1、球还ten hours. The man was ordered to pay &345 for the cost of the trip. The normal price of a ticket is &230 !Lesson47 A thirsty ghost 嗜酒的鬼魂A public house which was recently bought by Mr Ian Thompson is up for sale. Mr Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunted. He told me that he could not g2、o to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved. Though Mr Thompson had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning. He also said that he had 3、found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk the night before. When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, Mr Thompson shook his head. The villagers have told him that they will not accept the inn even if he gives it away. Lesson48 Did you want to tell4、 me something? 你想对我说什么吗？Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer. My dentist had just pulled out one of my teeth and had told me to rest for a while. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton-wool. He knew I collected birds eggs and asked me whether my co5、llection was growing. He then asked me how my brother was and whether I liked my new job in London. In answer to these questions I either nodded or made strange noises. Meanwhile, my tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been. I suddenly felt very worried, but could not say anyt6、hing. When the dentist at last removed the cotton-wool from my mouth, I was able to tell him that he had pulled out the wrong tooth. Lesson49 The end of a dream 美梦告终Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed. For the first time in his life, he became 7、the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress. Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the c8、ourtyard below. The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress 9、and carried it into his house. After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.Lesson50 Taken for a ride 乘车兜风I love travelling in the country, but I dont like losing my way. I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected. Im going to Woodford Green, I s10、aid to the conductor as I got on the bus, but I dont know where it is. Ill tell you where to get off, answered the conductor. I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside. After some time, the bus stopped. Looking round, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger le11、ft on the bus. Youll have to get off here, the conductor said. This is as far as we go. Is this Woodford Green ? I asked. Oh dear, said the conductor suddenly. I forgot to put you off. It doesnt matter, I said. Ill get off here. We are going back now, said the conductor. Well, in that case, I prefer12、 to stay on the bus, I answered.Lesson51 Reward for virtue 对美德的奖赏My friend, Herbert, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most13、 of the things Herbert loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he w14、as very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags15、 of sweets! Lesson52 A pretty carpet 漂亮的地毯We have just moved into a new house and I have been working hard all morning. I have been trying to get my new room in order. This has not been easy because I own over a thousand books. To make matters worse, the room is rather small, so I have temporarily p16、ut my books on the floor. At the moment, they cover every inch of floor space and I actually have to walk on them to get in or out of the room. A short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs. She went into my room and got a big surprise when she saw all those b17、ooks on the floor. This is the prettiest carpet I have ever seen, she said. She gazed at it for some time then added, You dont need bookcases at all. You can sit here in your spare time and read the carpet! Lesson53 Hot snake 触电的蛇At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since th18、en, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fire are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that a cigarette 19、end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a fireman accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird h20、ad snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.Lesson54 Sticky fingers 粘糊的手指After breakfast, I sent the children to school and then I wen21、t to market. It was still early when I returned home. The children were at school, my husband was at work and the house was quiet. So I decided to make some tarts for tea. In a short time I was busy mixing butter and flour and my hands were soon covered with sticky pastry. At exactly that moment, th22、e telephone rang. Nothing could have been more annoying. I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers and was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Mrs Bates. It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later. At last I hung up the receiver. What a mess! There was pastry on my finge23、rs, on the telephone, and on the door-knobs. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the door-bell rang loud enough to wake the dead. This time it was the postman and he wanted me to sign for a registered letter !Lesson55 Not a gold mine 并非金矿Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true rece24、ntly. A new machine called The Revealer has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground. The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where-it is said-pirates used to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it. A25、rmed with the new machine, a search party went he did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.Lesson58 A blessing in disguise? 是因祸得福吗？The tiny village of Frinley is said to possess a cursed tr26、ee. Because the tree was mentioned in a newspaper, the number of visitors to Frinley has now increased. The tree was planted near a church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has gained an evil reputation. It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if he p27、icks a leaf, he will die. Many villagers believe that the tree has already claimed a number of victims. The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused. He has pointed out that the tree is a useful source of income as tourists have been coming from all parts of the coun28、try to see it. In spite of all that has been said, the tourists-have been picking leaves and cutting their names on the tree-trunk. So far, not one of them has been struck down by sudden death!Lesson59 In or out ？ 进来还是出去？Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark. Every time he wanted29、 to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was going out shopping last week, I not30、iced him in the garden near the gate. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out ! Since then, he has developed another bad habit. As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out31、. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since. Lesson60 The future 卜算未来At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortune-teller called Madam Bellinsky. I went into her tent and she told me t32、o sit down. After I had given her some money, she looked into a crystal ball and said: A relation of yours is coming to see you. She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman you know well will rush towards 33、you. She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all. As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. Where have you been hiding ? she asked impatiently. Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be 34、at the station to meet her. We are late already. As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair. Lesson61 Trouble with the Hubble 哈勃望远镜的困境In future, astronauts will be required to descend from a spaceship while it is still in space and to return to it. The ability to do this will be necessary in35、 future flights to distant planets. Scientists are now trying to discover if this is possible. The spaceship Astra which left the earth a short time ago, will be travelling three hundred miles into space. At a certain point, the Astra will stop for a short time and an astronaut will attempt to leave36、 the stationary spaceship and then return to it. We shall not know whether the experiment has been successful until we have received a radio message. The first message is expected to arrive at 7 oclock this evening. By that time, the Astra will have been flying through space for seventeen hours and 37、will have circled the earth a great many times. When the first radio messages have been received, the results of the trip will be announced immediately.Lesson62 After the fire 大火之后Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time be38、fore, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious flo39、ods as well. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain40、. By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil. Lesson63 She was not amused 她并不觉得好笑Geoffrey Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popul41、ar at parties. Everybody admires him for his fine sense of humor-everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny. Recently, one of Geoffreys closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception. This is the sort of thing that Geoffrey loves. He prepared the speech carefully 42、and went to the wedding with Jenny. He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech and, of course, it was a great success. As soon as he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home. Geoffrey was a little disappointed by this but he did as his daughter asked. On the way home, he43、 asked Jenny if she had enjoyed the speech. To his surprise, she said she hadnt. Geoffrey asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him!Lesson64 The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道In l858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a44、 plan for a twenty-one mile tunnel across the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea-level. In 1860, a be45、tter plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low. He suggested that a double railway tunnel should be built. This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. Forty-two years later a tunnel was actually begun. If, at the tim46、e, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed. Recently, there has again been great interest in the idea of a Channel Tunnel. If it is built, it will connect Britain to Europe for the first time in history.Lesson65 Jumbo versus the police 小象对警察Last Christmas, the circus owner,47、 Jimmy Gates, decided to take some presents to a childrens hospital. Dressed up as Father Christmas and accompanied by a guard of honour of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city riding a baby elephant called Jumbo. He, should have known that the police would never allow this 48、sort of thing. A policeman approached Jimmy and told him he ought to have gone along a side-street as Jumbo was holding up the traffic. Though Jimmy agreed to go at once, Jumbo refused to move. Fifteen policemen had to push very hard to get him off the main street. The police had a difficult time, b49、ut they were most amused. Jumbo must weigh a few tons, said a policeman afterwards, so it was fortunate that we didnt have to carry him. Of course, we should arrest him, but as he has a good record, we shall let him off this time.Lesson66 Sweet as honey! 像蜜一样甜！The Hatheld Puffin is a modern aero-pla50、ne, but its designer, Mr John Wimpenny, is finding it difficult to get it off the ground. The reason for this is that this plane is also a bicycle. Its pilot has to pedal hard to get it into the air. After Mr Wimpenny had the plane built, it was tested thoroughly. In 1961, it was the first man-power51、ed aircraft to fly half a mile. While being flown by a champion amateur cyclist in 1963, the plane crashed on an airfield. Since then, Mr Wimpenny has had it rebuilt. He has had the length of the wings increased so that they now measure 93 feet-almost as long as those of a Dakota. Many people大米加工厂扩建52、项目可行性研究报告57球还是水球？The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. Sudd53、enly, one of the children kicked a ten hours. The man was ordered to pay &345 for the cost of the trip. The normal price of a ticket is &230 !Lesson47 A thirsty ghost 嗜酒的鬼魂A public house which was recently bought by Mr Ian Thompson is up for sale. Mr Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunte54、d. He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved. Though Mr Thompson had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the m55、orning. He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk the night before. When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, Mr Thompson shook his head. The villagers have told him that they will not accept the inn even if he gives it aw56、ay. Lesson48 Did you want to tell me something? 你想对我说什么吗？Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer. My dentist had just pulled out one of my teeth and had told me to rest for a while. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton-wool. He knew I collected bird57、s eggs and asked me whether my collection was growing. He then asked me how my brother was and whether I liked my new job in London. In answer to these questions I either nodded or made strange noises. Meanwhile, my tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been. I suddenly felt ver58、y worried, but could not say anything. When the dentist at last removed the cotton-wool from my mouth, I was able to tell him that he had pulled out the wrong tooth. Lesson49 The end of a dream 美梦告终Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed. For the f59、irst time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress. Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roo60、f and sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the 61、man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house. After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.Lesson50 Taken for a ride 乘车兜风I love travelling in the country, but I dont like losing my way. I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected62、. Im going to Woodford Green, I said to the conductor as I got on the bus, but I dont know where it is. Ill tell you where to get off, answered the conductor. I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside. After some time, the bus stopped. Looking round, I realized with a shock63、 that I was the only passenger left on the bus. Youll have to get off here, the conductor said. This is as far as we go. Is this Woodford Green ? I asked. Oh dear, said the conductor suddenly. I forgot to put you off. It doesnt matter, I said. Ill get off here. We are going back now, said the conduc64、tor. Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus, I answered.Lesson51 Reward for virtue 对美德的奖赏My friend, Herbert, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were 65、forbidden. The list included most of the things Herbert loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under h66、is desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large67、 bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets! Lesson52 A pretty carpet 漂亮的地毯We have just moved into a new house and I have been working hard all morning. I have been trying to get my new room in order. This has not been easy because I own over a thousand books. To make matters worse, the room is rath68、er small, so I have temporarily put my books on the floor. At the moment, they cover every inch of floor space and I actually have to walk on them to get in or out of the room. A short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs. She went into my room and got a big 69、surprise when she saw all those books on the floor. This is the prettiest carpet I have ever seen, she said. She gazed at it for some time then added, You dont need bookcases at all. You can sit here in your spare time and read the carpet! Lesson53 Hot snake 触电的蛇At last firemen have put out a big fo70、rest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fire are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were 71、also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a fireman accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was 72、simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.Lesson54 Sticky fingers 粘糊的手指After breakfast, I sent the 73、children to school and then I went to market. It was still early when I returned home. The children were at school, my husband was at work and the house was quiet. So I decided to make some tarts for tea. In a short time I was busy mixing butter and flour and my hands were soon covered with sticky p74、astry. At exactly that moment, the telephone rang. Nothing could have been more annoying. I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers and was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Mrs Bates. It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later. At last I hung up the receiver. What a m75、ess! There was pastry on my fingers, on the telephone, and on the door-knobs. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the door-bell rang loud enough to wake the dead. This time it was the postman and he wanted me to sign for a registered letter !Lesson55 Not a gold mine 并非金矿Dreams of finding lo76、st treasure almost came true recently. A new machine called The Revealer has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground. The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where-it is said-pirates used to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the ca77、ve and then fail to collect it. Armed with the new machine, a search party went he did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.Lesson58 A blessing in disguise? 是因祸得福吗？The tiny village of Frinl78、ey is said to possess a cursed tree. Because the tree was mentioned in a newspaper, the number of visitors to Frinley has now increased. The tree was planted near a church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has gained an evil reputation. It is said that if anyone touches the tre79、e, he will have bad luck; if he picks a leaf, he will die. Many villagers believe that the tree has already claimed a number of victims. The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused. He has pointed out that the tree is a useful source of income as tourists have been 80、coming from all parts of the country to see it. In spite of all that has been said, the tourists-have been picking leaves and cutting their names on the tree-trunk. So far, not one of them has been struck down by sudden death!Lesson59 In or out ？ 进来还是出去？Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front ga81、te and bark. Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was go82、ing out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out ! Since then, he has developed another bad habit. As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and83、 barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since. Lesson60 The future 卜算未来At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortune-teller called Madam Bellinsky. I wen84、t into her tent and she told me to sit down. After I had given her some money, she looked into a crystal ball and said: A relation of yours is coming to see you. She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman85、 you know well will rush towards you. She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all. As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. Where have you been hiding ? she asked impatiently. Your sister will be here in 86、less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We are late already. As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair. Lesson61 Trouble with the Hubble 哈勃望远镜的困境In future, astronauts will be required to descend from a spaceship while it is still in space and to return to it. The abilit87、y to do this will be necessary in future flights to distant planets. Scientists are now trying to discover if this is possible. The spaceship Astra which left the earth a short time ago, will be travelling three hundred miles into space. At a certain point, the Astra will stop for a short time and a88、n astronaut will attempt to leave the stationary spaceship and then return to it. We shall not know whether the experiment has been successful until we have received a radio message. The first message is expected to arrive at 7 oclock this evening. By that time, the Astra will have been flying throu89、gh space for seventeen hours and will have circled the earth a great many times. When the first radio messages have been received, the results of the trip will be announced immediately.Lesson62 After the fire 大火之后Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get 90、it under control. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the91、 soil but would cause serious floods as well. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. The planes had been planting seed for nea92、rly a month when it began to rain. By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil. Lesson63 She was not amused 她并不觉得好笑Geoffrey Hampden has a large ci93、rcle of friends and is very popular at parties. Everybody admires him for his fine sense of humor-everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny. Recently, one of Geoffreys closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception. This is the sort of thing that Geoffrey loves. 94、He prepared the speech carefully and went to the wedding with Jenny. He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech and, of course, it was a great success. As soon as he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home. Geoffrey was a little disappointed by this but he did as his da95、ughter asked. On the way home, he asked Jenny if she had enjoyed the speech. To his surprise, she said she hadnt. Geoffrey asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him!Lesson64 The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道In l858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de 96、Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one mile tunnel across the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were bui97、lt above sea-level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low. He suggested that a double railway tunnel should be built. This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. Forty-two years later a tunnel w98、as actually begun. If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed. Recently, there has again been great interest in the idea of a Channel Tunnel. If it is built, it will connect Britain to Europe for the first time in history.Lesson65 Jumbo versus the police 小象对警察99、Last Christmas, the circus owner, Jimmy Gates, decided to take some presents to a childrens hospital. Dressed up as Father Christmas and accompanied by a guard of honour of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city riding a baby elephant called Jumbo. He, should have known that t100、he police would never allow this sort of thing. A policeman approached Jimmy and told him he ought to have gone along a side-street as Jumbo was holding up the traffic. Though Jimmy agreed to go at once, Jumbo refused to move. Fifteen policemen had to push very hard to get him off the main street. T101、he police had a difficult time, but they were most amused. Jumbo must weigh a few tons, said a policeman afterwards, so it was fortunate that we didnt have to carry him. Of course, we should arrest him, but as he has a good record, we shall let him off this time.Lesson66 Sweet as honey! 像蜜一样甜！The Ha102、theld Puffin is a modern aero-plane, but its designer, Mr John Wimpenny, is finding it difficult to get it off the ground. The reason for this is that this plane is also a bicycle. Its pilot has to pedal hard to get it into the air. After Mr Wimpenny had the plane built, it was tested thoroughly. In103、 1961, it was the first man-powered aircraft to fly half a mile. While being flown by a champion amateur cyclist in 1963, the plane crashed on an airfield. Since then, Mr Wimpenny has had it rebuilt. He has had the length of the wings increased so that they now measure 93 feet-almost as long as thos104、e of a Dakota. Many people ont door. It had been wrapped up目 录第一章 总 论11.2可行性研究报告编制依据71.3综合评价7第二章 项目背景及必要性82.1项目建设背景82.2项目建设的必要性及目的意义9第三章 项目建设条件113.1项目区概况113.2项目建设条件优劣势分析14第四章 建设单位基本情况184.1概况184.2研发能力194.3公司财务状况194.4法人代表基本情况19第五章 市场分析与销售方案205.1市场分析205.2销售策略、方案和营销模式235.3市场风险分析24第六章 项目建设方案256.1建设任务和规模2105、56.2 建设规划和布局256.3生产技术方案及工艺流程266.4项目建设标准和具体建设内容286.5项目实施进度安排30第七章 投资概算与资金来源317.1投资概算依据317.2投资概算317.3资金来源327.4资金使用和管理32第八章 财务评价348.1财务评价依据348.2销售收入、销售税金及附加估算348.3总成本及经营成本估算358.4财务效益分析368.5不确定性分析378.6财务评价结论38第九章 环境影响评价399.1环境状况399.2环境保护与治理措施399.3环评与审批41第十章 农业产业化经营与农民增收效果评价4210.1农业产业化经营4210.2农民增收、农业增效平价106、4410.3其他社会影响45第十一章 项目组织与管理4611.1组织机构与职能划分4611.2项目经营管理模式4711.3经营管理措施4711.4技术培训4811.5劳动保护与安全卫生48第十二章 结论与建议5012.1可行性研究结论5012.2存在的问题与建议51第一章 总 论1.1项目概要1.1.1项目单位基本情况项目建设单位：吉林省松原市鑫丰米业有限公司所有制形式：有限公司财务状况：截止到2006年12月底，企业资产合计达915.96万元，企业负债率43.08%。银行信用等级AA级。1.1.2项目建设内容项目名称：年加工6万吨稻谷大米扩建项目建设性质：扩建建设地点：松原市宁江区江南铁西街107、161-1号建设规模：利用原有9000平方米厂房，新建原料库、成品库及辅料库，经改扩建后使公司年加工稻谷能力达到6万吨的生产规模。建设内容：扩建生产所需的基础设施及产品检测设备等。1.1.3项目建设方案技术来源及先进性：公司拥有技术员5名，对水稻的种植实行常年、全方位的跟踪指导服务。具有项目实施的优越条件，可为该项目的实施提供强有力的技术保障。进度安排： 2007.52008.4市场营销方案：采用建立品牌形象、提升服务质量、发展顾客关系，提高顾客忠诚度模式。产品的销往国内大中城市。组织管理方案：公司建立完善的现代化管理体系，实行经理领导下的逐级分工责任制，严格执行ISO9001/2000国际质108、量认证标准。1.1.4投资概算及资金来源本项目总投资为600.53万元，其中：固定资产投资401.48万元，建设期资金占用费为3.56万元，流动资金195.49万元。项目申请财政资金396万元，其中：中央财政资金264万元，地方配套资金132万元。企业自筹资金204.53万元。1.1.5主要技术经济指标表11 主要技术经济指标表序号名 称单位数量备注1总投资万元600.532固定资产投资万元401.483有偿资金占用费万元3.564流动资金万元195.49达产年份5产品销售收入万元4616.10各年平均值6销售税金及附加万元74.20各年平均值7总成本费用万元4337.29各年平均值8利润总额109、万元204.61各年平均值9所得税万元67.53各年平均值10税后利润万元137.09各年平均值11总投资利润率%34.0712总投资利税率%46.43含增值税13成本利润率%4.7214销售利润率%5.1915贷款（财政有偿）偿还期年3.45包括建设期16盈亏平衡点%62.68各年平均值17所得税前投资回收期年3.9518所得税前净现值万元908.76ic=10%19所得税前财务内部收益率%38.46增量1.2可行性研究报告编制依据1、国家农业综合开发办公室关于印发2008年农业综合开发投资产业化经营项目申报指南的通知；2、国家农业综合开发多种经营项目可行性研究报告编写大纲及编制的有关要求;110、3、建设单位与吉林省绿色食品研究院签订的委托合同；4、建设单位提供的有关基础资料及实际情况。1.3综合评价企业扩建后将会增强企业的竞争后劲及产业的带动作用，实现规模化经营，产业化管理，可促进当地经济的发展，又为企业创造丰厚的利润，同时提高农民的收入，解决农村劳动力过剩，使他们尽快脱贫致富奔小康。稻米工业的加速发展，为保障安全优质大米的供给，促进稻谷的增值转化，带动农业经济结构调整，以及在农民增收、农业增效和养殖产品竞争力增强等方面发挥了重要的作用，在带动当地种植产业的发展的同时，此项目的产品将产生良好的经济效益和社会效益。第二章 项目背景及必要性第二章 项目背景及必要性2.1项目建设背景农业是111、国民经济的基础，粮食是基础的基础，是人类赖以生存、繁衍和发展的必要条件，也是食品工业的基础，粮食加工业又是所有食品工业的基本原料来源。如果没有粮食和粮食加工业，人类将没有自下而上所需的最基本的物质基础。中国粮食加工业已有几千年的历史，而中国更是世界上最早使用石臼、石磨等原始工具加工稻麦谷菽的国家之一。随着人类社会文明和科技的进步，现代粮食加工业已发展成为提供食品基础原料的重要产业。目前，中国农业和农村经济已经进入了一个新的发展阶段，农业由解决温饱的需要转向适应小康生活的需要，人们对农产品的品种和质量有了更高的要求。越来越多的人们进超级市场，选购自己喜好的高质量优质米。但是，中国的优质米生产开发112、还处于起步阶段，问题还不少，主要表现为：（1）市场份额低。据有关数据表明，优质米在稻米市场上只占10上下。（2）产品雷同。品种少，品牌特色不明显。（3）生产过程难以控制，产品质量不稳定。造成这些问题的原因是多方面的，但其根本原因是行业分隔、产销脱节。缺少优质米生产基地，是众多稻米加工企业面临的共同问题。为了提高稻米质量，发展优质米生产，必须走优质米产业化的道路，即把科研、生产、加工和销售联接起来，形成优质米生产一条龙的产业链。随着粮食流通体制改革的不断深入和粮食购销市场进程的加快，吉林省水稻生产和大米加工产业在全省农业经济发展中越来越占有重要的地位，对农民增产增收、致富奔小康具有重要的现实意义113、和深远的社会影响。2.2项目建设的必要性及目的意义2.2.1项目建设的必要性一是确保粮农收入增加的需要。切实增加粮农收入是巩固和发展粮食生产的根本保证。适应市场需要，发展优质粮；改善生产条件，提高粮食的减灾抗灾能力；加强加工和流通环节，延长粮食产业链条，这些都是增加粮农收入的重要途径。二是确保粮食产业化开发的需要。吉林省粮食生产主要以家庭联产承包制形式进行，生产高度分散，组织化程度低，抵御市场风险的能力差。只有发展加工企业和流通体系，通过企业和农村经济组织的串联作用和组织作用，粮食生产才能由分散走向联合，由无序到有序，由封闭到开放，形成“公司+基地、基地联农户”的产业化格局。以确保优质粮生产的114、市场适应性、技术和品种的先进性、生产的统一性。三是确保粮食增产提质的需要。松原市属中温带大陆性季风气候区。春季干旱少雨，升温较快；夏季炎热，降水集中；秋季凉爽，变温快，温差大，天气晴朗；冬季漫长，降雪量小，寒冷干燥。年平均气温4.5，气候温和，雨量充沛，光照充足，发展优质稻谷的潜力很大。2.2.1项目建设的意义该项目的实施，有利于科技推广，可使先进的科技成果迅速得到推广应用，从而提高农产品的科技含量和附加值。通过增加科技投入，实现集约经营。同时为广大农科人员提供广阔的用武之地，使他们把全部精力投入到农业技术推广工作中去，真正做到学有所用，通过配套建设，实施机械化作业，不仅可以改善农业生产条件，115、增加耕地有效面积，提高劳动生产率，而且可以实现节水栽培的目的。实施该项目，可使一部分农民在不减少收入的前提下，从土地中解放出来，通过发展其它种养业或到城市从事二、三产业，进一步提高收入水平。为促进农村产业结构调整和农村剩余劳动力的转移，有效解决“三农”问题找到了切入点和突破口。同时，进一步促进当地农业产品健康有序发展，使农民脱贫致富，更好的增加国家、地方财政收入，使企业具有良好的经济效益、社会效益及环境效益。第三章 项目建设条件第三章 项目建设条件3.1项目区概况3.1.1地理位置及区域范围松原市位于吉林省中西部，介于东经1236至12611，北纬4359至4532之间，东西长240公里，南北116、宽172.4公里，总幅员面积22034平方公里。南与长春、四平市为邻，西与白城市、内蒙古哲盟接壤，北隔松花江与黑龙江省相望。松原市地处松嫩平原，地势平坦开阔，起伏和缓。地形主要由松嫩冲击平原、松辽分水岭台地平原组成，海拔高度在130米至266米之间。全市幅员面积22万平方公里，辖宁江区、扶余县、前郭尔罗斯蒙古族自治县(简称前郭县)、长岭县、乾安县和3个省级经济开发区(松原经济技术开发区、松原农业高新技术开发区和查干湖旅游经济开发区)，总人口278万人。3.1.2自然资源状况松原幅员辽阔，地上地下资源富集，素有“粮仓、肉库、渔乡、油海”之美誉。资源特点可以用“一黑、一黄、一绿、一白”来概括。一黑117、，就是地下有以石油为主的丰富的矿产资源，其中石油总储量达26亿吨，已探明储量10.8亿吨，天然气储量185亿立方米，油母页岩储量80亿吨，中国陆上第六大油田吉林油田就座落在松原，2004年原油产量达到505万吨。一黄，就是松原地处世界黄金玉米带上，是全国重要的商品粮基地，盛产玉米、大豆等作物，常年粮食产量在500万吨以上，最高年产量达580万吨。一绿，就是松原地处世界三大草原之一的科尔沁草原和松嫩平原的交汇处，是欧亚草原带延伸的东端，也是吉林省草原比较集中、面积较大的地区之一，全市有草原面积53万公顷。一白，就是境内有“三江、一河、一湖”（第一松花江、第二松花江、嫩江、拉林河、查干湖），江河总118、径流量398亿立方米，总流域面积8012平方公里，有可养鱼水面100万亩。3.1.3社会经济状况近年来松原市工业发展较快，财政收入超过34亿元，但农村经济还相对较弱。为了加快发展农业生产，扎扎实实推动新农村建设，全市通过工业反哺加大了对农业的投入。目前为止，仅投入农村基础设施建设的资金就超过4300万元，共新建乡村道路近200公里，打抗旱井1000多眼，购置各种农机具近1600台套，还新建和完善了乡村的排水、提水、沼气等设施。同时，投入3000多万元发展特色、绿色产业，建成各类专业村屯41个，新建牧业小区33个、蔬菜大棚1000多栋，生产绿色有机农产品3000多万公斤，实现产值1亿多元。特别是119、政府和企业联手加大了对农民的培训力度，全年投入近1亿元，培训农民20多万人次，大大提高了农民生产致富的能力。产业带动是松原市新农村建设的最大亮点。全市狠抓农业产业化经营，根据当地农产品资源和市场情况，全力培育发展农产品加工业。几年来，全市规模以上农业产业化龙头企业已发展到380多家，2006年农产品转化量已达到350万吨，比上一年增长20%。龙头企业带动农户达到30万户，基地种植面积达到近500万亩，分别比上一年增长25%和20%。同时，不少村镇还因地制宜建起了水稻、玉米、秸秆、蔬菜等小型加工厂，大大提高了农产品的转化增值能力。今年全市农业产业化经营可实现产值44亿多元，比去年激增83%。记者120、听到农民说的最多最开心的话是“我们的苞米成了金豆子，所有农产品不再是负担，都成了抢手货”。市农委负责人算了一笔帐：目前全市的玉米加工量已达到300万吨，带动玉米价格每公斤增长0.4元左右，按当地农民出售7.5亿公斤计算，就可为全市农民增收3亿多元。3.1.4项目建设地点选择公司位于松原市宁江区江南铁西街，这里交通便利，地处一级公路302国道与203国道交汇处，距松原火车站货运站1500米。公司地处松嫩平原、松花江流域境内，土壤肥沃、稻谷栽培技术优良，生产历史悠久，自然环境秀美，交通便利畅通。3.1.5项目关联产业的发展现状松原市水稻资源丰富，年产量近100万吨左右，是项目区的优势农作物。过去，121、由于计划经济，保护价收购，导致水稻种植品种转换较慢，市场竞争力差。项目区的稻谷加工停留在低水平、分散经营的状态，项目区的资源优势没有得到发挥。本项目的实施将资源优势转化为产业优势，实现了绿色农产品种植、加工的规模化经营，不仅提高了产品的质量，而且增加了产品的附加值。通过项目的示范带动作用，促进了项目区优质大米深加工业的进步。通过订单农业，将会带动种植业、深加工业快速发展，同时本项目还能够促进当地包装、养殖等多个行业的同步发展。3.2项目建设条件优劣势分析3.2.1政策环境为加快松原工业项目开发建设，全力推进松原经济快跑，市委、市政府将对现有政策作出重大调整。一是在土地方面，凡是重大工业项目实行122、零地价。二是工业项目建设办证费用全部减掉，实行零收费。三是税收政策，新建工业项目税收地方留成部分先征后退，减缓部分延长时间。四是提高政府办事效率，凡由市政府负责办理的事项，3日内必须完成。3.2.2资源优势松原市地处松嫩平原，土地肥沃，风能资源丰富，是吉林省著名的粮食产区。为了充分发挥资源优势，近年来，全市认真落实科学发展观，在发掘资源优势上狠下功夫，围绕农业和风能等优势资源大作特色产业文章，地区经济发展迅猛。去年，地区生产总值实现473亿多元，同比增长18%；财政收入实现45.5亿元，同比增长32.8%；规模以上工业增加值实现238亿元，同比增长29%；工业利润实现107.9亿元，同比增长4123、5%，成功入选“2006年跨国公司眼中最具投资潜力的中国城市”20强。3.2.3市场优势公司生产的产品“久千香”牌精制大米，2006年12月20日经中国绿色食品发展中心许可使用绿色食品标志，并通过ISO9001/2000国际质量体系认证，销售网络已布集松原、内蒙、西安、云南、上海、北京、重庆等全国各大城市。在2006年年末鑫丰米业有限公司又被评为“吉林省诚信企业示范（试点）单位”。3.2.4基础设施条件松原市基础设施完善，发展条件较好。松原城区沿松花江而建，面积30多平方公里，人口44万。经过多年的开发建设，松原市的基础设施日益完善，交通、通讯、给排水、绿化美化等建设日新月异，城市承载功能显著124、增强。石油化工城、绿色食品工业城、生态旅游城已初具规模。3个省级开发区实现了“七通一平”，9个市级工业园区实现了“五通一平”。现代通信在全市实现了无缝覆盖。不断完善的基础设施为建设松原创造了便利条件。3.2.5主要障碍因素及解决方案3.2.5.1主要障碍因素一是品种。这是决定稻米品质的主要因素，不同的品种其稻米的粒形、淀粉性质、食味品质、营养品质的差异都较大，因而要想生产优质米，首先要选好优质稻品种。二是栽培技术和环境因素的影响。对于同一品种，不同环境条件下生产出的稻谷，其品质上存在着明显的差异，特别是温度和光照对稻米品质的影响相当大，一般灌浆结实期光照强、昼夜温差大，有利于提高稻米品质，高低125、温，特别是结实期的高温对稻米品质不利，所以早稻一般难以形成较高档优质米。栽培技术特别是施肥法、管水方式、收脱方法，对水稻品质的影响都很大。三是加工和贮藏。加工工艺直接影响碾米的外观品质，如普通小机械一般不易加工出长粒型的优质米。贮藏方法和年限则对品质和口感造成较大影响。重大自然灾害的发生，如风灾、干旱、洪涝等自然灾害的发生将造成本项目原料的减产和品质的下降。3.2.5.2解决方案一是扩大优质稻谷种植基地；二是选育、开发各类名、特、优新品种子；三是推广使用生物有机肥料、无公害农药等，种植、生产优质稻谷；四是在资金方面，希望国家给与扶持的同时，建设单位要准备一定数量的资金，必要时进行垫付，确保本项126、目能按计划如期完成。五是对人类不可抗拒的重大自然灾害，如风灾、干旱、洪涝等将造成本项目原料的减产和品质的下降，本项目采取扩大辐射种植、收购区域来规避。第四章 建设单位基本情况第四章 建设单位基本情况4.1概况松原市鑫丰米业有限公司始建于2005年3月，是成长型民营企业，注册资本200万元。主要从事粮食购销、加工、进出口贸易等。由松原经济技术开发区招商引资入驻松原。公司目前年加工稻谷3.8万吨，年产优质精米2.5万吨。公司占地9000平方米，建筑面积2000平方米，拥有立式米机、抛光机、色选机、电子定量称、双体谷选筛等现代化机械加工设备。其产品“久千香”牌绿色食品精制大米，2006年12月20日127、经中国绿色食品发展中心许可使用绿色食品标志，并通过ISO9001/2000国际质量体系认证，销售网络已布集松原、内蒙、西安、云南、上海、北京、重庆等全国各大城市。在2006年年末鑫丰米业有限公司又被评为“吉林省诚信企业示范（试点）单位”。公司坚持以人为本，立足农业、立足农村，着力发展农业产业化经营，大力推行订单农业，努力促进粮食增产、农民增收和企业增效，实现农企双赢。为全面建设小康社会，实现农业增效、农民增收做出新的贡献。鑫丰人将通过自己不懈的努力，打造吉林乃至全国最具竞争力的精米品牌，不断提升企业竞争实力，最终成为与社会发展同步的现代化、科技化、专业化的精米加工产业集团。4.2研发能力公司现128、有员工55人。技术人员5人，管理人员5人，专业营销人员12人，公司还拥有一套国内先进的大型米业生产设备和科学的生产工艺，另有大、中、小型配送车队。公司正是凭借得天独厚地理优势、雄厚的技术人才队伍及现代化的管理手段，在短短的两年内一跃而成为松原地区规模最大的粮米加工、杂粮、杂豆生产于一体的现代化企业之一。4.3公司财务状况截止到2006年底资产总额915.96万元，资产负债率为43.08%。企业注册资本为600万元。企业银行信用等级为AA级。4.4法人代表基本情况法人代表崔志华，男，35岁，高中。1980.9-1985.7在前郭县平凤乡八家户村小学读书；1985.9-1988.7在前郭县平凤乡中129、学就读；1988.9-1991.7在前郭县第五中学就读重点高中；1993.6-1999.12在松原市外贸局工作；2000.1-2005.2在松原市粮食局从事粮食购销等业务；2005年3月，建立该公司，任总经理职务。第五章 市场分析与销售方案第五章 市场分析与销售方案5.1市场分析5.1.1产品市场供求现状随着全球经济的飞速发展，人们在饮食方面已发生了根本性的变化，食品供应渠道越来越呈现社会化的趋势，更多的人依赖食品工厂和饮食企业获取现成的食物；相应的大众的主副食品生产也走出分散的小作坊加工模式，以现代化大规模的集中生产取而代之。这就决定了食品生产的安全性关系到越来越多的人，任何一点事故带来的灾130、难都会形成相当大的影响面。这种影响力还会随着经济全球化，从一个企业蔓延到一个地区、一个国家乃至几个国家。世界范围内食品安全事件屡屡发生，迫使人们去寻找一种无污染、安全营养的食品。稻米是我国和亚洲许多国家人民的主食，是人体热量和各种营养素的主要来源。最近美国和西欧也掀起食用米及米制品的热潮，主要原因是稻米的热量低于面食，可防止热量过多而产生肥胖。2005年度世界稻米产量预计增长3%，达到39740万吨。联合国粮农组织认为，今后几年内，世界稻米消费量将超过稻米产量。我国是一个拥有13亿人口的大国，水稻种植历史悠久，同时稻米在国民生活中也占有了很大的份额。目前，从国际国内的市场行情来看，粮食生产销售131、势头发生了新的变化，特别是品质较低的杂牌米，市场需求量锐减，而品质上乘的优质绿色、有机大米却深受市民关注，价格一路攀升。目前市场优质大米的供求矛盾日趋尖锐，出现供不应求现象。本项目生产的绿色优质大米正符合这一市场发展潮流，市场潜力巨大。我国又是全球最大的大米消费国，年消费大米高达1.38亿吨左右，东北地区的大米，生长期长，口感好，深得人们喜爱，特别是优质大米，由于它具有无污染、无公害、高营养、利于健康等特点，尽管销售价格比普通大米高，仍受到广大消费者的青睐，销售数量呈逐年明显增长的趋势。目前，吉林省大米不仅在南方市场热销，而且正逐渐受到西北地区消费者的欢迎。过去山西是以面食为主的地区，但近两年132、爱吃米的人越来越多，尤其是年轻人。而且山西人吃不惯南方米，就爱吃东北的大米。现在山西省一年的大米需求量有100万吨，此量中的70%来自于东北，本公司也占的不小份额。5.1.2市场前景分析据预测，我国加入WTO后对我国农产品出口提出了新的挑战。专家分析，今后绿色食品产业的竞争，将成为农业竞争焦点，目前，世界上大多数国家都非常重视进口食品的安全性，对农药残等检测指标的限制十分严格，检验手段已经从单纯检测产品发展到验收种植基地。而随着消费水平的不断提高，人们的饮食观念正发生变化，已从温饱过渡到了重视营养和健康，优质、绿色、有机食品逐渐受到青睐。特别是人们对一日三餐的主食大米质量安全要求会更高。大米是133、一个长盛不衰的产品，以大米为主食的人口和地区不断扩大。国内大米消费趋势随着人民生活水平的提高，对优质大米需求量越来越大。以粳米为主食的地区和人口越来越多，喜爱粳米和优质米的人越来越多。另外随着人口的增加，而稻谷种植面积增加缓慢，未来国内稻米市场需求量越来越大，日趋紧张。当前我国大米年交易量达数千万吨。项目所产大米市场占有率是极少一部分。过去5年全球大米交易量从每年1500万吨增加到3000万吨。随着经济全球化发展，取消关税壁垒后，大米交易量将以每年10-15%速度递增，大米价格每年也会以25-35%上涨。目前大米出口市场主要集中在日本、泰国、印度、越南、巴基斯坦等少数亚洲国家和美国，2005年134、公司国内市场年销售量2.5万吨。本项目生产的大米，纯天然、无污染，完全符合现代人的消费时尚，满足出口优质米的要求，销售市场前景广阔。本公司销售方向立足国内市场，不断开拓国外市场，国内市场在现在的山西、上海、北京、广东等20多个省、市的基础上，巩固并扩大销售量，积极开拓国外市场，不断提高国外市场销售比例。5.1.3项目产品的市场竞争优势分析公司为保证市场竞争力，首先从提高产品质量源头抓起，继续扩建绿色稻谷生产基地，并推广优质品种。利用松原地区资源优势，土质、气候适宜优质米生产，同样品种稻谷，在本地生产的大米，其质量优于其他地方生产的大米，无形中也降低了成本。在大米加工上，依托吉林省绿色食品研究院135、的加工技术，采用先进工艺和设备，生产出优质大米。而企业产品已建立了自己的品牌，有一定的知名度。因此，本地产品有较强的竞争力。从国际市场上，我国大米价格已与国际大米价格基本持平，我国大米有一定竞争力。因为我国优质大米含有氨基酸组成的蛋白质，可降低胆固醇，预防高血脂，吃东方大米的外国人不断有所增加，大米将会出现求过于供的状况。5.2销售策略、方案和营销模式一是企业在全面了解市场消费者需求的基础上进行市场分析，应把目标市场定在大中城市，在这些城市设立分销处，把产品销往辐射地区。二是企业首先从市场消费需求出发，研究消费者的消费心理和消费习惯，使本企业的产品形成系列化、多品位、多风格，以适应市场变化的需136、求。三是做好促销，促销是现代化企业的新产品打入市场关键的一环。5.3市场风险分析5.3.1项目产品市场风险因素分析本项目主要风险因素体现在产品回购价格及市场销售价格方面。我们请有经验的专家就项目涉及的风险因素及其风险程度进行判断，制定出防范措施降低风险。5.3.2防范和降低风险对策一是建立龙头企业与农户多种形式的风险共担机制，通过订立合同等形式，形成稳定的购销关系，提高抵御市场风险的能力。企业通过建立风险基金，确保按保护价收购基地农户所生产的原料、减少市场波动造成的损失；龙头企业带动农户和生产基地出现风险不仅使企业生产经营受到损失，也将影响广大农户的收入，波及农村稳定。各级、各部门都要高度重视137、，按照国家有关财税政策和制度规定，采取切实措施，帮助龙头企业和农户提高抵御市场风险的能力。二是在产品价格的确定中采取稳定的原则，充分考虑加入WTO后国外农牧产品可能大量进入国内市场对本项目的影响，在产品定价上采取一定的灵活措施，根据市场情况确定合理的价格，是价格风险减小到最少。第六章 项目建设方案第六章 项目建设方案6.1建设任务和规模6.1.1建设任务根据企业目前的生产能力和市场的供需状况，新建成品库1500平方米、原料库1000平方米、辅料库1000平方米，配备相应的检测设施。6.1.2建设规模经过对旧厂区扩建工程的实施，建成一座年加工能力达6万吨（新增稻谷加工能力2.3万吨）的稻谷加工基138、地。6.1.3产品方案表6-1 产品方案一览表序号项目名称数量备 注1稻谷23076吨出品率65%1大袋包装米10000吨400000袋/年，25公斤/袋2小袋包装米5000吨1000000袋/年，5公斤/袋4碎米2308吨92320袋/年，25公斤/袋出品率10%5稻糠2077吨36920袋/年，50公斤/袋出品率9%6稻壳及工艺损耗3691吨出品率16%6.2 建设规划和布局本项目是以松原市鑫丰米业有限公司为建设单位的改扩建项目，在原厂区总平面布置早已形成的基础上，为满足扩大再生产的需要，新建库房、配置相应检测设备。其它生产设备、公用工程等设施利旧可以满足本项目需要。6.3生产技术方案及工139、艺流程6.3.1技术方案该产品采用现代化精制米加工生产设备，经过精磨、色选等多道工序加工而成。特级米出米率65%，碎米出品率10%，稻糠出品率8%，稻皮出品率15%，色选精度达99%，其外观颗粒均匀、色泽光亮、晶莹剔透，营养丰富，清香爽口。该米口味醇正、黏度适中、米粒柔润乃米中不可多得之珍品，烹煮后，香气扑鼻、余味无穷。6.3.2大米生产工艺流程稻谷预清理稻谷清理砻谷（分离稻壳）谷糙分离碾米白米分级（分离碎米、米粞）整理抛光色选（清除异色米）成品包装6.3.3大米生产工艺简述1、稻谷初清工段：初清工段设置了圆筒初清筛、振动清理筛(配垂直风道)和原粮秤，原粮经提升机至圆筒初清筛，首先去除特大杂质140、，然后进入振动筛清理进一步去除大、中、小杂质和轻杂。2、稻谷清理除杂工段：仓储库中贮存的稻谷经胶带输送入车间清理工段，提升至流量秤，称量后由平面回转清理筛去除大、小杂质，经垂直风道去除轻杂质和瘪谷，再经去石机去石，最后经永磁筒去除金属杂质后进入净谷仓。3、砻谷、谷壳分离、谷糙分离工段：砻谷机具有自动分离功能，能够将糙米、稻壳自动分离。砻谷机上设置一定容量的净谷仓，以稳定生产、调节流量。稻谷经砻谷机脱壳、谷糙分离后，稻壳经砻谷机吸风口吸出。4、糙米分级：糙米分级采用厚度分级机，可有效分离糙米中的未成熟粒及个别小粒型糙米，确保糙米质量。5、碾米和大米抛光工段：碾米采用多机轻碾的先进碾米工艺。抛光机141、采用电脑自动加湿，加长抛光室进行摩擦热抛光。6、白米整理工段：达到精度的白米，经白米分级筛进行白米分级，可分为整米，大碎米，小碎米及米粞。7、色选工段：经色选机选出成品米中黄、微黄，垩白、病斑等多种异色粒及碎玻璃等杂质。8、成品包装：白米经色选后进行打包，白米经色选后进行打包。包装形式：盒、袋式包装；碎米、稻糠、稻皮用编织袋包装。6.3.4主要原辅材料消耗表62 主要原辅材料及燃料动力年消耗表序号项目规格单位消耗一主要原辅材料1优质稻谷吨23076二包装材料1大包装袋25kg/袋万个40.43小包装袋5kg/袋万个1014碎米袋25kg/袋万个9.325稻糠袋50kg/袋万个3.73三燃料、动142、力消耗1水吨9002电万度323煤吨1176.4项目建设标准和具体建设内容6.4.1建设标准原粮执行：中华人民共和国国家标准稻谷 GB/T50092003；大米执行：中华人民共和国农业行业标准：大米GB13541986。6.4.2具体建设内容6.4.2.1土建表63 项目建设组成一览表名称单位建筑面积备注原料库m21000砖混成品库m21500砖混辅料库m21000砖混6.4.2.2主要设备本项目采用国内最先进的检测设备，以提高产品的检测水平，提高企业产品的质量和市场的竞争能力。表6-4 化验室主要设备一览表序号名称型号单位数量1生稻谷味道测量仪PRTAIIA台12试验用碾米机TM05C台13143、米粒测量仪RA-60B台14碎粒测量仪TRG05B台15精白度仪MMIC台16试验用砻谷机THU-35B台17试验用厚度分级机TWSB台18颗粒评定仪RGQI10B台19水分仪SS-6台110便携式测色仪MICG1A台1表65 配套辅助设备一览表序号名称单位数量1消防设施套12供热管网套13供电线路套16.4.2.3场内外运输本项目全厂年总运输量为120071吨，其中运入量为60175吨，运出量为59896吨。原辅材料运入、运出由单位运输部门解决。运力不足部分，向当地运输部门租赁解决。表66 全年运输量表序号货物名称来处和去处运输量（t/a）一运入601751稻谷省内600002包装物省内58144、3煤省内117二运出598961成品省内、外401002副产品197613炉渣省内35三合计1200716.5项目实施进度安排本建设项目计划建设时间为2007年5月至2008年5月，建设工期1年。具体时间安排如下：2007年5月编制可研、批复及前期工作；2007年4-5月初步设计、施工图设计；2007年6-12月土建施工；2008年1-4月竣工验收、试运行；2008年4月以后正式投产。表67 项目建设进度计划表序号项目2007年5月2007年4-5月2007年6-12月2008年1-4月2008年4月1编制可研、批复及前期工作2初步设计施工图设计3土建及设备安装、调试4工程竣工验收、试生产5投145、产第八章 财务评价第七章 投资概算与资金来源第七章 投资概算与资金来源7.1投资概算依据建筑工程费：参考项目所在地造价水平及“吉林省建筑安装费用估算定额”估算。设备价格：参照有关设备厂家报价及市场价格估算。安装工程费：根据吉林省安装工程以设备定额的5%估算。基本预备费按工程费用及工程建设其他费用之各的10%估算。7.2投资概算7.2.1固定资产固定资产投资401.48万元，其中：建筑工程245.00万元；设备购置费75.50万元；安装工程费0.48万元；其它工程费44.00万元；基本预备费36.50万元。详见附表2固定资产估算表。7.2.2流动资金根据分项详细估算法估算，流动资金为195.49146、万元。详见附表3“流动资金估算表”。7.2.3资金占用费建设期财政有偿资金占用费3.56万元。年利率2.4%。根据以上估算，本项目总投资600.53万元。7.3资金来源7.3.1中央财政资金项目申请中央财政资金264.00万元，其中：有偿资金198.00万元，无偿资金66.00万元。7.3.2地方财政配套资金省级配套资金105.60万元，其中：有偿资金79.20万元，无偿资金26.40万元；县级配套资金26.40万元。其中：有偿资金19.80万元，无偿资金6.60万元。7.3.3自筹资金及来源企业自筹资金204.53万元。根据2005-2006年企业财务审计报表分析，企业有能力解决。7.4资金147、使用和管理7.4.1财政资金使用与管理7.4.1.1财政有偿资金使用和管理有偿资金拟用于建设投资，以企业原有固定资产做为抵押担保，项目计算期内第二年还本金82.18万元，付息7.13万元；第三年还本金146.90万元，付息5.16万元；第三年还本金67.92万元，付息0.82万元。公司将利用未分配利润、折旧及摊销来偿还有偿资金。详见附表9借款还本付息计算表。7.4.1.2财政无偿资金使用和管理无偿资金99.00万元，主要用于仪器设备66.00万元，技术培训3.00万元，其他（前期工作费、编织建议书、可研及设计）30万元。公司将严格执行农业综合开发资金管理规定，设专人进行资金管理，建立专门账户，148、独立建账，专款专用。7.4.1.2自筹措资金使用和管理自筹资金204.53万元，其中：用于流动资金195.49万元，用于偿还建设期财政有偿资金占用费3.56万元，用于建设投资5.48万元。第八章 财务评价第八章 财务评价8.1财务评价依据项目计算期为12年，其中：建设期1年，投产期11年；项目资金占用费率按2.4%估算；根据国家现行企业财务制度的规定估算；根据国务院令1993第134号中华人民共和国增值税暂行条例有关规定估算；其他相关取费根据行业规定估算。8.2销售收入、销售税金及附加估算8.2.1销售收入产品售价根据生产厂家提供的价格及当前市场价格情况估算，均按含税价估算。销售率为：投产期8149、0%，达产期100%。表8-1 销售收入明细表产品方案规格单位单价（元）投产期(80%)投产期(100%)销售量收入（万元）销售量收入（万元）大袋包装米25kg/袋袋70.003200002240.004000002800.00小袋包装米5kg/袋袋15.008000001200.0010000001500.00碎米25kg/袋袋39.5073856291.7392320364.66稻糠50kg/袋袋10.002953629.543692036.92合计3761.274701.588.2.2销售税金及附加根据项目实际情况，本项目征收如下税种，增值税13%，城市维护建设税5%，教育费附加3%。本150、项目达产年增值税为68.70万元。达产年销售税金及附加75.57万元，其中：年城市维护建设税4.81万元，年教育费附加2.06万元。详见附表6-1“产品销售收入和销售税金及附加估算表”。8.3总成本及经营成本估算8.3.1项目总成本估算8.3.1.1原材料、燃料动力项目所需原辅材料、动力及燃料根据项目生产规模选取，按当地市场价格估算，均为含税价。年外购原材料、燃料动力为4067.64万元。8.3.1.2工资及福利根据项目的实际情况确定增加工人30人，工资800元/人.月；福利费按工资总额的14%提取，年工资及福利费32.83万元。8.3.1.3折旧建构筑物折旧年限按20年，残值率为5%；机器设151、备折旧年限按10年，残值率按5%计；均采用平均年限法计算折旧。年折旧额为21.21万元。8.3.1.4摊销递延资产摊销年限按5年，年摊销额8.80万元。8.3.1.5其他费用估算修理费按固定资产原值的3%估算。年修理费为10.83万元。年其他费用274.28万元。经估算，项目年平均总成本费用为4337.29万元。8.3.2项目经营成本估算年平均经营成本为4311.62万元。详见附表4“总成本费用估算表”8.4财务效益分析8.4.1盈利能力分析经项目投资现金流量表分析，财务内部收益率：所得税前27.16 %，所得税后38.46 %；财务净现值（ic=10%）：所得税前908.76万元，所得税后5152、24.60万元；投资回收期（含建设期）：所得税前3.95年，所得税后4.90年。总投资利润率34.07 %。 8.4.2清偿能力分析本项目可供还款的资金来源：未分配利润、年折旧费及摊销费。借款偿还期3.45年（含建设期）。通过对资金来源与运用表的分析可以看出该项目除可以做到资金收支平衡外，还有较大盈余，可以保证项目在投产期及今后运营过程中的资金需求。从本项目的资产负债表可以看出，资产负债率普遍低于65%。该项目具有很强的偿债能力。8.5不确定性分析8.5.1盈亏平衡分析以生产能力利用率表示的盈亏平衡点为即：在实际生产能力达到设计能力的62.68 %时，项目就可保证不亏损，详见盈亏平衡图。图8-153、1 盈亏平衡图8.5.2敏感性分析考虑项目实施过程中会有一些因素的变化对项目的效益有不利的影响，根据项目的具体情况，对项目的销售价格、建设投资、经营成本在-33之间变动时，对全部投资财务内部收益率（税前）的影响进行敏感性分析。表8-2 敏感分析表图8-2 敏感分析图 通过分析，可以看出该项目有较强的抗风险能力。8.6财务评价结论从以上财务评价指标看，净现值大于零、内部收益率高于行业基准收益率，投资回收期低于行业基准投资回收期，反映了项目具有良好的投资效果，不确定性分析表明项目抗风险能力强。 第九章 环境影响评价第九章 环境影响评价9.1环境状况项目厂址位于松原市宁江区江南铁西街，地处松嫩平原、154、松花江流域境内，土壤肥沃、稻谷栽培技术优良，生产历史悠久，自然环境秀美，项目区周围无有害污染物及污染源，厂址地势平坦。本工程产生的污染物形态分为：废水、粉尘、废渣、噪声等。1、废水的主要来源：生产车间产生的废水；生活废水。2、废渣、废渣的主要来源：本工程废渣主要为生产过程中在稻谷里分离出来的石块、碎玻璃及取暖锅炉排放炉渣等废料。3、噪声的主要来源：生产过程中噪声主要来源于砻谷机、振动筛、风机等机械设备。4、粉尘：生产过程中粉尘主要来源于初清筛、清理筛、去石机、砻谷机等设备。9.2环境保护与治理措施9.2.1 设计采用的标准（1）污水排放执行GB8978-1998污水综合排放标准。（2）废渣排放155、执行GBJ4-73工业“三废”（废渣）排放标准。（3）厂区噪声执行GB12348-1990工业企业厂界噪声标准三类区域标准，昼间60DB（A）。（4）其他专业提供的设计基本条件。9.2.2 治理措施1、废水治理：污水主要是生活用水和清洗车间用水，不含对人体及环境有害物质，通过沉降池处理后排放到厂区排污管网，最后汇集到区排水管网统一处理。依据污水综合排放标准GB89781996。2、废渣、废气的治理：锅炉燃烧产生的烟气，拟采用文丘里水膜除尘，达到国家排放标准后向高空排放。废渣集中堆放，定时出售给当地砖厂。3、噪声治理：对产生较大噪声的机械设备，尽可能单独隔离，可增设密封罩，设减震设施等。9.2.156、3粉尘治理在生产工艺过程中设置除尘设备，确保车间粉尘浓度大大低于国家规定的标准。9.2.4废气本项目锅炉选购为环保型，并配有高效湿式脱硫除尘器，燃烧后废气排放满足国家环保要求。9.2.5绿化在建筑物周围及道路两旁种植花草、树木，防止尘土飞扬，既美化环境，又有益身心健康。9.3环评与审批环保部门意见，详见附件。第十章 农业产业化经营与农民增收效果评价第十章 农业产业化经营与农民增收效果评价10.1农业产业化经营10.1.1壮大主导产业，促进结构调整情况该项目建成后，龙头企业通过公司基地农户的模式，努力挖掘利用本地优势资源，推动了区域性优势产业的发展，促进了农业结构和布局的优化调整，呈现了扶一个龙157、头，带一片基地，兴一方产业的效果。在鑫丰米业的带动下，当地形成了大规模的种植水稻生产基地。农业优势产业和基地的发展还带动了外向型农业的发展。龙头企业与农户的利益关系联结日益多样化，并从自由购销的松散型关系向订立购销合同的半紧密型和以资金合作的紧密型关系发展，推动了产业化经营机制的创新。同时该企业的发展加快了解决“三农”问题及当地剩余劳动力的再就业问题，促进社会的稳定，变资源优势为经济优势均有重要意义，其经济效益、社会效益及环境效益是十分可观的。本项目的建设将推进农业结构战略性调整，加速建设生态省的步伐，有助于建设一批地域优势明显、加工能力强、品牌效益突出、带动功能强的农产品生产基地。有助于农产158、品开发朝着区域化、专业化、产业化方向发展，形成市场牵龙头、龙头带基地、基地连农户、产加销一体化的发展格局，一方面壮大主导产业，另一方面也可带动其他相关产业的发展，提高我省农产品国际国内市场占有率。10.1.2完善产业链条，促进产业化发展，建设现代农业等该项目是优质稻谷加工项目，是企业与农户签订种植、收购合同，由农民规模化种植，公司技术指导服务，实行农、工、贸一体化产业经营。利益联结方式采取“订单农业”政策和“保护价格收购”策略，降低市场风险，使农民利益不受损害。企业派专人到当地收购，现金结账，为农户提供方便。本项目的建设，将进一步深化“公司基地农户”生产经营体制，生产技术服务体系趋于合理和完善159、，在满足市场需求的同时还可提高广大农户经济效益、增加地方税收，对促进产业化发展，建设现代农业具有积极促进作用。使产、加、销、服务环节的利益联结更为紧密。10.1.3辐射带动能力分析10.1.3.1项目单位与农户利益联结机制利益联结是保障。农户种植面积小，稻米加工龙头企业与千家万户打交道，交易成本高，建立稳定的利益联结机制是企业获得优质原料的重要保障。鑫丰米业非常重视与农户的利益联结。企业实施订单种植、保护价收购，免费为农户提供良种、肥料等生产资料。引导农户与企业建立稳定的利益联结，这既是企业自身发展的需要，也是确保农户在稻米产业发展进程中得到实惠的需要，更是产业长久、稳定、健康发展的需要。10160、.1.3.2辐射带动基地企业为基地提供品种、技术等服务。公司定期组织农技人员指导农民种植，项目可带动前郭尔罗斯蒙古族自治县、扶余县和宁江区等地区的6000多公顷农田种植水稻。10.1.3.3辐射带动农户如按每户8亩（大亩）农田计算，直接带动前郭尔罗斯蒙古族自治县、扶余县和宁江区9375户农户种植水稻，安排农业人口28000多人。10.2农民增收、农业增效平价10.2.1农民增收项目实施后公司直接带动9375户农户种植7500公顷水稻田。如按每户签订8亩（大亩）订单计算，种植玉米每户农民可收入4500元，而种植水稻每户农民可收入8500元，则每户多增收4000元。9375户农户多增收3750万元161、。10.2.2农业增效通过本项目实施，项目区的农民将在企业的带领下进入市场，根据市场需求，有机的组织起来，从而使农产品的生产、加工、销售形成了规模化经营、专业化生产、公司化运作，大大提高了农业生产的市场化、组织化程度，对当地农业、经济起到促进作用。10.2.3项目区与非项目区比较分析如按每户签订8亩订单计算，种植优质水稻每户农民可收入8500元。与非项目区对比，如种植玉米，每户也按8亩地计算，年可获利4500元左右，则种植水稻每户可多增收4000元，9375户可多增收3750万元。10.3其他社会影响本项目的实施可以解决30人入厂就业问题，并可带动包装、运输等行业共同发展。由于项目可使农民增收162、并能带动就业，所以项目区群众对项目建设的积极性非常高。第十一章 项目组织与管理第十一章 项目组织与管理11.1组织机构与职能划分项目建设期要成立筹建办公室，由松原市农业综合开发办公室及建设单位参加并负责整个项目的建设工作。项目的建设将严格按照国家基本建设程序进行，实行规范化管理。即按规定立项，按项目进行动态管理，按计划组织实施，按进度安排建设资金，按要求进行考核。建立项目质量管理和技术监督体系，完善项目法人责任制，资金运行监察制和项目验收制等有关制度，定期对项目建设情况进行考察和评估，确保项目质量。要强化审计监督力度，确保项目资金安全运行。本项目正式运营时，由一名总经理主管，下设采购部、生产部163、大米加工车间、销售部、检测中心、办公室、财务部等七大部门。总经理采购部办公室财务部销售部检测部生产部大米加工车间全年计划工作日为300天，每日单班管理，每班工作8小时。本项目新增定员总计为30人，全部为工人面向当地通过考试择优录用。11.2项目经营管理模式公司建立完善的现代化管理体系，实行经理领导下的逐级分工责任制，各部门职能分明，责权统一，有一套行之有效的工作程序和组织程序，同时严格执行ISO9001/2000国际质量认证标准。11.3经营管理措施1、工程管理：对项目的工程设计和工程施工，采取招投标的方式确定设计单位、施工单位和监理，并派驻专业的工程技术人员严格按设计标准对施工现场进行监督164、管理。 2、生产管理：为确保产品质量，首先，要严格控制住原辅材料的质量，对发霉、不合格的原辅材料决不采购。其次，要严格执行工艺操作规程和消耗定额，确保工艺参数和投料的准确，并认真做好考核记录。3、财务管理措施：厂财务负责人直接对建设资金使用情况进行检查、审核。并单独立帐、单独管理，专款专用，完工后由项目主管部门进行竣工验收。4、销售管理措施：负责制定目标明确的方案和措施，保证项目产品的销售，并根据市场变化及时调整营销策略。形成健全的营销网络，落实销售任务与指标，根据回款控制发货，控制销售费用，定额包干。建立了销售量和回款额与个人收入挂钩的制约机制。5、物资采购制度：公司制定了生产物料管理程序，165、在充分保证质量前提下，货比三家控制采购成本，以“确保重点、兼顾急需、优质低价，定点定量、就地就近、减少积压、保证生产”为原则，严格在合格供方购买，强化物料采购管理。11.4技术培训1、人员来源：本工程属依托老厂进行的扩建项目,所需工人、技术人员和管理人员在原有人员的基础上，不足部分在当地招聘。2、人员培训：本装置自动化水平较高,生产操作严密，对操作人员和管理人员都有较高的要求。操作工要求具有高中以上文化程度，并在装置投产之前进行短期全员培训，使各岗位人员熟练掌握生产流程、操作规程等。11.5劳动保护与安全卫生11.5.1.对生产过程中的危害因素的防范措施防火、防暴：本项目的建筑火灾危险性质分类166、为甲类，厂房严格按防火规范进行设计。对可能引起的火灾及爆炸危险的设备，均设置自动报警装置。在设计中采取以水消防为主的消防措施。防静电、防雷：根据车间不同环境特性和不同设备的技术要求、应设置防雷、防静电接地设施。整个装置按三类防雷电设计，屋顶设置避雷带防止直击雷。防噪声：本项目中对噪声排放设备单设隔离间并设防噪声罩。11.5.2劳动保护措施劳动保护本着积极改善工人的劳动条件，减少职业危害，保证职工在生产过程中的人身安全和身体健康等原则，积极采取人员防护措施，管护人员要严格执行技术操作规程，同时，为减少工人的劳动强度，对生产过程中货物搬运采用机械操作。第十二章 结论与建议12.1可行性研究结论项目167、建设符合国家大力发展特色农业和加快高新技术成果转化的产业政策和投资方向，项目依托的技术成果具有显著的创新性、先进性、独特实用性和生态安全性，已具备产业化的技术基础，具有进一步开发、推广和应用价值。通过与多家农业研究院的合作，不断加强科技实力和核心竞争力。该项目将依托国家、省政府和当地政府的全力支持，充分利用当地稻米资源优势和开发潜力，采用国际先进的生产工艺及设备，使产品的附加值大幅度提高，有效地促进农村产业结构的优化和调整，可充分带动松原地区农村经济发展壮大，符合国家农产品深加工的产业政策。该项目建设方案合理，工艺技术先进，具备稳固的产业化基础。经济效益分析预测表明，各项技术指标均高于行业基准168、标准，经济效益和社会效益均表现良好势头。综上所述，本项目的实施将加快先进的农业科技成果转化，通过培植和发展壮大该企业的龙头地位，产生良好的产业化辐射效应，将影响并带动当地农业的发展，为当地农民脱贫致富开辟新的途径。对当地产业结构调整、国民经济和社会发展以及生态环境保护都有极为重要的示范推广作用，该项目可行。第十二章 结论与建议12.2存在的问题与建议12.2.1存在问题1、稻谷生产成本居高不下，稻米价格下调空间不大。2、运输瓶颈的制约，影响了稻米流通的效率和运输安全。3、市场运作不规范，导致了稻米无序流通现象的出现。4、稻米精深加工能力较弱。5、稻米品牌宣传和打造力度不够。12.2.2建议1、169、积极扶持龙头企业，促进东北稻米的产业化发展。2、大力发展优质稻米的精深加工和稻谷副产品的综合利用。3、加快东北稻米南下通道建设，提高稻米流通效率。4、加强稻米流通管理，规范东北地区稻米流通秩序。规划和协调稻米的流向和稻谷收购、储存、加工的库、厂、站、点布局，从源头上为稻米物流的科学合理创造条件；制定相应的政策来约束稻米流通参与者的行为，规范和监督稻米流通的运作过程，协调和处理所发生的稻米交易纠纷；为稻米经营者提供信息服务和政策指导，使他们能够依据市场供求和运力等现实条件组织稻米流通活动，减少或避免经营中的风险性。5、加强东北稻米的宣传和品牌的打造 t目 录第一章 总 论11.2可行性研究报告编170、制依据71.3综合评价7第二章 项目背景及必要性82.1项目建设背景82.2项目建设的必要性及目的意义9第三章 项目建设条件113.1项目区概况113.2项目建设条件优劣势分析14第四章 建设单位基本情况184.1概况184.2研发能力194.3公司财务状况194.4法人代表基本情况19第五章 市场分析与销售方案205.1市场分析205.2销售策略、方案和营销模式235.3市场风险分析24第六章 项目建设方案256.1建设任务和规模256.2 建设规划和布局256.3生产技术方案及工艺流程266.4项目建设标准和具体建设内容286.5项目实施进度安排30第七章 投资概算与资金来源317.1投资171、概算依据317.2投资概算317.3资金来源327.4资金使用和管理32第八章 财务评价348.1财务评价依据348.2销售收入、销售税金及附加估算348.3总成本及经营成本估算358.4财务效益分析368.5不确定性分析378.6财务评价结论38第九章 环境影响评价399.1环境状况399.2环境保护与治理措施399.3环评与审批41第十章 农业产业化经营与农民增收效果评价4210.1农业产业化经营4210.2农民增收、农业增效平价4410.3其他社会影响45第十一章 项目组织与管理4611.1组织机构与职能划分4611.2项目经营管理模式4711.3经营管理措施4711.4技术培训4811172、.5劳动保护与安全卫生48第十二章 结论与建议5012.1可行性研究结论5012.2存在的问题与建议51目录第一章项目基本情况3一、项目情况说明3二、可行性研究的依据5第二章项目建设的必要性与可行性8一、项目建设背景8二、项目建设的必要性9三、项目建设的可行性14第三章市场供求分析及预测17一、项目区生猪养殖和养殖粪污的利用现状17二、禽畜粪污产量、沼气及沼肥产量调查与分析18三、项目产品市场前景分析20第四章项目承担单位的基本情况21一、养殖场概况21二、资产状况21三、经营状况21第五章项目地点选择分析23一、选址原则23二、项目选点23三、项目区建设条件24第六章工艺技术方案分析27一、173、污水处理模式的选择27二、处理工艺的选择29三、项目工艺流程31四、主要技术参数35五、主要设备选型39第七章项目建设目标40一、项目建设目标40二、项目建设规模40第八章项目建设内容42一、建安工程42二、仪器设备46第九章投资估算和资金筹措48一、投资估算的范围48二、投资估算的依据48三、投资估算49四、资金使用计划54五、资金筹措54第十章建设期限和实施进度安排55一、项目建设期限55二、项目实施进度安排55第十一章土地、规划和环保57一、土地与规划57二、环境保护57三、安全防护60第十二章项目组织管理与运行63一、项目建设组织管理63二、项目建成后运行管理66三、项目运行费用67第十三章效益分析与风险评价69一、经济效益分析69二、项目风险评价72三、生态效益75四、社会效益76五、附表77第十四章招标方案78一、编制依据78二、招标范围78三、招标方式78四、招标组织形式79有关证明材料及附件81