10TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGINTRODUCTIONtogether with an ageing population,will lead to an increase in demands for goods and services,with a consequent increase of UFT demand.This in turn will result in the necessary reduction of the effects of negative externalities.In this re72、gard,the European White Paper has set the goal for near zero emission urban logistics by 203015.Moving towards a more sustainable urban freight system requires changes and innovations both in the public and private sectors.However,the lack of coordination of urban logistics actors and data/informati73、on availability,contribute to insufficient urban planning and integration of urban freight into the citys operations.Within the context of the first EU-USA Transportation Research Symposium,dedicated to city logistics research(May 3031,2013),the research community raised the issue of the unavailabil74、ity or the low quality of data on urban freight.It also stressed the need for more effective data collection methods and for the identification of the main drivers of the economic activity,which is paramount for an understanding of the actors behaviour.This lack of awareness on UFT activities can be75、 a serious obstacle when determining their current sustainability and planning and implementing appropriate measures to optimize these activities in economic,social and environmental terms.In most cities,city planning and traffic surveys are undertaken exclusively as regards to passenger transport.T76、he most important reasons for this approach are:15 European Commission(2011),White Paper,Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area-Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system,COM(2011)144 final Urban freight transport is a complex system,made up of numerous activities,and it is n77、ecessary to collect data from a large quantity of economic agents.Shippers and transport operators are reluctant to share information about their operations.Local authorities are not able to understand what kind of data is needed.Collecting and updating urban freight data can be too costly for local78、 authorities.However,in recent years these gaps have been partially filled by the study on urban freight,developed and published by the EU,as mentioned above,as well as by the research outputs and significant contribution of the latest HORIZON 2020 projects16,that dealt with city logistics.The prese79、nt document aims to address the above mentioned challenges by providing specific guidelines and clear procedures to local policy makers on how to better monitor,control and manage the urban logistics activities that take place within their city.16 NOVELOG project(H2020):www.novelog.eu,U-Turn project80、(H2020):http:/www.u-turn-project.eu,SUCCESS project(H2020)http:/www.success-urbanlogistics.eu/,CITYLAB http:/www.citylab-project.eu/TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING11THE 8 SUMP PRINCIPLES IN THE CONTEXT OF A SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANLocal authorities engage with logistic playe81、rs and local businesses to come up with innovative strategies reconciling two potential conflicting elements:a freight distribution system satisfying the market demand,and a liveable,emission-free urban environment.This has led to a wide range of initiatives in the following areas:air quality&safety82、,clean&alternative fleet promotion,space management and consolidation,data and stakeholder engagement.The process of developing strategies and plan for sustainable urban logistics as part of the SUMP process is the effort of organizing initiatives of public&private stakeholders and achieving efficie83、nt&integrated approach for alleviating problems caused by urban freight transport,while respecting the SUMP principles.City logistics planning requires additional considerations than the passengers mobility planning.In urban logistics planning,industrial(business&logistics)stakeholders requirements 84、should be addressed and their mobilization in the planning process is needed since their reasoning(based mainly on profitability and efficiency)should also be taken into account during decision making.Also,the parameters defining the future vision,objectives and priorities of a plan for sustainable 85、UFT are different than those used for passenger mobility plans.Finally,the level of stakeholders collaboration,suggested by the SUMP process,is difficult to be achieved due to the fragmentation of the transport and logistics industry and special provisions should be implemented.However,as city logis86、tics is part of the citys overall mobility landscape,any attempt to study it in isolation from the general citys environment,would be wrong.Therefore,in the following paragraphs considerations related to city logistics planning are discussed in the context of each SUMP principles.Principle 1 Plan fo87、r sustainable mobility in the functional city:Planning for city Logistics may be defined as the process for totally optimizing the logistics and the transport activities implemented by private companies-with the support of technologies&collaborative operations,while considering safety and energy sav88、ings in urban traffic environment.The above should be achieved within the framework of a market economy and a city policy for sustainability.In this context the development&implementation of a Sustainable Urban Logistics Plan aims to contribute to the SUMPs main purpose for a sustainable mobility sy89、stem by defining priorities,measures and implementations of new operations for improving the effectiveness of city logistics in the entire functional urban area.The opinion that a SULP could(depending on the size and the complexity)be developed as a separated and integrated to the SUMP document is b90、ased on the fact that SULP should include(as also the SUMP)dedicated and separated guidance on how to:Understand the current situation of the citys urban freight transportation and logistics Involve the UFT stakeholders in city logistics planning Identify the most appropriate Urban Freight Transport91、ation solutions based on each citys typology Develop sustainable,cost effective and economic viable solutions and urban freight transportation strategies Measure the performance of a UFT solutionCity authorities when plan for urban freight transport sustainability,should take into account that urban92、 distribution is a facilitator of the supply chain vitality,economic development and business prospects and it is important for ensuring the continuous and stable operation of large-scale freight transport activities between suppliers and consumers in urban areas.Important infrastructure,organizatio93、n capacity and the services of these operations may be located outside the city limits.Therefore,the definition of the functional area for the sustainable urban logistics planning should be based on the knowledge of the typology of the supply chains emerging in the urban area,the characteristics of 94、freight flows and of the transport&logistics supply.The 8 SUMP principles in the context of a Sustainable Urban Logistics Plan 12TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGTHE 8 SUMP PRINCIPLES IN THE CONTEXT OF A SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANPrinciple 2-Develop a long-term vision and a clea95、r implementation plan:The citys approach to sustainable city logistics that will result from the SULP development process should be in line with the SUMPs long-term vision which needs to be customized for freight transportation.Following the definition of the citys vision,the SULP will be structured96、 around short and medium term measures and interventions for achieving implementation of the strategy.The implementation plan will identify the resources and tools that are needed,will define the roles and responsibilities of private and public stakeholders,and will set the time-plan and budget allo97、cation.During the urban freight transport scenarios development and the measures selections,city authorities should consider trends for new or innovative city logistics solutions that are pursued by the transport&logistic industry.Although city logistics is a relatively new area of urban study and u98、rban management,city logistics measures,including co-operative freight transport systems,consolidated city distribution centresµ consolidation,advanced vehicle routing and scheduling using intelligent transport systems,load factor controls,road pricing,intelligent parking controls,pickup points99、 for e-commerce,drones for last mile deliveries etc.,have already being implemented around Europe.Principle 3 Assess current and future performance:Similarly to the SUMP process,the SULP development focuses on achieving the primary and secondary objectives set by a city which are aligned with the vi100、sion of mobility and urban freight transportation.In order for the city planner to understand the progress made towards that direction,the SULP proposes specific approaches on how to assess the current and future performance of a citys UFT.Throughout the development of a SULP,the city will accumulat101、e valuable knowledge on the current state of its UFT by defining:1)its current strengths and weaknesses;2)available capacities and resources;3)the citys UFT main characteristics and influencing factors.The SULP proposes future performance of the citys UFT by defining measurable targets of the UFT ch102、aracteristic,in future time horizons.The success of the initiatives,measures and concepts of the city logistics may be determined by comparing the performance efficiency and the sustainability of the system before and after the measures implementation.It should be mentioned that city logistics perfo103、rmance assessment might involve a number of parameters and data sources,the majority of which are usually owned by the private industry stakeholders.These are collected either by using technology for observing and managing the logistics activities(recording of loading unloading zones,GPS vehicle tra104、cking e.tc.)or by assessing the city logistics generators and logistics providers performance.Principle 4 Develop all transport modes in an integrated manner:Businesses located in cities must be able to send and receive their shipments on time,and local authorities want to attract other businesses t105、o locate in their cities,recognizing that UFT is essential to their economic prosperity17,18 However,UFT is heavily based on road transport and,even though freight vehicles do not comprise the majority of road traffic in cities,they produce a significant amount of air pollution19,20 Freight vehicles106、 also contribute to other problems such as congestion,road casualties,visual intrusion and noise pollution17,21 In line with the primary goal of sustainable and effective urban freight transportation,a Sustainable Urban Logistics Plan aims at fostering the most appropriate modal solutions that will 107、benefit both the UFT stakeholders and the society,balancing economic efficiency with environmental sustainability.Therefore,it embeds an integrated view of both traditional and non-traditional freight modal solutions(e.g.electric vans,cargo bikes,tricycles,waterways)but also takes into account the p108、otential capacity of sharing synergies 17 Anderson,S.,Allen,J.,&Browne,M.(2005).Urban logistics How can it meet policy makers sustainability objectives?Journal of Transport Geography,13(1)71-81 http:/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2004.11.002 18 Kiba-Janiak,M.,2017.Urban freight transport in city str109、ategic planning.Research in transportation business&management,24,pp.4-16.19 Kin,B.,Verlinde,S.and Macharis,C.,2017.Sustainable urban freight transport in megacities in emerging markets.Sustainable cities and society,32,pp.31-41.20 Lindholm,M.E.and Blinge,M.,2014.Assessing knowledge and awareness of110、 the sustainable urban freight transport among Swedish local authority policy planners.Transport policy,32,pp.124-131.21 Quak,H.H.,2008.Sustainability of urban freight transport:Retail distribution and local regulations in cities(No.EPS-2008-124-LIS).TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING1111、3THE 8 SUMP PRINCIPLES IN THE CONTEXT OF A SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANbetween freight and passenger transportation(e.g.cargo hitching)and better exploiting for city logistics bus and rail passenger services.Principle 5 Cooperate across institutional boundaries Similarly,to the implementation of112、 a SUMP,the development and implementation of a SULP requires the close cooperation and consultation with different levels of government and relevant authorities.The growing cities rely on efficient and sustainable urban logistics systems to ensure the conduction of daily activities,as well as to in113、crease the attractiveness,the economic development,and the quality of life in them.Therefore,the policies and interventions of competent authorities and agencies in the above-mentioned domains should be taken into account and the municipal authorities should safeguard this cross institutional cooper114、ation with these agencies when formulating the internal team that will be responsible for the SULP.Cross institutional cooperation is also needed for the implementation of the city logistics measures that will be included in the SULP.Some examples of measures that need cooperation across institution115、al boundaries for being implemented are:a)use of ITS and ICT to enforce traffic regulations and establish management schemes,such as congestion charging and road pricing for heavy trucks using video cameras b)subsidies may be required to help shippers and freight carriers start new,environmentally f116、riendly initiatives that are often costly to implement c)national governments and/or local municipalities should,if needed,provide support to help new urban consolidation centres and intermodal freight terminals get off the ground.Finally,the geographical scope of a SULP,similarly to the general SUM117、P concept,will not be limited only to the municipal boundaries.As city logistics consists the last mile of a broader supply chain,with the respective infrastructure usually located at the boundaries of urban areas,the geographical coverage of the plan might need to have a strong regional dimension a118、nd cooperation with related regional&national institutions should also be considered.Principle 6 Involve citizens and relevant stakeholders:One of the main success factors for implementing an effective SULP is to involve all the actors that are either involved directly in urban logistics operations(119、i.e.Freight Forwarders,Transport Operators,Shippers,Major Retail chains,Shop owners,Local or regional government,Industry and Commerce Associations,Consumers Associations,Research and Academia,Logistics Experts),or are affected somehow by the urban logistics externalities in the planning process.Con120、sidering the emergence of e-commerce and direct-customer deliveries,citizen or consumer organisations should be actively involved.Since city Logistics will have a vital role in enhancing the mobility,sustainability and liveability of cities in the future,it is well-recognized the need to consider di121、fferent stakeholders perspectives on these issues,in order to achieve desired outcomes.This is necessary not only for taking into account(as mentioned previously)the different stakeholders needs and rational during the decision-making process but also for securing better acceptance and smooth implem122、entation of the SULP propositions.For example,more efficient logistics for cities presupposes the existence of regulations and good enforcements in urban areas in order to ensure a better environment for all.But competition should not be stifled,which is one more reason why real partnerships between123、 the private and public sectors are needed.In the end,a change in attitude among all stakeholders should be achieved in order to facilitate city logistics.The involvement of the stakeholders should be continuous and it has to be based on a beneficial“value proposition”for each stakeholders category 124、which should be created by the city at the beginning of the process and which will give substance to the cooperation process for SULP development.Principle 7 Arrange for monitoring and evaluation:During the development of a SULP or a SUMP,the implementation bodies should closely monitor the progress125、 made towards fulfilling the initial objectives and achieving the measurable targets that have been set.This process could be based on a structured evaluation framework that will facilitate the data collection process,the identification of the most appropriate indicators,the data collection mechanis126、ms,and the final impact assessment.Monitoring and assessment of the SULP impact is a demanding process and the data needed in order to be implemented are mainly collected by the industrial stakeholders and are considered by them as restricted information because data on logistics operations efficien127、cy are considered as competitive advantage of the 14TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGTHE 8 SUMP PRINCIPLES IN THE CONTEXT OF A SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANlogistics companies.Cities should define early the scope of the SULP evaluation,identify the minimum set of data needed for th128、e evaluation and secure the provision of these data by the stakeholders through the partnership agreements that will be signed for measures implementation.Usually these are data related with the evaluation of city logistics measures(or set of measures)sustainability.However,cities rely on efficient 129、urban logistics to ensure their attractiveness,quality of life,and economic development while giving priority to improve safety and minimize the environmental impacts.Therefore,assessment of impact at the level of the city as a whole is also required which could be supported by Urban freight modelli130、ng tools.Finally,cities might consider the implementation of Life Cycle Analysis of the SULP which will allow the continuous monitoring of the SULPs performance and impact creation.It will also provide information and knowledge to the stakeholders for redefining their objectives,expectations and mea131、sures of the SULP.Principle 8 Assure quality:In the same way with the SUMP implementation,similar mechanisms,such as an external Quality Assurance Panel or the use of Self-Assessment Tools,can be used in order to ensure the required quality of the SULP outcomes.The SULP intends to be a document whic132、h engages the Municipality and the industrial stakeholders in implementing(each one of them)a set of actions,for which they will be mutually responsible.Failure in the implementation of the actions of one party(i.e.city side)will generate failure or risk for failure at the other side(i.e.industry).I133、t is therefore important to assure the quality of the SULP in relation to its content but also regarding the feasibility and the strong engagement of actors to the implementation process.The industrial stakeholders require stable and consisted UFT framework for their daily operations.The cities ask 134、from the industrial stakeholders to trust the municipal authorities and provide the necessary data while cooperating with them in respecting citys UFT regulation and policy framework.Therefore,it is recommended to complement the SULP with separated partnerships agreements for sealing the action plan135、s that are included in the SULP.In this way implementation monitoring but also quality assurance will be guaranteed.TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING15SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTThe yellow stars show for which steps and activities this Guide will pro136、vide rec-ommendations and best practices regard-ing urban logistics.For the implementation of the rest of the steps and activities,the city(or any other interested party)shall follow the instructions that are presented in the gen-eral SUMP Topic Guide4.1.Considerations for SULP development approachC137、ity authorities may consider sustainable urban logistics planning as part of the SUMP development process,or may choose to differentiate the process for developing a dedicated plan for sustainable urban logistics,which,however,has to be in compliance with the policy principles and objectives of an a138、lready developed SUMP.The two approaches are equally valid when they are implemented in line with the SUMP development phases and steps shown in Figure 1.The decision may be taken at the beginning of a SUMP process,when assessing the capacity of the authority to deal with both miscellaneous topics o139、f passenger and freight sustainable mobility in the same process.However,it is highly recommended to have separate documents:one describing the SULP and relevant strategy measures;the second outlining the agreements with the stakeholders.In some cases,it has been observed that when cities have to fa140、ce severe UFT problems,or there is a strong political will to tackle sustainability of urban logistics to the city as a whole,or to a specific city area,the process of a dedicated SULP emerges as a high priority,even before the launching of SUMP development.The SUMP development cycle,presented in th141、e Figure below,represents the complete set of planning steps for SUMP,which can also be applied for SULP development.However,it has been recognized from cases analysis that the aggregation of some steps could be possible in order to put in place a process which could be implemented more easily by th142、e municipalities and more easily followed by the stakeholders.It is true that there is limited knowledge and lack of access to information for UFT on the side of the local authorities.On the other side,however,industrial stakeholders have in depth knowledge of the UFT situation and requirements,but 143、are only able to dedicate a limited amount of time and effort to the planning process;in addition,they lack the willingness to collaborate and exchange information with their competitors participating in the same planning process.In order to cope with such situations,a learning process for SULP deve144、lopment could be implemented.NOVELOG project suggested a simple learning process which is in line with the SUMP steps and is presented in Annex I.Sustainable urban mobility planning steps for SULP development Figure 1 Updated SUMP cycle.16TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGSUSTAINABLE U145、RBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTIn the following paragraphs of this chapter,recommendations are provided for each SUMP step in order to efficiently tackle the Sustainable Urban Logistics planning in the context of the SUMP.Figure 1.below shows the SUMP cycle,and the yellow stars ind146、icate SUMP steps and activities for which this Guide(in its current version)provides recommendations and best practices in relation to SULP development.For the implementation of the remaining steps and activities,it is recommended that the local authorities follow the general instructions that are p147、resented in the general SUMP Guide.The recommendations include methods,techniques and tools for supporting the implementation of each step of the process.Based on the above,it is clear that the present document constitutes an additional guide to the updated SUMP guide.The SULP guidelines aims to pro148、vide practical assistance to a city on how to address the urban logistics aspects in the context of the citys SUMP,and relate the reader with tools,methods and best practices that can be used for the successful implementation of the 7 first steps of the SUMP process.For the activities and steps for 149、which this Guide does not provide instructions,it is recommended that the user follow the guidelines provided in the SUMP.Furthermore,as the SULP Guide will be integrated into the updated SUMP Guidelines,it is strongly recommended to begin the SULPs implementation after the definition of the overall150、 sustainable mobility vision of the city.In this way,the citys approach for sustainable distribution and service trips that will result from the SULP development process will be in line with the SUMP vision and will contribute to the realisation of the citys overall sustainability vision.4.2.SULP Im151、plementation Steps&RecommendationsPhase 1:Preparation&AnalysisStep 1:Set up working structuresSULP Activity 1.1:Create inter-departmental core team&consider getting external supportIn the majority of European cities,in the municipalities there are no structures in place directly responsible for deal152、ing with UFT planning and management.In some cities it was found,that the internal department responsible for the UFT had been staffed with one to two persons maximum.22 The initiation of the SULP development process requires,at minimum,the formation of a small team inside the municipality which pos153、sesses relevant expertise in the given domain,22 HORIZON 2020 European project NOVELOG(2015),NOVELOG SULP Guidelines(http:/novelog.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/NOVELOG_SULP-Guidelines.pdf)Figure 2 SULP process:Phase 1TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING17SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANN154、ING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTknowledge of the SUMP priorities,and familiarity with UFT policy and regulation frameworks.In the case of an absence of expertise within the municipality,a possible solution would be to contract external expertise in order to cover the corresponding skill requirements.S155、ULP Activity 1.2:Ensure political and institutional ownership&plan stakeholder and citizen involvementPlanning for sustainable city logistics is a participatory process requiring a stakeholder governance scheme.A key role is assigned to the Multi-Stakeholder Platform(MSP)for the development of the S156、ULP.The MSP is considered as a mechanism for industry and local governments to work together in partnership to produce tangible outcome to localised freight transport problems23 and define a dedicated Sustainable Urban Logistics vision and set of measures,infrastructures and interventions to achieve157、 this vision in the context of an integrated urban logistics planning.The mission of the platform is to achieve a common understanding of the problems and build a consensus towards a future vision,intervention scenarios,and measures.Due to the strong relevance of logistics industry involvement in th158、is platform,it is recommended in the case of SULP development and in the context of the SUMP process,to organize and operate the SULP multi-stakeholder platform separately form the SUMP stakeholders group or define it as a specialized subgroup.23 Collings,S.,2003.A guide on how to set up and run fre159、ight quality partnerships.GOOD PRACTICE GUIDE 335.Mixture&organization:A key criterion for a comprehensive and successful SULP is to identify who the relevant actors are and how to engage them in the process.The efficiency and validity of the UFT planning process is influenced considerably by the si160、ze and makeup of the MSP.RecommendationsBased on past experiences in the development of multi-stakeholder platforms16,it is recommended to build the stakeholder platform for UFT around three main stakeholder groups with their participation as presented below:The type of role each participant holds w161、ithin the organization he/she represents(e.g.executive,CEO,distribution/logistics manager,driver,etc.)is important for the robustness and efficiency of the platform.An important participant is the neutral partner,i.e.a person who seems to neither favour the public nor private partner(Lindholm and Br162、owne,2013),and who will primarily chair and manage the partnership.Previous experience shows that Academia/researchers or 3rd party consultants can effectively function in such a role.An important issue is to ensure that inevitable imbalances in the membership of the MSP can be mitigated,for example163、,by ensuring that neither the public nor the private sector always dominates the discussions.SULP Activity 1.3:Evaluate capacities and resources The core resources needed by a Local Authority for a successful SULP development are:a)the people being Supply Chain Stakeholders(e.g.Freight Forwarders,Tr164、ansport Operators,Shippers,Major Retail chains,Shop owners)up to 28%of the total number Public Authorities(e.g.Local Government,regional or national government)up to 28%Other stakeholders(e.g.Industry and Commerce Associations,Consumers Associations,Research and Academia)up to 36%Experts up to 8%of 165、the total number of participants in the platform.Figure 3 Turins stakeholder mix of UFTs MSP18TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGSUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTassigned the responsibility for developing a SULP;b)the legal framework assessment for enabling 166、new UFT regulation;c)the data/information and tools required for identifying characteristics,quantifying UFT of the city,associating reasons to problems creations,and justifying alternative measures.Because of the unavailability of people responsible for urban freight transport in the majority of pu167、blic authorities around Europe,the activity of relevant working structure development(Activity 1.1.)was prompted first by the corresponding SULP process.A very challenging issue at this stage,is the identification and gathering of data and information needed for planning and securing the availabilit168、y of tools for the same purpose.All local authorities are in a position to determine and describe passenger mobility issues in both a quantifiable and a qualitative way.However,only a relatively small number are in a position to do the same for urban freight transport,i.e.to describe the size and ch169、aracteristics of these transport activities.The majority of the existing data is private,and dedicated surveys need to be executed regularly.Additionally,cities are wondering which data and with which method this data should be collected and analysed for supporting the planning process for sustainab170、le city logistics.The majority of data describing the UFT in the city is mainly owned by the industrial stakeholders.It is therefore important at this stage to prepare the ground and define the framework for data provisioning in cooperation with the members of the stakeholders platform,for securing 171、that at least a minimum set of data(please refer to activity 3.1)will be made available that is measured and calculated in the same way by different companies.The adoption of ITS technologies by cities and logistics industry actors provides the possibility for generating UFT related data through the172、 analysis of the ITS systems recorded information.Truck floating data,traffic monitoring and surveillance systems data,when being analysed properly,may provide the number of freight vehicles in the city every day,their mileage,their Origin&Destinations,the routes used,the number of deliveries per ve173、hicle,etc.,all of them being important in describing the UFT situation in the city.Finally,regarding the tools needed for UFT planning,these mainly refer to transport models which allow the quantification of transport demand,supply,as well as forecasts.Although in the majority of cases,cities have m174、odels for passenger mobility,they dont have urban freight models.Cities need to request external expertise for model development since this is a demanding exercise in terms of identifying required skills and resources(to be examined in SULP Activity 1.1.).RecommendationsA Data collection framework f175、or UFT:By using a holistic data collection framework for UFT,local authorities can receive answers on how the process for gaining valuable knowledge on a citys current UFT situation should be structured,what information to collect,and how.Depending on the planning activity cities are initiating(i.e.176、justification of a single measure or infrastructure development,integrated UFT intervention scheme in an area,or horizontal sector specific action,etc.)the details of data collection and analysis are also provided.Annex II presents firstly,an extensive list of data that can be collected for each urb177、an freight transport aspect,and secondly,a summary of urban freight survey techniques.The following have to be reviewed in collaboration with the UFT stakeholders:1.Confirm in the MSP meeting the tools and data that are available for UFT planning.2.Compare the data proposed in the Data Collection Fr178、amework presented with your own available data,in order to identify which further data should be collected.3.Verify that the working structures and the contribution of each stakeholder involved in the MSP correspond to the data and resources identification and collection by conducting and signing a 179、Memorandum of Understanding/Partnership agreement.Figure 4 Example of ITS and planning tools in PisaTOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING19SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTStep 1 Checklist:The inter-departmental team formulated Citys UFT stakeholders identifie180、d Multi-Stakeholder Platform/Freight Quality Partnership created Capacity of resources defined and available Tools availability ensured Legal framework and interrelation to the SUMP defined MOU/Partnership agreement among the MSPs participants has been signed.Step 2:Define the development process an181、d scope of the planSULP Activity 2.1:Assess planning requirements and define geographic scope(“functional urban area”)City logistics make up the last mile of a broader supply chain,with the respective infrastructure usually located at the boundaries of urban areas.Therefore,the geographical coverage182、 of the plan might need to have a strong regional dimension.On the other hand,the negative impact of city logistics operations may be concentrated on a specific urban area,demanding for local measures in order to be alleviated.Therefore,the definition of the territory of a SULP requires both aspects183、 to be taken into account,and should be guided by the typology of supply chains with an origin/destination in the area.Cities can be distinguished based on six main criteria:1)Economic activity,Infrastructure,Gross Domestic Product;2)Degree of integration of freight-generating activity,such as the p184、resence of a few large employers in a city;3)Political culture;4)Culture;5)Degree of logistics sprawl;6)Legal and regulatory framework.RecommendationsThe use of tools,such as a poly-parametric city typology(Annex II)is recommended,as such tools describe and Figure 6 Partnership agreement during the 185、implementation of Copenhagens Freight Network&MSPFigure 5 Example of a Data Collection Framework(NOVELOG 2015,D2.1)20TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGSUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTsupport the definition of the urban area on which the SULP should focus.A186、part from defining the SULP reference area,City Morphology allows for comparisons with other cities in order to gain inspiration from city-relevant best practices.SULP Activity 2.2:Link with other planning processes As SULP makes up part of the SUMP process,linking up with other planning processes a187、nd organizations is necessary.An analysis of how the sustainable urban logistics planning process is interrelated and affects other policies at the local and regional level,should be undertaken.Recommendations It is recommended that the implementation of Activity 2.2.be based mainly upon the results188、 that emerge from the corresponding step of the SUMP process.SULP Activity 2.3:Involve the stakeholders in the planning processInvolving a variety of relevant stakeholders throughout the planning process helps in the legitimacy,quality,and cost effectiveness of the SULPs development.Recommendations 189、In addition to ensuring the involvement of the stakeholders in the planning process through their participation in the MSP,a web-based Stakeholders Governance Platform which supports stakeholders consensus building would significantly facilitate the participation process.Furthermore,existing consens190、us building tools on city logistics can be used in order to facilitate the decision-making process among several stakeholders,such as the Understanding the Cities Tool(UCT).The process embedded in the UCT,is presented in the Figure below.24,25 24 HORIZON 2020 European project NOVELOG(2015):NOVELOG U191、nderstanding the Cities Tool(UCT)(uct.imet.gr)25 The NOVELOG UCT aims to support city stakeholders in two alternative ways.First,it can guide stakeholders to define the most important factors influencing their UFT environment today and in the future and agree on their relative importance.It can also192、 help them reach consensus on the current and future(2020&2030)state of their local UFT.Figure 7 Example of a consensus building processTOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING21SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTSULP Activity 2.4.Agree time plan and work planDraft193、 a work plan including objectives,types of procurement,and roles of the single stakeholders,activities and specific stakeholders deadlines during the development and implementation of the SULP.The management and implementation arrangements may be formalized in written Memoranda of Understandings amo194、ng the UFT stakeholders participating in the MSP.Responsibility for specific activities can be assigned to subgroups of the MSP.RecommendationsThe identification of types of cooperation among private actors and between public and private stakeholders is recommended for the successful implementation 195、of cooperative business models for UFT measures.The stimulation of the cooperation should start at this stage by communicating failure and success stories,as well as examples for appropriate business models per UFT measure.Step 2:Checklist Geographic scope defined Relevant policy linkages identified196、(synergies and conflicts)Initial options for policy integration assessed.Initial prioritisation of integration options decided Consensus building activities implemented Work plan and time plan agreed onStep 3:Analyse the current UFT situation SULP Activity 3.1:Identify information sources and cooper197、ate with data ownersActing on UFT problems is often an urgent matter and requires quick reference to a basic description of the UFT in the city and its evolution progress over the years.Basic knowledge of a citys UFT implies knowing the magnitude of the daily urban freight transport flows(number of 198、vehicles&vehicles-kms,tonnes&tonne-kms)and their spatial distribution(volume of freight vehicles on road network)or the average daily service trips by category,of major freight transport generators(i.e.shops in the city centre,supermarkets,commercial malls,home deliveries,etc.).Recommendations1)A mi199、nimum dataset of UFT activities is presented in the next Figure,which describes the UFT characteristics of a city and thus provides base knowledge of the city logistics issues in any urban area.The above(or enriched)set of data is proposed to be collected regularly by the local authorities.This can 200、be achieved in the following ways:By engaging the transport and logistics industry actors in a regular data provision process.Since Municipalities provide the operational licence for the majority of activities(commercial or others)that constitute main freight transport generators,it is recommended t201、hat data provision be obligatory(i.e.twice or three times per year)as part of the operational licence maintaining procedure.In the case of a specific geographical area intervention,it was also found effective for convincing industry to provide data in order to relate data provision to area access pe202、rmission.Through conducting experts workshops to collect average values for the minimum data set for UFT description.2)Use of online databases and Observatories such as the Observatory of Strategic Development impacting Urban logistics26,which was developed in the frame of the EU funded CityLab proj203、ect.The City-Lab Observatory provides data and analysis on some of the most important or less well known trends that will shape the urban 26 HORIZON 2020 European project CityLab,Observatory of Strategic Development Impacting Urban Logistics(https:/civitas.eu/tool-inventory/observatory-strategic-dev204、elopments-impacting-urbanlogistics)Figure 8 Minimum dataset for describing UFT characteristics(NOVELOG project,2015)22TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGSUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTmobility of goods in the future,including:1)Logistics land uses,logistic205、s real estate,and logistics sprawl,2)E-commerce,e-grocery,and instant deliveries(on-demand delivery service within two hours),3)Circular economy and 4)Service trips SULP Activity 3.2:Analyse problems and opportunities The analysis of the current UFT situation of a city is usually performed by quanti206、fying major operational parameters,as well as impact and externalities,resulting from UFT operations.There are different descriptive approaches for the situation analysis.Figure 9 List of UFT influencing factorsFigure 10 List of UFT City CharacteristicsTOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNIN207、G23SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTRecommendationsA system of correlated UFT city characteristics parameters and key influencing factors for describing the UFT situation is suggested and presented in Figures 9 and 1027,28.The first set of parameters mirror the result of208、 the current operations,while UFT Influencing Factors refer to areas of policy baselines and intervention.As part of Step 3 of the SULP process a city should identify the main characteristics and influencing factors of its UFT.Finally,some examples of tools that could significantly facilitate the an209、alysis of the problems and opportunities of a citys UFT are:1)consensus building tools,like those proposed in SULP Activity 2.3.,which can serve as facilitators for understanding the current situation of a citys UFT by taking into account the opinion of several actors;2)simulation models29 and freig210、ht generation/freight trip generation models30 for describing the current and future urban freight transport demand and simulating future urban freight 3demand based on policy and economic scenarios31.The simulation tools can significantly help the cities that do not have a sufficient budget to impl211、ement a plethora of UFT surveys Step 3:Checklist Citys minimum UFT dataset formulated Data collected Citys UFT characteristics&Influencing Factors defined UFT problems and opportunities defined27 HORIZON 2020 European NOVELOG projects Understanding the Cities Tool(www.uct.imet.gr)28 A.Stathacopoulos212、,G.Ayfantopoulou,E.Gagatsi,E.Xenou,M.Vassilantonakis,(2017),Understanding UFT:moving from the“citys authority”issue of today to an integrated“city stakeholders”consideration,VREF Conference29 The model was built by the LAET(http:/tmv.laet.science/)from the results of the French Urban Goods Movements213、 surveys carried out during the second half of the 1990s in Bordeaux,Dijon and Marseilles http:/freturb.laet.science/30 Holgun-Veras,J.,Jaller,M.,Snchez-Daz,I.,Campbell,S.and Lawson,C.T.,2014.Freight generation and freight trip generation models.In Modelling freight transport(pp.43-63).Elsevier.31 F214、P7 project TURBLOG(2011)Transferability of urban logistics concepts and practices from a worldwide perspective-Deliverable 3.1.“Urban logistics practices-Paris Case Study”Phase 2:Strategy developmentStep 4:Build and jointly assess scenariosSULP Activity 4.1:Develop scenarios with citizens and stakeh215、oldersThe private stakeholders,companies and enterprises involved in the MSP define their individual plans on the basis of quantified targets.It is therefore suggested that the future vision of a SULP be articulated on quantified targets for specific UFT parameters in three-time horizons.Recommendat216、ionsIt is proposed that the involved stakeholders describe the future UFT characteristics in the case of no action being taken and for the scenarios related to infrastructure development and trends(on demand,supply,disruptive technology),as well as Policy implementation.Figure 11 SULP process:Phase 217、224TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGSUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTIn the meantime,a 3-step consensus building process for the development of future scenarios and the common vision of a city is proposed:In the first round involve city authorities,local e218、xperts,and stakeholders with the aim of developing three scenarios(current,2030,2050),with three levels of intervention(minimum,medium and maximum)based on the previous tasks results(i.e.the analysis of the citys UFT situation).In the second round,brainstorm the ideas internally on the scenarios dev219、eloped in the previous round.In the third round,if necessary,address the suggestions of the experts to the local stakeholders and examine the possibility of integrating suggestions in each scenario that has been developed in the previous rounds.An example of the results following the implementation 220、process mentioned above is presented in Figure 12.32For the successful implementation of the consensus building process mentioned above,the city authorities should take into consideration the following:Implement training actions and coordinated activities at a citys authority level before implementi221、ng the consensus building process on the scenario development.Arrange personal meetings with the stakeholders.32 HORIZON 2020 European project NOVELOG(2015),Deliverable 2.4.Urban freight and service scenarios(www.novelog.eu)SULP Activity 4.2:Discuss scenarios with citizens and stakeholdersThe next s222、tep following the outputs of Activity 4.1.is the capitalization of those to the participants of the citys MSP.Similarly to the general SUMP process,the main aim of this Activity is to achieve a common understanding on:1)the possible options for intervention;2)the difficulties and obstacles that need223、 to be overcome in order to implement the defined scenarios;3)the possible interdependencies and trade-offs between different policies and;4)the potential conflicting interests among the involved actors.Step 4:Checklist Future UFT scenarios co-created with stakeholders Scenarios validated by MSPs pa224、rticipantsStep 5:Develop vision and objectives with stakeholdersSULP Activity 5.1:Co-create common vision with citizens and stakeholders Following the identification of the citys vision in the framework of the SUMP process,the city planners together with the stakeholders should proceed to the defini225、tion of concrete objectives that are considered feasible in a relatively short period of time.The outputs of this step will be included as input for the corresponding Activity 5.2 of the SUMP process as the main objectives set related to urban freight transportation and logistics.SULP Activity 5.2:A226、gree objectives addressing key problems and all modes It is strongly recommended that the SULP is implemented in parallel with the SUMP procedure,and after the definition of the overall sustainable mobility vision of the city.In this way,the citys approach for sustainable city logistics that will re227、sult from the SULP development process will be in line with the SUMP vision and will focus on serving the sustainability objectives set by the city.Therefore,the output of the SULP Activity 5.1.depends entirely on the output of the SUMP Activity 5.1.Step 5:Checklist SULP objectives defined and agree228、d on with stakeholdersFigure 12 Example of Grazs results on building scenarios on the areas of future intervention following the 3-step consensus building processTOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING25SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTStep 6 Set targets and ind229、icatorsSULP Activity 6.1:Identify indicators for all objectives and Agree on measurable targetsSimilarly,to the process proposed in the SUMP concept,following the identification of concrete and feasible objectives,a set of achievable targets should be defined,accompanied by a clear set of assessment230、 indicators.RecommendationsThis process can be facilitated by the use of a comprehensive Evaluation Framework33 which would incorporate an exhaustive list of primary and secondary objectives and associated indicators for measuring the expected impact of the overall SULP,as well as of an individual i231、mplementation of UFT measures.The proposed Evaluation Framework consists of four modules,namely:impact assessment,social cost-benefit analysis,adaptability and transferability analysis,and risk analysis.In addition,behavioural modelling is also integrated in order to support the modules in the quali232、tative data collection(indicators and weights),as well as to enable measuring potential behavioural change related to UFT operations.The diamond in Figure 13 reflects the four modules and the behavioural modelling,from which life cycle sustainability assessment components originate,and,33 HORIZON 20233、20 European NOVELOG project(2015),Deliverable 3.1.“Evaluation Framework”additionally addresses the interrelation among these components34.Step 6:Checklist Measurable targets and assessment indicators defined Evaluation Frameworks definedPhase 3:Measure planningStep 7:Select measure packages with sta234、keholdersSULP Activity 7.1:Create and assess measures with stakeholders&Define integrated measure packagesSelecting measures or a package of measures for completing and integrating a SULP approach is mainly 34 Nathanail,E.,Adamos,G.,Gogas,M.,(2016a).A novel framework for assessing sustainable urban 235、logistics.14th World Conference on Transport Research,Shanghai,China,July,10-15,2016.Figure 13 Example of the process followed in the correspondent Evaluation FrameworkFigure 14 SULP process:Phase 326TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGSUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP D236、EVELOPMENTinfluenced by the ability of the measure,either isolated or combined with other measures,to achieve the desired impact(efficiency,CO2 reduction,etc.)The level of success of each measure depends on the characteristics of the urban environment in conjunction with the UFT characteristics.In a237、ddition,the readiness of the area of intervention(infrastructure,policies,cooperation level,etc.)for the adoption of the respective measure further defines the level at which the measure might be proved appropriate for implementation.The first step for identifying the most appropriate measure,based 238、on the unique typology and morphology of each city,is to learn from past experiences and results.Recommendationshe following methodological approach is recommended:1.Follow a grid methodology for comparing the performance of the last experiences on the implementation of the measures identified based239、 on each citys typology.Annex III presents a detailed example of a citys typology.2.Use tools that can match measures and interventions with city typologies,as well as city logistics observatories35.Annex III presents a tool that has been developed in the frame of EU funded project which constitutes240、 a concrete and up-to date database of UFT measures that have been implemented in Europe,together with their impacts3.Discuss outputs with stakeholders.For enabling the simultaneous evaluation of alternative policy measures,technologies,etc.,while explicitly including different stakeholders opinions241、 at an early stage of the decision-making process,tools such as the Multi-Actor Multi-Criteria Analysis(MAMCA)Software36 could be great facilitators.4.Finalize the SULP package of measures.35 HORIZON 2020 European NOVELOG projects Toolkit(http:/www.uct.imet.gr/Novelog-Tools/Toolkit)36 Interreg IVB p242、roject,Nisto(2013),Multi-Actor Multi-Criteria Analysis(MAMCA)Software(http:/www.mamca.be/en/)Annex IV presents a list of indicative UFT measures,as well as measure packages that have been implemented in the frame of EU funded projects.SULP Activity 7.2:Plan measure evaluation and monitoring Assessin243、g and monitoring the implementation of the measures is crucial for the successful development and implementation of a SULP.Therefore,this Activity refers to the calculation of the key performance indicators,which were identified in Activity 6.1.,before and after the implementation of the selected me244、asure.The ex-ante and ex-post assessment process will reveal whether or not an adopted measure was actually able to achieve the desired outcome.RecommendationsThe use of web-based tools,such as the Evaluation Tool37 and the PLAN38 tool,is strongly recommended.The use of such tools could help the per245、sons responsible for decision making at the strategic,tactical and operational levels in two ways:firstly,by helping conduct an integrated investigation and comparison or ranking of all the possible alternative solutions,by assessing their effectiveness,and supporting and justifying their decision m246、aking through the quantification of each alternative solutions impact on economy,environment,energy,transport and social acceptance;and secondly,by analysing the upcoming decisions using optimisation methods.Step 7 Checklist Relevant past experiences considered Supporting tools for potential UFT mea247、sures identification available and used Package of measures defined&agreed on with the MSPs stakeholders Suitable set of measure indicators selected Monitoring and evaluation arrangements for all indicators developed 37 HORIZON 2020 European project Novelog(2015),NOVELOG Evaluation Tool(EVALOG)http:248、/www.uct.imet.gr/Novelog-Tools/Evaluation-Tool38 HORIZON 2020 EU project Optimum,PLAN:Efficiency and Economy through appropriate Mathematical Modelling(https:/civitas.eu/tool-inventory/plan-efficiency-and-economy-through-appropriate-mathema tical-modelling)Figure 15 Example of UFT measures Databases249、TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING27SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTStep 8:Agree actions and responsibilitiesSULP Activity 8.1:Describe all actionsFor the implementation of this step,the city or any interested party can follow the SUMPs instructions relate250、d to the corresponding SUMP Activity 8.1.SULP Activity 8.2:Identify funding sources and assess financial capacitiesThe implementation of sustainable UFT measures/solutions incorporates specific risks and challenges in terms of their implementation.This is mainly due to the lack of critical mass and 251、the need for additional mode change that is usually required by some of the measures.In this context,the cooperation of the private stakeholders for increasing load factors and decreasing the number of freight vehicles entering the city centre is important.Similarly,win-win cooperation schemes betwe252、en public and private stakeholders for allowing innovative UFT measures(micro consolidation,lockers,bike logistics,Urban consolidation centres,etc.)need to be examined in order to secure the long-term sustainability of the measures.Consolidation schemeCustomer(offering)Value propositionReduced value253、 propositionRevenue streamCost structureUrban consolidation centre(UCCLSP(UCC services)Green brandingResponsiveness to delivery(due to proximity)Value-added servicesAdditional fixed costsAdditional handlingSubscription modelExisting UCC to be renovated Operational costsLSP(EV renter solutions)Green 254、brandingEV rental(and recharging)Additional transport costsSubscription modelPurchase of vehicles and charging systemMicro-consolidation centre(MCC)LSP(Light goods delivery)For receivers-higher availability and therefore convenienceReduced transport costAccess to restricted areaPick-up point for par255、celsAdditional handlingLong-term contract with LSPNo extra cost to receiverCharged for parcel pick-upInvestment and operational costs for MCCReal estate(provided by municipality)Investment and operational cost for cargobike deliveriesICT fleet management system(Other)LMO(Bicycle servicing)Bicycle re256、pair,rechargeNonePer useCity council(Delivery/transport data)Understand UFT flows for e-commerceNone-Receiver-led consolidation(RLC)Retailers in shopping(replenishment with consolidate transport)Delivery flexibilityDelivery reliability and punctuality“Basic”transport service cost reducedValue-added 257、servicesNoneBase service-paid by shopping centre ownersExtra services-paid by tenantsUse of existing UCC/warehouse no new investment costOperational costsAutomated locker system(ALS)LSP(Light goods delivery)Reduced failed deliveries Reduced costs for transport Access to city Green brandingExtra cost258、s for usagePay-per-use charged to LSPReal estate(fully funded by municipality)Installation of lockers Operating costs(maintenance,surveillance,energy,ICT system)Receivers(Light goods delivery)Reception flexibilityReception accessibilityNo extra costMay not fit every receiver due to travellingNoneTab259、le 1:Example of different types of UFT Business Models28TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGSUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PLANNING STEPS FOR SULP DEVELOPMENTRecommendationsA proposed methodological approach for identifying the viability of the proposed measures in the framework of a SULP/SU260、MP is as follows:1.Adapt the city logistics Business Model Canvas for mapping the value of cooperation for the different stakeholders2.Revise the cooperative business model for increasing robustness and resilience of cooperation3.Evaluate the Business models for assessing the impact in the UFT measu261、res financial viability.SULP Activity 8.3:Agree priorities,responsibilities and timelineThe next implementation step is to agree on the priorities,responsibilities and timeline of the measure that will be developed.This can be achieved by signing a Partnership Agreement or Memorandum of Understandin262、g among the stakeholders involved.The city,or any interested party,can follow the SUMPs assistance(SUMP Activity 8.3.)for implementing this step,as the managerial/administrative procedure in the implementation of any type of measure(on city logistics or mobility)is the same.SULP Activity 8.4:Ensure 263、wide political and public support For the implementation of this step,the city or any interested party can follow the SUMPs instructions related to the corresponding SUMP Activity 8.4.Step 8 Checklist Responsibilities and budget for monitoring and evaluation agreed on All actions identified,defined,264、and described Relationships between actions identified Financial analysis and financial resources secured Timeline defined Political support ensuredTOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING29LIST OF REFERENCESList of referencesA.Stathacopoulos,G.Ayfantopoulou,E.Gagatsi,E.Xenou,M.Vassilantonak265、is,(2017),Understanding UFT:moving from the“citys authority”issue of today to an integrated“city stakeholders”consideration,VREF ConferenceAllen,J.and Browne,M.(2008),Review of Survey Techniques Used in Urban Freight Studies,Report produced as part of the Green Logistics Project,University of Westmi266、nster Allen J.,Browne M.,Cherrett T.(2012),Survey Techniques in Urban Freight Transport Studies,Transport Reviews,Vol.32,No.3,287 311,May 2012Anderson,S.,Allen,J.&Browne,M.(2005).Urban logistics How can it meet policy makers sustainability objectives?Journal of Transport Geography,13(1)71-81 http:/d267、x.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2004.11.002 CIVITAS WIKI consortium.(2015),Making urban freight logistics more sustainable,CIVITAS POLICY NOTE,www.eltis.org,available at:http:/www.eltis.org/resources/tools/civitas-policy-note-making-urban-freight-logistics-more-sustainable.C-LIEGE.(2012),IEE C-LIEGE De268、liverable 4.2 C-LIEGE Toolbox for the establishment of the city logistics manager.EU-INTERREG IVC programme,EU project SUGAR(2008-2011)EU-MED PROGRAMME EU project SMILE(2013-2015),http:/smile-urbanlogistics.eu/EU Competitive and Innovation Programme(CIP)EU project CO-GISTICS(2014-2016)http:/cogistic269、s.eu/European Commission(2011),White Paper,Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area-Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system,COM(2011)144 finalEuropean Commission(2013b)Urban mobility package.COM(2013)913 _finalEuropean Commission(2013a)A call to action on urban logistics.SWD270、(2013)524 finalEuropean Parliament,2010.Directive 2010/40/EU of the European parliament and of the council.Official Journal of the European Union,50,p.207.European Commission(2013),Staff Working Document,A call for smarter urban vehicle access regulations,Brussels,SWD(2013)526 finalEuropean Parliame271、nt(2014),Directive 2014/94/EU on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructureEuropean Parliament(2009)Directive(Directive 2009/33/EC)on the promotion of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehiclesEuropean Commission(2013),Commission Staff Working Document,Guidelines on financial incenti272、ves for clean and energy efficient vehicles,Brussels,SWD(2013)27 finalEuropean Commission(2016),Commission Staff Working Document,The implementation of the 2011 White Paper on Transport“Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area towards a competitive and resource-efficient transport system”five yea273、rs after its publication:achievements and challenges,Brussels,SWD(2016)226 finalEuropean Commission(2011),White Paper,Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area-Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system,COM(2011)144 finalEuropean Parliament(2015),Implementation of the 2011 White274、 paper on transport,European Parliament resolution of 9 September 2015 on the implementation of the 2011 White Paper on Transport:taking stock and the way forward towards sustainable mobility(2015/2005(INI),P8_TA(2015)0310FP 5&FP6 EU project BESTUFS I&II(2000-2008)http:/ 5 EU project CITYFREIGHT(200275、2-2004),http:/www.transport-research.info/project/inter-and-intra-urban-fre ight-distribution-networksFP7 EU project,SMARTFREIGHT(2008-2011),http:/www.smartfreight.info/30TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGLIST OF REFERENCESFP7 EU project TURBLOG.(2011b)Transferability of urban logistic276、s concepts and practices from a worldwide perspective,Deliverable 2 Business Concepts and Models for urban logistics,LisbonFP7 project TURBLOG(2011)Transferability of urban logistics concepts and practices from a worldwide perspective-Deliverable 3.1.“Urban logistics practices-Paris Case Study”Hesse277、,M.(1995),“Urban space and logistics:on the road to sustainability?”,World Transport Policy and Practice,Vol.1 No.4,pp.3945Holgun-Veras,J.,Jaller,M.,Snchez-Daz,I.,Campbell,S.and Lawson,C.T.,2014.Freight generation and freight trip generation models.In Modelling freight transport(pp.43-63).Elsevier.H278、ORIZON 2020 European project NOVELOG(2015),Deliverable 2.4.Urban freight and service scenarios(www.novelog.eu)HORIZON 2020 European NOVELOG project(2015),Deliverable 3.1.“Evaluation Framework”HORIZON 2020 EU project NOVELOG(2015)D4.1.“Integrated inventory of urban freight policies and measures,typol279、ogies and impacts”HORIZON 2020 EU project Optimum,PLAN:Efficiency and Economy through appropriate Mathematical Modelling(https:/civitas.eu/tool-inventory/plan-efficiency-and-economy-through-appropriate-mathematical-modelling)Kiba-Janiak,M.,2017.Urban freight transport in city strategic planning.Rese280、arch in transportation business&management,24,pp.4-16.Kin,B.,Verlinde,S.and Macharis,C.,2017.Sustainable urban freight transport in megacities in emerging markets.Sustainable cities and society,32,pp.31-41.Lindholm,M.E.and Blinge,M.,2014.Assessing knowledge and awareness of the sustainable urban fre281、ight transport among Swedish local authority policy planners.Transport policy,32,pp.124-131.Nathanail,E.,Adamos,G.,Gogas,M.,(2016a).A novel framework for assessing sustainable urban logistics.14th World Conference on Transport Research,Shanghai,China,July,10-15,2016.Quak,H.H.,2008.Sustainability of 282、urban freight transport:Retail distribution and local regulations in cities(No.EPS-2008-124-LIS).United Nations.Around 2.5 Billion More People Will Be Living in Cities by 2050,Projects New UN Report;United Nations Department of Economic Social Affairs:New York,NY,USA,2018.TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URB283、AN LOGISTICS PLANNING31ANNEX I:AGGREGATED SUMP PROCESS FOR SULPhe high UFT problem complexity is attributed to the existence of multiple industrial stakeholders and the fragmented environment of their business operation.Depending on each citys context particularities,i.e.magnitude of the problem,des284、ired level of intervention(city holistic plan or area level action,available time until intervention implementation etc.)local authorities may find it useful or necessary to merge some SUMP activities when developing a SULP.In other cases,the priority in implementing the actions within a SUMP phase 285、might need to change.Figure 16 shows a SUMP step aggregated approach for SULP development,the subsequent table matches this lean process steps with the full SUMP process.Annex I:Aggregated SUMP process for SULP32TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGANNEX I:AGGREGATED SUMP PROCESS FOR SULP286、Figure 16 SULP cycle integrated within SUMPStep 1Step 2Step 3 The inter-departmental team formulatedCitys UFT stakeholders identified Multi-Stakeholder Platform/Freight Quality Partnership created Capacity of resources defined and available Tools availability ensured Legal framework and interrelatio287、n to the SUMP defined MOU/Partnership agreement among the MSPs participants has been signed.Geographic scope defined Relevant policy linkages identified(synergies and conflicts).Initial options for policy integration assessed.Initial prioritisation of integration options decided.Consensus building a288、ctivities implemented Work plan and time plan agreed Citys minimum UFT dataset formulated Data collected Citys UFT characteristics&Influencing Factors defined UFT problems and opportunities definedStep 4Step 5Step 6 Future UFT scenarios co-created with stakeholders Scenarios validated by MSPs partic289、ipants SULP objectives defined and agreed with stakeholders Measurable targets and assessment indicators defined Evaluation Frameworks definedStep 7Step 8 Relevant past experiences considered Supporting tools for potential UFT measures identification available and used Package of measures defined&ag290、reed with the MSPs stakeholders Suitable set of measure indicators selected.Monitoring and evaluation arrangements for all indicators developed.Responsibilities and budget for monitoring and evaluation agreed on.All actions identified,defined,and described.Relationships between actions identified.Fi291、nancial analysis and financial resources secured Timeline defined Political support ensuredChecklistsTOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING33ANNEX I:AGGREGATED SUMP PROCESS FOR SULPSUMPs Implementation StepsSULPs Implementation Steps-in relation to the SUMP MethodologyPhase 1:Preparation&A292、nalysisStep 1:Set up working structuresStep 1:Set up working structuresActivity 1.1:Evaluate capacities and resourcesSULP 1.1.SUMP Activity 1.2.:Create inter-departmental core team&SUMP Activity 2.4.Consider getting external supportActivity 1.2:Create inter-departmental core teamSULP 1.2.-SUMP Activ293、ity 1.3.Ensure political and institutional ownership&SUMP Activity 1.4:Plan stakeholder and citizen involvement&Activity 1.3:Ensure political and institutional ownershipSULP 1.3.-SUMP activity 1.1.Evaluate capacities and resourcesActivity 1.4:Plan stakeholder and citizen involvementStep 2:Determine 294、planning frameworkStep 2:Determine planning frameworkActivity 2.1:Assess planning requirements and define geographic scope(based on functional urban area)SULP 2.1.-SUMP Activity 2.1:Assess planning requirements and define geographic scope(based on functional urban area)Activity 2.2:Link with other p295、lanning processesSULP 2.2.SUMP Activity 2.2.:Link with other planning processesActivity 2.3:Agree timeline and work planSULP 2.3.-New Activity:Involve the stakeholders in the planning processActivity 2.4:Consider getting external supportSULP 2.4.-SUMP Activity 2.3:Agree timeline and work planStep 3:296、Analyse mobility situationStep 3:Analyse UFT situationActivity 3.1:Identify information sources and cooperate with data owners SULP 3.1.-SUMP Activity 3.1.Assess&improve Citys knowledge on its UFT profileActivity 3.2:Analyse problems and opportunities(all modes)SUMP 3.2.-SUMP Activity 3.2:Analyse pr297、oblems and opportunities(all modes)Phase 2:Strategy developmentStep 4:Build and jointly assess scenariosStep 4:Build and jointly assess scenariosActivity 4.1.Develop scenarios of potential futuresSULP 4.1.-Activity 4.1.Develop scenarios of potential futuresActivity 4.2.Discuss scenarios with citizen298、s and stakeholdersSULP 4.2.-Activity 4.2.Discuss scenarios with citizens and stakeholdersStep 5:Develop vision and objectives with stakeholdersStep 5:Develop vision and objectives with stakeholdersActivity 5.1:Agree common vision of mobility and beyondSULP 5.1.-SUMP Activity 5.1.-Agree common vision299、 of mobility and beyond 39 Activity 5.2:Co-create objectives for all modes with stakeholdersSULP 5.2.-SUMP Activity 5.2.-Co-create objectives for all modes with stakeholdersTable 2:SULPs Implementation Steps.Comparison with the SUMP process39 It is strongly recommended,that the SULP Activity 5,1 be 300、based on the main outputs of the corresponding SULP Activity 5.1.in order to avoid any inconsistencies.*The coloured circles show the interrelation among the SUMP and the SULP steps34TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGANNEX I:AGGREGATED SUMP PROCESS FOR SULPSUMPs Implementation StepsSUL301、Ps Implementation Steps-in relation to the SUMP MethodologyStep 6:Set targets and indicatorsStep 6:Set targets and indicatorsActivity 6.1:Identify indicators for all objectives SULP 6.1.-SUMP Activity 6.1:Identify indicators for all objectives Activity 6.2.Agree measurable targetsSULP 6.1.-SUMP Acti302、vity 6.2.Agree measurable targetsPhase 3:Measure PlanningStep 7:Select measure packages with stakeholdersStep 7:Select measure packages with stakeholdersActivity 7.1:Create and assess long list of measures with stakeholdersSULP 7.1.SUMP Activity 7.1.&7.2.:Create and assess long list of measures with303、 stakeholders&Define integrated measure packagesActivity 7.2:Define integrated measure packagesSULP 7.2.-SUMP Activity 7.3.,Plan measure evaluation and monitoringActivity 7.3:Plan measure evaluation and monitoringStep 8:Agree actions and responsibilitiesStep 8:Agree actions and responsibilitiesActiv304、ity 8.1:Describe all actionsSULP 8.1.-SUMP Activity 8.1.Describe all actions(Follow the instructions of SUMP Guidelines)Activity 8.2:Estimate costs and identify funding sourcesSULP 8.2.SUMP Activity 8.2.,Estimate costs and identify funding sourcesActivity 8.3:Agree priorities,responsibilities and ti305、melineSULP 8.3.-SUMP Activity 8.3.Agree priorities,responsibilities and timelineActivity 8.4:Ensure wide political and public supportSULP 8.4.-SUMP Activity 8.4.:Ensure wide political and public supportStep 9:Agree actions and responsibilitiesFollow the instructions and recommendations mentioned in 306、the updated SUMP GuidelinesPhase 4:Implementation and monitoringFollow the instructions and recommendations mentioned in the updated SUMP GuidelinesTOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING35ANNEX I:UFT DATA&SURVEYSAnnex II provides guidance on how to implement a comprehensive urban freight d307、ata collection40 by presenting:1)an extensive list on all type of urban freight data that could be collected per type of urban freight 40 For more information and detail please refer to the NOVELOG D2.1.”Framework for Data,Information and Knowledge Collection for Urban Freight and Service Demand Und308、erstanding(https:/ec.europa.eu/research/participants/documents/downloadPublic?documentIds=080166e5a5d21478&appId=PPGMS)aspect(Table 3)and 2)all the types and different techniques that exist in literature which on how this data can be collected.Annex I:UFT Data&SurveysAspects of urban freight transpo309、rtSpecific topics about which data can be collectedVehicle delivery/collection trips at establishments in the urban areaType of establishment Size of establishment Employees at establishment No.of deliveries/collections Delivery/collection frequency Size/type of delivery/collection No.of waste colle310、ctions Other deliveries/collections Time of day Variation by day of week Variation during year Type/size of vehicle Whether vehicles deliver and collect jointly Type of vehicle operator(own account,logistics company,parcels carrier etc.)Whether vehicles based at establishment Vehicle types/sizes Del311、iveries/home deliveries made by vehicles at the establishmentGoods flows to/from establishments in the urban areaType of establishment Size of establishment Employees at establishment Type and quantity of goods delivered/collected Frequency of goods flow Time of day Variation by day of week Variatio312、n during yearService trips to establishments in the urban areaType and number of service tripsTime of dayVariation by day of weekVariation during yearType/size of vehicleTime taken to carry out serviceTable 3:Data to be collected per UFT aspect(Allen and Browne,2008)36TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN L313、OGISTICS PLANNINGANNEX I:UFT DATA&SURVEYSAspects of urban freight transportSpecific topics about which data can be collectedTrip details and patterns of goods/service vehicles in the urban areaType of operator Vehicle type Vehicle weight Type of goods carried and delivered/collected Type of establis314、hments/land use served Type of vehicle round(single/multi-drop;deliveries/collections)No.of stops per round No.of rounds per day Distance between stops Journey time Vehicle speed Driving time:stationary time Journey length Vehicle crew size Vehicle load factor Empty running Vehicle time utilization 315、Start and finish time Origin and destination/s Type and quantity of goods/equipment carried Fuel consumptionLoading/unloading activity of goods vehicles in the urban areaType of vehicle Time of day Load/unload/location(on-&off-street etc.)Time taken to load/unload Dwell time of vehicle Number of del316、iveries/collections by driver from vehicle without moving it Legal:illegal loading activities Type of contravention during loadingParking activity of service vehicles in the urban area Type of vehicle Time of day Parking location(on-&off-street,etc.)Time taken for service Dwell time of vehicle Numbe317、r of servicing task by driver without moving vehicle Legal:/illegal parking activities Type of contravention during parkingMovement of goods between vehicles and establishments in the urban areaMethod of goods handling from vehicle to establishment Type of delivery packaging used Proximity of locati318、on to delivery/collection point Quantity of goods End destination for delivery(shop floor,stock room etc.)Whether staff from establishment need to be present Whether signature is required Whether goods have to be checked by receiverOrigin location of goods flow/vehicle trip to establishment in the u319、rban area Origin of goods Origin of delivery journey Type/land use of establishment vehicle dispatched from Ordering and stockholding arrangements at urban premises Whether stock is held Size of stockholding space Order lead times Ordering systemSupply chain management between establishments,their s320、uppliers and freight transport operators Type of supply chain No.of dispatch points to establishment Whether delivery/collection is regular or ad hoc Who organizes delivery/collection time Who resolves delivery/collection problemsTOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNING37ANNEX I:UFT DATA&SUR321、VEYS4141 Source:Allen and Browne,2008;Allen,Browne and Cherrett,2012Survey techniqueEstablishment surveyExplanationMain method used in studies to collect data about total goods vehicle trips to/from particular establishments,and variation by time,day and month.Can also be used to capture data about 322、type of goods delivered/collected.How it is conductedFace-to-face,telephone or self-completionWhich aspects of urban freight it is most suited to addressingVehicle delivery/collection trips at establishments in the urban area Goods flows to/from establishments in the urban area Service trips to esta323、blishments in the urban area Loading/unloading activity of goods vehicles in the urban area Movement of goods between vehicles and establishments in the urban area Origin location of goods flow/vehicle trip to establishment in the urban area Ordering and stockholding arrangements at urban establishm324、ent Supply chain management between establishments,their suppliers and freight transport operatorsKey strengths and weaknesses(+depicts a strength;-depicts a weakness;=depicts a neutral point)+Can provide both goods flow and vehicle activity data+Links goods flow and vehicle activity to business sec325、tor/land use/supply chain-Respondents often not very knowledgeable about goods vehicle type,loading/unloading locations and times-Relies on knowledge and recall of respondents-Response rates can be adversely affected if survey takes too long to complete-Does not provide insight into vehicle rounds-S326、urveying relatively expensive on a per establishment basisSurvey techniqueCommodity flow survey ExplanationSimilar to establishment survey,but used to collect detailed information about type and quantity of goods flowing to/from particular establishments rather than focusing on goods vehicle trips.H327、ow it is conductedFace-to-face,telephone or self-completionWhich aspects of urban freight it is most suited to addressingGoods flows to/from establishments in the urban areaKey strengths and weaknesses(+depicts a strength;-depicts a weakness;=depicts a neutral point)+Links goods flow to business sec328、tor/land use/supply chain-Only collects basic information about vehicle activity=Mostly used as an input to freight modellingSurvey techniqueCommodity flow survey ExplanationProvides the opportunity for collecting wide ranging data about the pattern of the companies goods vehicle activities in the u329、rban area.Allows opportunity to obtain data about the entire fleet rather than a single vehicle or round(as in vehicle trip diary the two types of survey can be used in conjunction).Can be used to collect data about loading/unloading activity and movement of goods from vehicle to establishment but t330、his is usually best gathered via a driver survey or vehicle observation survey.Table 4:Urban freight survey techniques(Allen and Browne,2008;Allen,Browne and Cherrett,2012)41 38TOPIC GUIDE:SUSTAINABLE URBAN LOGISTICS PLANNINGANNEX I:UFT DATA&SURVEYSHow it is conductedFace-to-face,telephone or self-c331、ompletionWhich aspects of urban freight it is most suited to addressingTrip details and patterns of goods vehicles in the urban area Loading/unloading activity of goods vehicles in the urban area Movement of goods between vehicles and establishments in the urban area Origin location of goods flow/ve332、hicle trip to establishment in the urban areaKey strengths and weaknesses(+depicts a strength;-depicts a weakness;=depicts a neutral point)+Provides data about an entire goods vehicle fleet and its activities+Can be especially useful if studying fleet productivity or fuel efficiency-Does not provide333、 the same level of detail about individual goods vehicle trips and activities as a driver or vehicle observation surveySurvey techniqueDriver survey ExplanationUsed to gather data about the drivers overall trip pattern,as well as information about the loading/unloading/servicing activity in the street in which the survey takes place and in general(including time taken,loading/parking locations,met