建筑、园林、城市规划名词.xls

1、01.建 筑 学序码 汉文名英文名注释01.1 总 论0 1.0001建筑学architecture0 1.0002建筑物building0 1.0003人体测量学anthropometry0 1.0004人体尺寸human dimensions0 1.0005人体舒适human comfort0 1.0006人类行为human behavior0 1.0007人因工效学human factor engineering0 1.0008人类群居学ekistics0 1.0009环境心理学environmental psychology0 1.0010人类生态学human ecology0 1.0

2、011建筑功能building function0 1.0012建筑类型学building typology0 1.0013空间构图space configuration0 1.0014领域性territoriality0 1.0015建筑经济学building economics0 1.0016价值工程学value engineering0 1.0017费用效益cost effectiveness0 1.0018建筑美学architectural aesthetics0 1.0019艺术格调artistic touch0 1.0020建筑几何学architectural geometry0

3、1.0021建筑形态学architectural morphology0 1.0022建筑形式architectural form0 1.0023建筑风格architectural style0 1.0024建筑环境architectural environment0 1.0025环境艺术environmental art0 1.0026建筑文化architectural culture0 1.0027建筑文脉architectural context0 1.0028建筑符号学architectural semiotics0 1.0029模式语言pattern language0 1.0030

4、建筑设计方法学architectural design methodology0 1.0031无障碍设计barrier free design0 1.0032古建筑保护historical building presvervation0 1.0033风水学fengshui0 1.0034建筑科学building science0 1.0035建筑气候学building climatology0 1.0036建筑物理学building physics0 1.0037建筑光学building optics0 1.0038建筑热学building thermodymamics, building t

5、hermology0 1.0039建筑声学building acoustics0 1.0040太阳能建筑solar building0 1.0041建筑工程building engineering0 1.0042建筑标准化building standardization0 1.0043建筑模数building module0 1.0044模数协调modular coordination0 1.0045建筑工业化building industrialization0 1.0046工业化建筑体系industrialized building system0 1.0047支撑体系support sy

6、stem0 1.0048填充体系infill system0 1.0049建筑安全building safety0 1.0050建筑防灾building disaster prevention0 1.0051建筑节能building energy conservation0 1.0052减灾学natural disaster prevention0 1.0053建筑防火building fire protection0 1.0054建筑抗震building aseismicity0 1.0055建筑病理building pathology0 1.0056健康建筑healthy building

7、0 1.0057建筑综合症synthetic building syndrome,SBS0 1.0058建筑保安building security0 1.0059防卫性空间defensible space0 1.0060建筑性能building performance0 1.0061建筑评价building evaluation0 1.0062社会影响评价social impact assessment,SIA0 1.0063环境影响评价environmental impact assessment,EIA0 1.0064建筑测量building surveying0 1.0065建筑勘探bu

8、ilding geotechnics0 1.0066工程施工engineering construction0 1.0067建筑材料building material0 1.0068建筑制品building product0 1.0069建筑构造architectural construction0 1.0070建筑设备系统building service system0 1.0071建筑设备building equipment0 1.0072建筑设备安装building equipment installation0 1.0073建筑设施building facilities0 1.0074

9、建筑设施管理building facilities management0 1.0075建筑装修builidng finishing0 1.0076室内装饰interior decoration0 1.0077建筑壁画mural0 1.0078浅浮雕bas-relief0 1.0079建筑维护building maintenance0 1.0080建筑修缮building repair0 1.0081建筑管理building management0 1.0082建筑业building industry0 1.0083建筑立法building legislation0 1.0084建筑史arch

10、itectural history0 1.0085古典建筑classical architecture0 1.0086古典柱式classical order0 1.0087古埃及建筑Egyptian arhcitecture0 1.0088美索不达米亚建筑Mesopotamian architecture0 1.0089古希腊建筑Greek architecture0 1.0090古罗马建筑Roman architecture0 1.0091拜占庭建筑Byzantine architecture0 1.0092罗曼式建筑Romanesque architecture0 1.0093哥特式建筑G

11、othic architecture0 1.0094文艺复兴建筑Renaissance architecture0 1.0095巴洛克建筑Baroque architecture0 1.0096洛可可建筑Rococo architecture0 1.0097伊斯兰建筑Islamic architecture0 1.0098新艺术运动Art-nouveau Movement0 1.0099现代主义modernism0 1.0100国际风格International Style0 1.0101后现代主义post-modernism0 1.0102功能主义functionalism0 1.0103构

12、成主义constructivism0 1.0104表现主义expressionism0 1.0105手法主义mannerism0 1.0106折中主义eclecticism0 1.0107结构主义structuralism0 1.0108新古典主义neoclassicism0 1.0109复古主义revivalism0 1.0110民族风格national style0 1.0111新理性主义neorationalism0 1.0112批判地方主义critical regionalism0 1.0113解构主义deconstruction0 1.0114反构成主义deconstructivis

13、m0 1.0115粗野主义brutalism0 1.0116文脉主义contextualism0 1.0117新陈代谢主义metabolism0 1.0118高技术建筑hightech architecture0 1.0119乡土建筑vernacular architecture0 1.0120有机建筑organic architecture0 1.0121国际建筑师协会Union of International Architects, UIA0 1.0122亚洲建筑师协会Architects Regional Council Asia, ARCASIA0 1.0123中国建筑学会Archi

14、tectural Society of China, ASC01.2 建筑类型及组成0 1.0124单层建筑single-story building0 1.0125多层建筑multistory building0 1.0126高层建筑highrise building, tall building0 1.0127超高层建筑super highrise building, supertall building0 1.0128摩天楼skyscraper0 1.0129活动房屋mobile house0 1.0130建筑队群building group0 1.0131裙房podium0 1.013

15、2楼层floor0 1.0133夹层mezzanine0 1.0134底层ground floor0 1.0135地下室basement0 1.0136半地下室sub-basement0 1.0137顶层top floor0 1.0138房间room0 1.0139走廊corridor0 1.0140游廊gallery0 1.0141入口entrance0 1.0142门斗anteroom0 1.0143门厅enrtance hall, vestibule0 1.0144接待室reception room0 1.0145会议室conference room0 1.0146值班室janitors

16、 room0 1.0147收发室mail/distribution room0 1.0148问询处information desk0 1.0149衣帽间coat room, cloak room0 1.0150开水间water heater room0 1.0151卫生间washroom0 1.0152厕所toilet0 1.0153浴室bathroom0 1.0154电话总机房telephone exchange room0 1.0155电子计算机房computer room0 1.0156广播室broadcasting room0 1.0157储藏室storage room0 1.0158

17、变电间substation0 1.0159锅炉间boiler room0 1.0160阳台balcony0 1.0161平台terrace0 1.0162天井light court0 1.0163屋前空地frontage0 1.0164居住建筑residential building 0 1.0165人居human habitat0 1.0166住房housing0 1.0167独户住宅single family house0 1.0168多户住宅multi-family house0 1.0169联排式住宅row house, terrace house0 1.0170台阶式住宅steppe

18、d house, terraced house0 1.0171公寓式住宅apartment house0 1.0172板式住宅slab block0 1.0173点式住宅point block0 1.0174跃层式公寓skip-floor aparment0 1.0175外廊式公寓exterior-corridor type apartmnet0 1.0176步行上楼式公寓walk-up apartment0 1.0177电梯式公寓elevator apartment0 1.0178平房one-story house, bungalow0 1.0179农舍cottage0 1.0180别墅vi

19、lla0 1.0181庭院式住宅courtyard house0 1.0182两层独立公寓maisonette0 1.0183宿舍dormitory0 1.0184青年公寓youth apartment0 1.0185老年公寓house for the elderly0 1.0186养老院nursing home0 1.0187公共活动室commom room, community room0 1.0188卧室bedroom0 1.0189起居室living room0 1.0190书房study0 1.0191餐室dining room0 1.0192厨房kitchen0 1.0193壁柜w

20、all unit, case unit0 1.0194吊柜hanging cabinet0 1.0195地窖cellar0 1.0196教育建筑educational building0 1.0197大学建筑university building0 1.0198学院建筑institute building, collehe building0 1.0199专科学校建筑specail college building0 1.0200中学建筑secondary school building0 1.0201职业学校建筑professional school building0 1.0202小学建筑

21、elementary school building0 1.0203幼儿园kindergarten0 1.0204寄宿制托儿所nursery0 1.0205全日制托儿所day-care center0 1.0206教室classroom0 1.0207阶梯教室lecture theater0 1.0208电化教室audio-visual classroom0 1.0209实验教室laboratory0 1.0210美术教室artroom0 1.0211音乐教室music room0 1.0212劳作教室handicraft room0 1.0213实验工厂practice workshop0

22、1.0214儿童活动室childrens playroom0 1.0215哺乳室nursing room0 1.0216配乳室milk kitchen0 1.0217隔离室isolation room0 1.0218学生中心students center0 1.0219游戏场地playground0 1.0220黑板blackborad0 1.0221讲台forum0 1.0222文化建筑cultural building0 1.0223图书馆library0 1.0224博物馆museum0 1.0225科技馆science museum0 1.0226美术馆art museum0 1.02

23、27画廓gallery0 1.0228文化中心cultural center0 1.0229展览馆exhibition hall0 1.0230天文馆planetarium0 1.0231水族馆aquarium0 1.0232自然博物馆natural history museum0 1.0233青年中心youth center0 1.0234妇女中心womens center0 1.0235陈列室display room0 1.0236展览室exhibition room0 1.0237阅览室reading room0 1.0238阅览间reading carrel0 1.0239微缩图书阅览

24、室microfilm reading room0 1.0240善本图书阅览室rare books reading room0 1.0241文献资料阅览室reference literature room0 1.0242目录厅catalogue room0 1.0243出纳处lending department0 1.0244编目室cataloging room0 1.0245鉴定室authentication room0 1.0246研究室research room0 1.0247复印室copying room0 1.0248装订室binding room0 1.0249书库stack roo

25、m0 1.0250开架管理open stack management0 1.0251闭架管理closed stack management0 1.0252书架book shelf0 1.0253展览架display shelf0 1.0254体育建筑sport building0 1.0255体育场stadium0 1.0256室内体育场indoor stadium0 1.0257体育馆sports hall0 1.0258游泳馆swimming hall, natatorium0 1.0259健身房gymnasium0 1.0260田径场track field0 1.0261足球场footb

26、all court, soccer court0 1.0262篮球场basketball court0 1.0263排球场volleyball court0 1.0264手球场handball court0 1.0265垒球场softball court0 1.0266网球场tennis court0 1.0267羽毛球场badminton court0 1.0268壁球场squash court0 1.0269棒球场baseball field0 1.0270射击场shooting range0 1.0271射箭场archery0 1.0272赛马场race course0 1.0273斗牛

27、场bullfighting arena0 1.0274自行车赛场velodrome0 1.0275滑冰场skating rink0 1.0276水上运动场aquatic sport waters0 1.0277冰球场ice hockey rink 0 1.0278曲棍球场hockey field0 1.0279高尔夫球场golf course0 1.0280跳伞俱乐部parachute club0 1.0281保龄球场bowling club0 1.0282桑拿浴室sauna bathroom0 1.0283按摩室massage room0 1.0284练习场warm-up0 1.0285看台

28、grandstand0 1.0286活动看台movable stand0 1.0287裁判席referees seat0 1.0288运动员席sportsmans seat0 1.0289固定座位bleacher0 1.0290场地field0 1.0291跑道track 0 1.0292跳高场地high jump runway 0 1.0293跳远场地long jump runway0 1.0294三级跳远场地triple jump runway0 1.0295撑竿跳高场地pole vault runway0 1.0296标枪投掷区javelin throwing zone0 1.0297铅

29、球投掷区hammer throwing zone0 1.0298铁饼投掷区discus throwing zone0 1.0299障碍赛跑道hurdle race track0 1.0300跳水池diving pool0 1.0301武术场地martial arts ground0 1.0302举重场地weightlifting platform0 1.0303摔跤场地wrestling ring 0 1.0304拳击比赛台boxing ring0 1.0305击剑场地fencing area0 1.0306游泳池swimming pool0 1.0307泳道swimming lane0 1.

30、0308跳水台diving platform0 1.0309体操台gymnastic floor0 1.0310单杠horizontal bar0 1.0311双杠parallel bars0 1.0312高低杠uneven parallel bars0 1.0313吊环rings0 1.0314鞍马vaulting horse0 1.0315跳马pommel horse0 1.0316自由体操free exercise0 1.0317平衡木halancing beam0 1.0318篮球架backboard0 1.0319球门goal0 1.0320记分牌scoreboard0 1.0321

31、跳伞塔parachuting tower0 1.0322观演建筑theatrical building0 1.0323剧院theater, playhouse0 1.0324表演艺术中心performing arts center0 1.0325歌剧院opera house0 1.0326芭蕾舞剧院ballet theater0 1.0327京剧院Beijing opera theater0 1.0328木偶剧院puppet play theater0 1.0329露天剧场open air theater, amphitheater0 1.0330话剧院drama theater0 1.033

32、1实验剧场experimental theater0 1.0332电影院cinema, movie theater0 1.0333全景电影院panoramic cinema0 1.0334立体电影院stereophonic cinema0 1.0335汽车影院drive-in theater0 1.0336音乐厅concert hall0 1.0337交响乐厅symphony hall0 1.0338独唱独奏厅recital hall0 1.0339观众厅auditorium0 1.0340座席容量seating capacity0 1.0341多用途观众厅multiuse auditoriu

33、m0 1.0342多媒体演出multimedia performance0 1.0343地面升起rakde floor0 1.0344视线sight line0 1.0345排距row spacing0 1.0346错排座席staggered seating0 1.0347纵过道longitudinal aisle0 1.0348横过道transverse aisle0 1.0349天花反射板ceiling reflector0 1.0350池座层orchestra level0 1.0351池座前排stall0 1.0352楼层挑台balcony0 1.0353楼面层tier0 1.0354

34、包厢box0 1.0355迟到席late-comers seat0 1.0356舞台stage0 1.0357箱形舞台proscenium frame stage0 1.0358旋转舞台revolving stage0 1.0359凸出舞台thrust stage0 1.0360中心舞台arena stage0 1.0361活动舞台flexible stage0 1.0362基本台main stage 0 1.0363侧台side stage 0 1.0364转台turntable0 1.0365升降台elevating stage, stage lift0 1.0366车台wagon sta

35、ge0 1.0367表演区acting area0 1.0368乐池orchestra pit0 1.0369台唇apron, forestage0 1.0370台口proscenium0 1.0371假台口 false proscenium, adjustable proscenium0 1.0372大幕front curtain, house tabs0 1.0373防火幕fire curtain0 1.0374天幕cyclorama0 1.0375边幕wing sets0 1.0376声罩acoustic shell0 1.0377布景stage scenery0 1.0378道具sta

36、ge property, prop0 1.0379银幕film screen0 1.0380宽银幕wide film screen0 1.0381立体银幕cinemascope screen0 1.0382天桥fly gallery0 1.0383灯光渡桥traveling lighting gallery0 1.0384舞台塔fly tower0 1.0385舞台吊杆flybar, barrten0 1.0386手动吊杆hand-driven battern0 1.0387电动吊杆motorized winch batten0 1.0388单式吊杆single purchase counte

37、rweight batten0 1.0389复式吊杆double purchase counterweight batten0 1.0390排烟窗vent window0 1.0391舞台灯光stage lighting0 1.0392耳光wall-slot lighting0 1.0393面光front lighting0 1.0394侧光side lighting0 1.0395放映室projection booth, projection room0 1.0396放映孔projection port0 1.0397观察窗observation port0 1.0398后台back sta

38、ge 0 1.0399化妆室dressing room, make-up room0 1.0400排练厅rehearsal room0 1.0401演员休息室green room0 1.0402舞台监督室stge managers room0 1.0403灯光控制室light control room0 1.0404音响控制室sound control room0 1.0405前厅foyer0 1.0406售票处box office0 1.0407疏散出口emergency exit0 1.0408娱乐建筑recreation building0 1.0409娱乐中心recreation ce

39、nter0 1.0410舞厅ballroom0 1.0411俱乐部clubhouse0 1.0412夜总会night club0 1.0413舞池dancing floor0 1.0414医疗卫生建筑medical building0 1.0415医院hospital0 1.0416综合医院general hospital0 1.0417精神医院mental health hospital0 1.0418口腔医院dental hospital0 1.0419妇科医院gynaecologic hospital0 1.0420妇产医院obstetric hospital0 1.0421儿科医院pe

40、diatric hospital0 1.0422传染医院contagious disease hospital0 1.0423肿瘤医院tumour hospital0 1.0424眼科医院ophthalmologic hospital0 1.0425疗养院sanatorium0 1.0426急球中心emergency care center0 1.0427康复中心rehabilitation center0 1.0428中医院traditional Chinese medical hospital0 1.0429医疗站medical station0 1.0430卫生所health cente

41、r0 1.0431防疫站health and quarantine station0 1.0432门诊部outpatient department0 1.0433急诊部emergency department0 1.0434治疗部examination-treatment center0 1.0435理疗部therapeutic department0 1.0436化疗部chemical treatment department0 1.0437手术部operation department,surgical suite0 1.0438针灸部acupuncture department0 1.0

42、439放射部radioactive department0 1.0440分娩部delivery department0 1.0441住院部ward0 1.0442同位素室radioisotope unit0 1.0443化验室testing laboratory0 1.0444挂号处admitting office0 1.0445候诊室waiting lounge0 1.0446诊室consulting room0 1.0447药房pharmacy0 1.0448病房patients room0 1.0449隔离病房isolation ward0 1.0450阳光室solaria0 1.045

43、1营养厨房dietary kitchen0 1.0452手术准备室preparation room0 1.0453手术消毒室sterilizing room0 1.0454麻醉室anesthesia room0 1.0455手术洗涤室scrub-up0 1.0456停尸房mortuary0 1.0457解剖室autopsy room0 1.0458中心供应站central supply0 1.0459工业建筑industrial building0 1.0460火力发电厂steam power station0 1.0461选煤厂coal preparation plant0 1.0462炼油

44、厂oil refinery0 1.0463液化石油气厂liquid petroleum gas plant, LPG plant0 1.0464自来水厂water supply and purification plant0 1.0465钢铁厂iron and steel works 0 1.0466铝厂aluminium factory0 1.0467焦化厂coke plant0 1.0468机械厂machine making factory0 1.0469汽车厂automobile factory0 1.0470拖拉机厂tractor factory0 1.0471机车车辆厂locomot

45、ive and coach wagon factory0 1.0472机床厂machine tool factory0 1.0473电机厂electric motor factory0 1.0474冷冻机厂refrigerating machine wagon0 1.0475锅炉厂boiler making factory0 1.0476轴承厂bearing factory0 1.0477齿轮厂gear factory0 1.0478电镀厂electroplating factory0 1.0479电解厂electrolysis tactory0 1.0480建筑机械厂building equ

46、ipment factory0 1.0481建筑材料厂building material factory0 1.0482建筑五金厂building hardware factory0 1.0483建筑陶瓷厂building ceramics factory0 1.0484水泥厂cement works0 1.0485砖瓦厂brick and tile factory0 1.0486木材厂woodworking factory0 1.0487大理石厂marble factory0 1.0488精密仪器厂precision instrument factory0 1.0489仪器仪表厂instum

47、ent and meter factory0 1.0490钟表厂clock and watch factory0 1.0491眼镜厂spectacles factory0 1.0492化工厂chemical plant0 1.0493塑料厂plastics plant0 1.0494制药厂pharmaceutical factory0 1.0495油漆厂paint factory0 1.0496制管厂piping factory0 1.0497皮毛加工厂leather factory0 1.0498纺织厂textile mill0 1.0499针织厂knitting mill0 1.0500印

48、染厂dyeing plant 0 1.0501服装厂tailor shop 0 1.0502鞋厂shoemaking factory0 1.0503工艺美术厂handicraft factory0 1.0504印刷厂printing press0 1.0505玩具厂toy making factory0 1.0506面包厂bakery0 1.0507面粉厂flour mill0 1.0508食品厂food products factory0 1.0509清真食品厂muslem food products factory0 1.0510豆制品厂bean products factory 0 1.

49、0511饮料厂beverage 0 1.0512酿酒厂winery0 1.0513啤酒厂brewery0 1.0514屠宰厂butchery0 1.0515肉类加工厂meat products factory0 1.0516卷烟厂cigarette factory 0 1.0517茶厂tea factory0 1.0518糖厂sugar mill0 1.0519厂房factory building0 1.0520车间workshop0 1.0521堆场storage yard0 1.0522原料加工车间raw material handing plant 0 1.0523治炼车间smeltin

50、g shop0 1.0524铸造车间casting shop0 1.0525锻造车间forging shop0 1.0526冲压车间drop forging shop0 1.0527焊接车间welding shop0 1.0528金工车间machine-cutting shop0 1.0529木工车间carpentry shop0 1.0530加工车间 processing plant0 1.0531装配车间assembly plant0 1.0532冷拉车间cold-drawing shop0 1.0533热处理车间heat-treatment shop0 1.0534电镀车间electro

51、plating shop0 1.0535电解车间electrolysis shop0 1.0536油漆车间painting shop0 1.0537机修车间machine repair shop0 1.0538中试车间pilot plant0 1.0539烧制车间furnace room0 1.0540精密车间precision workshop0 1.0541洁净车间dust-proof workshop, clearoom0 1.0542中央试验室central laboratory0 1.0543动力站power plant0 1.0544锅炉房boiler house0 1.0545煤

52、气发生站gas generating station0 1.0546压缩空气站compressed air station0 1.0547氧气站oxygen station0 1.0548乙炔站acetylene generating station0 1.0549充电站battery recharge room0 1.0550仓库warehouse, godown0 1.0551总仓库central warehouse0 1.0552成品库final product storage0 1.0553装卸站台loading platform0 1.0554厂前区administration qu

53、arter0 1.0555生活间changing room, locker room0 1.0556吊车crane0 1.0557汽车地磅truck-weighing platform0 1.0558水塔water tower0 1.0559电瓶车库battery car room0 1.0560商业建筑commercial building0 1.0561百货商店department store0 1.0562超级市场supermarket0 1.0563自选商场self service store0 1.0564购物中心shopping center0 1.0565市场market hal

54、l0 1.0566农贸市场farm product market0 1.0567鱼市fishmonger, fish stall0 1.0568肉市butcher shop0 1.0569禽市poultry stall0 1.0570蛋市egg stall0 1.0571果市fruit stall0 1.0572菜市场vegetable market0 1.0573批发商店wholesale store0 1.0574零售商店retail store0 1.0575专卖店speciality shop0 1.0576粮店grain store0 1.0577副食店foodstuffs stor

55、e0 1.0578食品店provisions shop0 1.0579熟食店delicatessen shop0 1.0580点心铺pastry store0 1.0581杂货铺grocery0 1.0582饭馆restaurant0 1.0583饮食店cafeteria0 1.0584小吃店snack bar 0 1.0585快餐店fast food restaurant0 1.0586茶馆 tea house 0 1.0587包子铺stuffed bun house0 1.0588食堂canteen0 1.0589中药店traditional Chinses medicine store0

56、 1.0590西药店drugstore0 1.0591布店cloth store0 1.0592呢绒绸缎店silk and wool fabric store0 1.0593服装店clothing store0 1.0594鞋帽店hat and shoes store0 1.0595床上用品店bed linens store0 1.0596家具店furniture store0 1.0597眼镜店spectacles store0 1.0598钟表店clocks and watches store0 1.0599文具用品店stationary store0 1.0600书店bookstore0

57、 1.0601花店flower shop0 1.0602服饰店haberdashery0 1.0603洗染店laundering and dyeing shop0 1.0604干洗店dry cleaning shop0 1.0605工艺美术品店arts and cafts store0 1.0606金银手饰店jewelry store0 1.0607珠宝店jewelry shop0 1.0608照相馆photo studio0 1.0609理发店barber shop0 1.0610美发廊hair salon0 1.0611美容院beauty parlour0 1.0612浴堂bath hou

58、se0 1.0613旅馆hotel0 1.0614旅店inn0 1.0615宾馆guesthouse0 1.0616汽车旅馆motel0 1.0617银行bank0 1.0618储蓄所saving bank0 1.0619证券交易所stock exchange0 1.0620营业厅shopping hall0 1.0621售货区Sales area0 1.0622顾客活动区customers area0 1.0623橱窗shop window, show window0 1.0624收款柜台cashier0 1.0625货架shelf0 1.0626货柜counter0 1.0627卸货间de

59、livery room0 1.0628卸货台delivery platform0 1.0629主食加工间staple food processing room0 1.0630副食加工间non-staple food processing room0 1.0631主食库staple food storage0 1.0632副食库non-staple food storage0 1.0633调料库condiment storage0 1.0634备餐间pantry, food preparation room0 1.0635食具洗涤消毒间ware washing and sterilizing r

60、oom0 1.0636烧火间firing sector0 1.0637冷藏库cold storage0 1.0638冷藏间refrigerated storage room0 1.0639冷冻间freezed storage room0 1.0640制冻间ice-mking room0 1.0641客房guest room0 1.0642套间客房suite0 1.0643总统客房presidential suite0 1.0644单床间single-bed room0 1.0645双床间double room0 1.0646休息厅looby, loung 0 1.0647接待厅receptio

61、n hall,front desk0 1.0648总服务台reception desk 0 1.0649餐厅dining hall0 1.0650中餐厅Chinese restaurant0 1.0651西餐厅west restaurant0 1.0652咖啡厅coffee house, coffee shop0 1.0653风味餐厅speciality restaurant0 1.0654宴会厅banquet hall0 1.0655多功能厅multi-function hall0 1.0656酒巴间bar 0 1.0657洗手间rest room0 1.0658洗衣房laundry0 1.

62、0659交通建筑transportain building0 1.0660航空港airport0 1.0661候机楼air-terminal0 1.0662售票厅booking hall0 1.0663候机厅departure hall0 1.0664行李托运站baggage check-in0 1.0665旅客通道passenger concourse0 1.0666海关检查处customs examination0 1.0667登机口boarding gate0 1.0668行李提取站bagggage claim0 1.0669停机坪apron0 1.0670直升机坪helistop0 1

63、.0671指挥塔command tower0 1.0672飞机跑道runway0 1.0673火车站railway terminal, railway station0 1.0674汽车客运站bus passenger terminal, bus passenger station 0 1.0675水路客运站waterway passenger terminal, watermqy passenger station 0 1.0676候车室waiting lounge0 1.0677行李室luggage room0 1.0678站台railway platform0 1.0679站台雨棚pla

64、tform shed0 1.0680灯塔beacon, lighthouse0 1.0681汽车库garage0 1.0682多层车库multistory garage0 1.0683加油站petrol filling station0 1.0684汽车修理站car repair pit0 1.0685汽车洗车台car wash 0 1.0686岗亭sentry box0 1.0687农业生产建筑farm building0 1.0688粮库granary0 1.0689筒仓silo0 1.0690种子库seed storage0 1.0691选种室seed selection room0 1

65、.0692粮食加工厂grain processing plant0 1.0693晒场sunning ground0 1.0694温室greenhouse0 1.0695塑料大棚plastic-cover greenhouse0 1.0696农机站farm machinery station0 1.0697保养间maintenance shop0 1.0698农具棚agricultural tools shed0 1.0699零件库machine parts storage0 1.0700农机修理站agricultural machine repair station0 1.0701种马场sta

66、llion barn0 1.0702役马场military horse harn0 1.0703马厩horse stable0 1.0704乳牛场dairy farm0 1.0705牛舍stanchion barn0 1.0706公牛舍bull barn0 1.0707犊牛舍calf barn0 1.0708挤乳间milking parlour0 1.0709牛乳处理间milkhouse0 1.0710养鸡场poultry yard0 1.0711鸡舍hencoop0 1.0712养猪场pig farm, hog lot0 1.0713猪舍pigsty0 1.0714饲料储存处feed sto

67、rage0 1.0715饲料加工间feed processing plant0 1.0716食槽manger0 1.0717饮水池drinking water pool0 1.0718人工采精室sperm collection room0 1.0719授精配种室sperm fertilization room0 1.0720病兽隔离室isolation barn0 1.0721兽医站veterinary stastion0 1.0722积肥场fertilizer yard0 1.0723沼气池biomass pool0 1.0724农业服务中心agricultural service cent

68、er0 1.0725办公建筑office building0 1.0726多层办公楼multistory office0 1.0727高层办公楼office tower0 1.0728行政办公楼administrative building0 1.0729专用办公楼special-use office building0 1.0730综合性办公楼multiuse office building0 1.0731智能办公楼intelligent building, smart building0 1.0732单间式布局private office layout0 1.0733大空间布局open l

69、andscape layout0 1.0734单走道布局single-corridor layout0 1.0735双走道布局double-corridor layout0 1.0736单外廊布局single exterior-corridor layout0 1.0737双外廊布局double exterior-corridor layout0 1.0738办公室office room0 1.0739设计室design studio0 1.0740绘图室driafting room0 1.0741档案室file room0 1.0742晒图室reproduction room0 1.0743

70、图档室drawings and documents room0 1.0744打字室typing room0 1.0745模型室model shop0 1.0746公共建筑public building0 1.0747国际会议大厦international convertion hall0 1.0748国家会议大厦state convention hall0 1.0749市政厅municipal hall, city hall0 1.0750会议厅assembly hall0 1.0751礼堂auditorium0 1.0752主席台presidium0 1.0753同声传译控制室simulta

71、neous interpretation booth0 1.0754翻译室interpreters room0 1.0755监听室monitor room0 1.0756扩音控制室broadcasting control room0 1.0757电视转播室television transmission room0 1.0758电视转播车television transmission vehicle0 1.0759总指挥室general directors room0 1.0760法院courthouse0 1.0761法庭courtroom0 1.0762法官室judges suite0 1.

72、0763秘书室law clerks room0 1.0764律师室lawyers room0 1.0765证人室witness room0 1.0766拘留室detention room0 1.0767警察局police station0 1.0768派出所police substation0 1.0769监狱prison, jail 0 1.0770牢房prison cell0 1.0771接收牢房incarceration cell0 1.0772隔离牢房isolation cell0 1.0773检查室examination room0 1.0774讯问处interrogation ro

73、om0 1.0775看守室guards room0 1.0776瞭望室watchtower0 1.0777消防站fire station0 1.0778消防车库fire engine room0 1.0779训练塔training tower0 1.0780通信建筑communication building0 1.0781邮局post office0 1.0782电信楼telecommunication building0 1.0783营业柜台clerk counter0 1.0784书写台writing counter0 1.0785电话间telephone booth0 1.0786广播

74、楼broadcasting station0 1.0787电视中心television center, TV center0 1.0788卫星通信地面站satellite ground station0 1.0789录音室recording room0 1.0790演播室studio0 1.0791微波塔microwave transmission tower0 1.0792电视塔TV transmission tower0 1.0793电影制片厂motion picture studio0 1.0794科学建筑science building0 1.0795研究中心research cent

75、er0 1.0796试验楼laboratory building0 1.0797试验室laboratory room0 1.0798物理试验室physics laboratory0 1.0799化学试验室chemistry laboratory0 1.0800光学试验室optics laboratory0 1.0801声学试验室acoustic laboratory0 1.0802混响室reverberationroom0 1.0803隔声室soundproof room0 1.0804消声室sound attenuation room, anechoic room0 1.0805热工试验室t

76、hermal science laboratory0 1.0806生物试验室biology laboratory0 1.0807机械性能试验室mechanical properties laboratory0 1.0808无菌室bacteria-free room0 1.0809计量室metrology room0 1.0810天平室balance room0 1.0811电子显微镜室electronic microscopy room0 1.0812试验台testing counter0 1.0813通风罩ventilation hood0 1.0814天文台observatory0 1.0

77、815气象台meteorological station0 1.0816宗教建筑religious building0 1.0817庙temple0 1.0818寺buddhist temple0 1.0819庵nunnery0 1.0820祠shrine0 1.0821观taoist temple0 1.0822山门temple gate0 1.0823大殿main temple hall0 1.0824经堂scripture hall0 1.0825钟楼bell tower0 1.0826鼓楼drum tower0 1.0827纪念建筑memorial building0 1.0828纪念

78、碑memorial monument0 1.0829台座pedestal0 1.0830纪念堂memorial hall0 1.0831纪念牌坊monumental gateway0 1.0832地下建筑underground building0 1.0833人防地下室air-raid shelter0 1.0834防核尘地下室fallout shelter0 1.0835地铁车站subway station, metro station0 1.0836地下商场underground store0 1.0837地下窑居underground dwelling0 1.0838地下珍宝馆under

79、ground treasure chamber0 1.0839地下车库underground garage0 1.0840地下仓库underground warehouse0 1.0841地下金库underground gold treasury 0 1.0842地下冷库underground cold storage0 1.0843地下粮仓underground granary0 1.0844地下试验室underground testing laboratory0 1.0845生土建筑earth building0 1.0846窑居cave dwelling0 1.0847夯土房rammed

80、 earth construction0 1.0848土筑房earthwork house0 1.0849土坯房adobe house0 1.0850覆土建筑earth-covered construction0 1.0851自行车棚bicycle shed0 1.0852围墙fence wall, enclosure wall0 1.0853大门entrance gate, main door0 1.0854门房gatehouse01.3 建 筑 设 计0 1.0855设计管理design administration0 1.0856建筑法buliding law,building ordi

81、nance0 1.0857建筑师注册法architects registration ordinance0 1.0858职业工程师法professional engineers law0 1.0859建筑主管机关building authority0 1.0860建筑设计院building design institute0 1.0861建筑设计所building design office0 1.0862建筑师architecf0 1.0863结构工程师structural engineer0 1.0864职业工程师professional engineer0 1.0865咨询工程师desi

82、gn consultant0 1.0866估价师estimator, quantity surveyor0 1.0867设计委托design commission0 1.0868设计协议design agreement0 1.0869设计合同design contract0 1.0870设计义务design liability0 1.0871损害义务tort liability0 1.0872设计费design fee0 1.0873收费标准fee scale0 1.0874百分比收费percentage cost fee0 1.0875单位面积收费unit area fee0 1.0876总

83、额收费lump sum fee0 1.0877成本附加费cost plus fee0 1.0878资质审查qualification0 1.0879注册registration0 1.0880执照license0 1.0881合伙制设计事务所design partnership0 1.0882设计规范design code0 1.0883设计标准design approval0 1.0884职业道德守则code of professional ethics0 1.0885设计程序design process0 1.0886可行性研究feasibility study0 1.0887机会研究op

84、portunity study0 1.0888建筑策划architectural programming0 1.0889场址选择site selection0 1.0890需求预测demand forecasting0 1.0891价格分析price analysis0 1.0892建筑条件construction conditions0 1.0893设计方案design alternative0 1.0894劳动定员manpower quota0 1.0895实施计划implementation schedule0 1.0896投资额investment cost0 1.0897运行成本ru

85、nning cost, operating cost0 1.0898资金返本期payback period0 1.0899投资返回率 rate of return0 1.0900投资决策investment decision0 1.0901面积定额building area quota0 1.0902设计任务书design brief0 1.0903建设单位client又称“业主”。0 1.0904建设项目building project0 1.0905建设规模building size0 1.0906建设场址building site0 1.0907建设工期construction peri

86、od0 1.0908设计标准design standard0 1.0909投资限额control budget0 1.0910人均指标per capita index0 1.0911设计阶段design stage, design phase0 1.0912方案设计schematic design0 1.0913构思设计concept design0 1.0914方案估算schematic design estimate0 1.0915初步设计preliminary design0 1.0916设计概算preliminary estimate0 1.0917扩大初步设计expanded pre

87、liminary design0 1.0918技术设计design development0 1.0919施工图working drawing 0 1.0920工程量表bill of quantities, BOQ0 1.0921材料设备表material and equipment schedule0 1.0922工程预算detail estimate0 1.0923施工说明书specification0 1.0924施工组织设计construction management planning0 1.0925项目管理project management0 1.0926成本计划cost pla

88、nning0 1.0927成本控制cost control0 1.0928施工监督construction supervision0 1.0929隐蔽工程验收subsurface work acceptance0 1.0930变更通告单change order0 1.0931进度证明书certificate on progress0 1.0932工程验收acceptance on examination0 1.0933竣工图as-built drawing0 1.0934工程决算final building cost0 1.0935设计前期工作predesign work0 1.0936环境分

89、析environmental analysis0 1.0937项目服务面积catchment area0 1.0938人口分析demographic analysis.0 1.0939地文分析physiographic analysis0 1.0940场地分析site analysis0 1.0941场地位置site location0 1.0942场地通达度site accessibility0 1.0943场地方位site orientation0 1.0944场地地形ite topography0 1.0945场地地貌 surface feature0 1.0946土质条件soil co

90、ndition0 1.0947排水条件drainage condition0 1.0948阳光入射角solar angle0 1.0949阳光辐射强度solar radiation intensity0 1.0950交通条件transportation condition0 1.0951公用设施条件utility availability0 1.0952生态条件ecological condition0 1.0953场地边线site boundary0 1.0954地役权easement0 1.0955通过权right of way0 1.0956使用限制权deed restriction0

91、1.0957土地价值land value0 1.0958功能分析function analysis0 1.0959空间需求space requirement0 1.0960空间组成spatial composition0 1.0961流通模式circulation pattern0 1.0962近邻性分析adjacency analysis0 1.0963行为背景behavior setting0 1.0964群体交互group interaction0 1.0965场地规划site planning0 1.0966总平面运输设计general layout and transportatio

92、n design0 1.0967建筑朝向building orientation0 1.0968阴影模式分析shadow pattern analysis0 1.0969竖向设计vertical design0 1.0970土方平衡cut and fill balance0 1.0971流线设计circulation design0 1.0972道路设计road design0 1.0973尽端路cul-de-sac (法)0 1.0974建筑物设计building design0 1.0975建筑设计architectural design0 1.0976建筑创作architectural

93、creation0 1.0977结构设计structural design0 1.0978设备设计building service design0 1.0979上下水设计water supply and sewerage design0 1.0980暖通设计heating and ventilation design0 1.0981空调设计air conditioning design 0 1.0982照明设计illumination design0 1.0983动力系统设计power system design0 1.0984通信系统设计communication design0 1.098

94、5室内交通设计interior transportation design0 1.0986功能空间一览表functional space schedule0 1.0987气泡图bubble diagram0 1.0988平面布置floor plan layout0 1.0989空间综合spatial synthesis0 1.0990日照计算solar calculation, daylight calcula-tion0 1.0991视线设计sight line design 0 1.0992视点reference point0 1.0993视距sight distance0 1.0994视

95、角sight angle0 1.0995视线升高eye-level rise0 1.0996热工设计thermal performance design0 1.0997节能设计energy saving design0 1.0998室内设计interior design0 1.0999门窗表door and window schedule0 1.1000计算机辅助建筑设计computer-aided-architectural-design, CAAD0 1.1001建筑描述系统building description system0 1.1002项目数据库project database0

96、1.1003形象图库image library0 1.1004详图图库detail library0 1.1005部件图库component library0 1.1006二维制图系统2D drafting system0 1.1007三维模型系统3D modelling system0 1.1008自动详图制作automated detailing0 1.1009自动部件选择automated component selection0 1.1010三维地貌模型3D terrain modelling0 1.1011环境模拟environment simulation0 1.1012热反应模拟

97、thermal response simulation0 1.1013声学模拟acoustic simulation0 1.1014色彩模拟color simulation0 1.1015动态鸟瞰animated perspective0 1.1016动态漫游 animated walk-through0 1.1017建筑计量building measurement0 1.1018建筑总面积gross floor area0 1.1019建筑净面积net floor area0 1.1020使用面积usable floor area0 1.1021辅助面积auxiliary floor are

98、a0 1.1022场地面积site area0 1.1023建筑基底面积building area0 1.1024容积率floor-area ratio, plot ratio, FAR0 1.1025建筑密度building density0 1.1026外延长度perimetric length0 1.1027长宽比aspect ratio0 1.1028开间bay width0 1.1029进深depth0 1.1030跨度span0 1.1031层高story height0 1.1032净高clear height0 1.1033建筑体积building volume0 1.1034

99、建筑造型architectural image0 1.1035形体figure0 1.1036形状shape0 1.1037尺度scale0 1.1038体量mass0 1.1039比例proportion0 1.1040黄金分割golden section0 1.1041节奏rhythm0 1.1042韵律meter0 1.1043对称symmetry0 1.1044反差contrast0 1.1045平衡balance0 1.1046层次layer0 1.1047序列sequence0 1.1048实体solid0 1.1049虚体void0 1.1050质感texture0 1.1051

100、肌理grain又称“纹理”0 1.1052色彩color0 1.1053明暗度brightness又称“亮度”0 1.1054光影shade and shadow0 1.1055建筑外立面facade, elevation0 1.1056建筑细部architectural detail0 1.1057象征意义symbolic meaning0 1.1058建筑隐喻architectural metaphor0 1.1059建筑表达architectural presentation0 1.1060建筑制图architectural drafting0 1.1061建筑总平面图site plan

101、0 1.1062建筑平面图architectural plan0 1.1063建筑立面图architectural elevation0 1.1064建筑剖面图architectural section0 1.1065详图detail drawing0 1.1066修正图revised drawing0 1.1067比例尺scale0 1.1068指北针compass0 1.1069图例legend0 1.1070图框frame0 1.1071素描sketch0 1.1072徒手素描free-hand sketch0 1.1073渲染rendering0 1.1074水彩渲染water col

102、or rendering0 1.1075透视图perspective drawing0 1.1076鸟瞰图birds eye view drawing0 1.1077等视图isometric drawing0 1.1078轴视图axonometric drawing0 1.1079建筑模型building model0 1.1080建筑环境模型building environment model0 1.1081防灾设计disaster prevention design0 1.1082防火设计fire protection design0 1.1083防火规范fire code0 1.1084

103、火灾分类fire hazard classification0 1.1085防火分区fire compartmentation0 1.1086耐火等级fire protection rating0 1.1087建筑用途building occupancy0 1.1088防火间距separation distance0 1.1089燃烧体combustible0 1.1090非燃烧体non-combustible0 1.1091着火性能flammability0 1.1092闪点flash point0 1.1093耐火极限fire endurance0 1.1094安全出口safety exi

104、t0 1.1095疏散时间egress time0 1.1096防火墙fire wall0 1.1097防火带fire break0 1.1098防火门fire door, fireproof door0 1.1099防火窗fire window0 1.1100疏散楼梯escape stair0 1.1101坚井封闭shaft enclosure0 1.1102消防梯fire ladder0 1.1103防火卷帘fire curtain0 1.1104水幕water curtain0 1.1105抗震设计aseismic design, earthquake-resis-tance desig

105、n0 1.1106防振设计vibration control design0 1.1107弹性支承elastic mounting0 1.1108软性覆面soft floor covering0 1.1109积极防振active insulation0 1.1110消极隔振passive insulation0 1.1111防爆设计blast-proof design0 1.1112易爆物料explosive material0 1.1113泄瀑explosive venting0 1.1114吸尘系统dust-collecting system0 1.1115电磁屏蔽设计electromag

106、netic shielding0 1.1116防辐射设计radiation-proof design0 1.1117铅板屏lead shielding0 1.1118避雷设计lightning prevention design0 1.1119防腐蚀设计corrosion proof design0 1.1120建筑缺陷building defect0 1.1121地面隆起earth heaving0 1.1122墙体开裂wall crazing, wall cracking0 1.1123建筑漏水water penetration0 1.1124建筑受潮dampness penetratio

107、n0 1.1125表面结露surface sweating, condensation0 1.1126表面起泡surface blistering0 1.1127表面剥落surface peeling0 1.1128表面片落flaking0 1.1129砖面泛白brick efflorescence0 1.1130管道炸裂pipe bursting0 1.1131烟囱倾斜stack leaning0 1.1132梁下垂beam sagging0 1.1133屋面积水roof ponding0 1.1134建筑诊断building diagnosis0 1.1135建筑费用building co

108、st0 1.1136全寿命费用life cycle cost0 1.1137初建费用initial cost0 1.1138标准分项standardized classification0 1.1139费用项目cost item0 1.1140场地工程sitework0 1.1141场地准备site preparation0 1.1142场地设施site facility0 1.1143场外工程off-site work0 1.1144下部结构substructure0 1.1145上部结构superstructure0 1.1146围护结构building envelope, enclosu

109、re0 1.1147内部隔断interior partition0 1.1148机械系统mechanical system0 1.1149电气系统electrical system0 1.1150固定设备fixed equipment0 1.1151陈设furnishing0 1.1152家具furniture0 1.1153专门项目specialties0 1.1154管理费用overhead cost0 1.1155未预见费用contingencies0 1.1156使用期费用cost in use0 1.1157能源费用energy cost0 1.1158维护费用maintenance

110、 cost0 1.1159修理费用repair cost0 1.1160更换费用replacement cost0 1.1161更改费用alteration cost0 1.1162拆除费用demolition cost0 1.1163残值 salvage cost0 1.1164建筑经济寿命building economic life0 1.1165折现率discount rate0 1.1166现值present worth0 1.1167风险分析 risk analysis0 1.1168决策分析decision analysis0 1.1169使用前评估pre-occupation e

111、valuation0 1.1170使用后评估post-occupation evaluation, POE0 1.1171技术性能technical performance0 1.1172使用性能functional performance0 1.1173行为性能behavioral performance0 1.1174可建性buildability0 1.1175安全性safety0 1.1176可靠性reliability0 1.1177耐久性durability0 1.1178实用性commodity, practicality0 1.1179可居性habitabilit0 1.118

112、0社区生活质量quality of life, QOL0 1.1181私密性privacy0 1.1182识别性identity0 1.1183多样性diversity0 1.1184多元性pluralism0 1.1185统一性unity0 1.1186谐和感harmony0 1.1187比拟comparison0 1.1188重复repetition0 1.1189联想association0 1.1190开放性openness0 1.1191动态motion0 1.1192静态repose0 1.1193时代性temporal spirit0 1.1194民族性national char

113、acter0 1.1195地方性genius loci0 1.1196场所感sense of place0 1.1197适应性adaptability0 1.1198文脉性contextuality01.4 建筑物理01.4.1 建筑声学0 1.1199环境声学environmental acoustics0 1.1200基频fundamental frequency0 1.1201主频basic frequency0 1.1202纯音pure tone0 1.1203衍射diffraction0 1.1204反射reflection0 1.1205折射refraction0 1.1206散射

114、scattering0 1.1207有效声压effective sound pressure0 1.1208声功率sound power0 1.1209声压级sound pressure level0 1.1210声强级sound intensity level0 1.1211声功率级sound power level0 1.1212分贝decibel, dB0 1.1213频程frequency interval0 1.1214频谱frequency spectrum0 1.1215线谱line spectrum0 1.1216连续谱continuous spectrum0 1.1217可听

115、声audible sound0 1.1218听阈audibility threshold0 1.1219掩蔽效应masking effect0 1.1220干涉wave interference0 1.1221噪声noise0 1.1222无规噪声random noise0 1.1223白噪声white noise0 1.1224粉红噪声pink noise0 1.1225特性阻抗characteristic impedance0 1.1226辐射阻抗radiation impedance0 1.1227音程pitch interval0 1.1228音调pitch0 1.1229音色musi

116、cal quality0 1.1230响度loudness0 1.1231等响曲线equal loudness contour0 1.1232峰值因数crest factor0 1.1233音质 sound quality0 1.1234声线sound ray0 1.1235几何声学geometrical acoustics0 1.1236波动声学wave acoustics0 1.1237统计声学statistical acoustics0 1.1238直达声direct sound0 1.1239声场sound field0 1.1240自由场free sound field0 1.124

117、1扩散场diffuse field0 1.1242近场near field0 1.1243远场far field0 1.1244扩散距离diffuse distance0 1.1245平均自由程mean free path0 1.1246声能比acoustic energy ratio0 1.1247声能密度sound energy density0 1.1248声能通量sound energy flux0 1.1249脉冲声impulsive sound0 1.1250房间常数room constant0 1.1251音质设计acoustical design0 1.1252音质评价标准ac

118、oustical criteria0 1.1253混响reverberation0 1.1254混响时间reverberation time0 1.1255最佳混响时间optimum reverberation time0 1.1256衰变率decay rate0 1.1257清晰度articulation0 1.1258丰满度fullness0 1.1259指向性因数direetivity factor0 1.1260哈斯效应Hass effect0 1.1261早期反射声early reflection0 1.1262侧向反射声lateral refraction0 1.1263多重回声m

119、ultiple echo0 1.1264颤动回声flutter echo0 1.1265声聚焦sound focus0 1.1266脉冲响应impulsive response0 1.1267声反馈acoustical feedback0 1.1268声耦合acoustical coupling0 1.1269扩散体diffuser0 1.1270人工混响artificial reverberation0 1.1271声像sound image0 1.1272虚声源virtual sound source0 1.1273立体声系统stereophonic system0 1.1274赛宾吸声系

120、数Sabine coefficient0 1.1275染色效应coloration0 1.1276吸声sound absorption0 1.1277声反射系数acoustical reflectivity0 1.1278吸声材料sound absorption material0 1.1279吸声系数sound absorption coefficient0 1.1280法向入射吸声系数normal incidence absorption coeffi-cient0 1.1281随机入射吸声系数random incidence absorption coef-ficient0 1.1282

121、等效吸声面积equivalent absorption area0 1.1283房间吸声量room absorption0 1.1284降噪系数noise reduction coefficient, NRC0 1.1285吸声降噪sound absorption reduction0 1.1286多孔吸声材料porous absorption material0 1.1287吸声结构sound absorption construction0 1.1288共振吸收resonance absorption0 1.1289亥姆霍兹共振器Helmholtz resonator0 1.1290微穿孔

122、吸声结构microperforated absorber0 1.1291穿孔率perforated percentage0 1.1292空间吸声体suspended absorber0 1.1293有效流阻effective flow resistance0 1.1294电子吸声器electronic absorber0 1.1295吸声尖劈wedge absorber0 1.1296边缘效应edge effect0 1.1297结构因数structure factor0 1.1298噪声控制noise control0 1.1299噪声降低noise reduction0 1.1300背景噪

123、声background noise0 1.1301A计权声级A weighted sound pressure level0 1.1302等效连续A声级equivalent continuous A sound level0 1.1303累计统计声级cumulative statistical sound level0 1.1304昼夜等效声级day-night equivalent sound level0 1.1305噪度noisiness0 1.1306有效感觉噪声级effective perceived noise level0 1.1307语言干扰级speechinterferenc

124、e level0 1.1308环境噪声ambient noise0 1.1309噪声评价曲线noise rating contour, NR contour0 1.1310噪声评价数noise rating number0 1.1311噪声污染级noise pollution level0 1.1312噪声冲击noise impact0 1.1313室内允许噪声级permitted noise level in room0 1.1314自然衰减natural attenuation0 1.1315消声器muffler0 1.1316管道消声duct attenuation0 1.1317喷注噪

125、声jet noise0 1.1318消声坑silence pit0 1.1319消声弯头lined elbow0 1.1320截止频率cutoff frequency0 1.1321反声antisound0 1.1322声全息图acoustical hologram0 1.1323再生噪声regenerated noise0 1.1324废声s6nic boom0 1.1325听力损失hearing loss0 1.1326听觉疲劳auditory fatigue0 1.1327听力零级audiometric zero level0 1.1328随机振动random vibration0 1.

126、1329隔振vibration isolation0 1.1330拾振器vibration pickup0 1.1331传递比transmissibility0 1.1332动力吸振器dynamic vibration absorber0 1.1333振动等响曲线equal vibration feeling contour0 1.1334静态压缩量static deflection0 1.1335内阻尼internal damping0 1.1336阻尼比damping ratio0 1.1337空气声air-borne sound0 1.1338固体声solid-borne sound0

127、1.1339撞击声impact sound0 1.1340透射系数sound transmission coefficient0 1.1341插入损失insertion loss0 1.1342隔声量sound insulation factor0 1.1343透射等级sound transmission class, STC0 1.1344吻合效应coincidence effect0 1.1345侧向传声flanking sound transmission0 1.1346声桥sound bridge0 1.1347声锁sound lock0 1.1348隔声罩sound insulati

128、on enclosure0 1.1349隔声屏障noise barrier0 1.1350隔声幕sound insulation curtain0 1.1351声影区sound shadow0 1.1352有源减噪active sound reduction0 1.1353标准噪声源reference sound source0 1.1354标准撞击器tapping machine0 1.1355声透镜acoustical lens0 1.1356护耳器ear defender0 1.1357末端反射损失end reflection loss01.4.2 建筑光学0 1.1358流明lumen

129、符号lm.0 1.1359坎德拉candela符号cd.0 1.1360勒克斯lux符号lx.0 1.1361视觉vision0 1.1362明视觉photopic vision0 1.1363暗视觉scotopic vision0 1.1364中间视觉 mesopic vision0 1.1365视力visual acuity0 1.1366视觉功效visual performance0 1.1367明适应lightness adaptation0 1.1368暗适应darkness adaptation0 1.1369色调hue0 1.1370彩度chroma0 1.1371色表color

130、 appearance0 1.1372显色性color rendering0 1.1373色温color temperature0 1.1374眩光glare0 1.1375光幕反射veiling reflection0 1.1376亮度对比 luminance contrast0 1.1377视觉环境visual environment0 1.1378视觉作业visual task0 1.1379视觉显示visual display0 1.1380工作面work plane0 1.1381照度计illumination meter, luxrfieter0 1.1382亮度计luminanc

131、e meter0 1.1383光强分布测定仪goniophotometer0 1.1384积分球integrating sphere0 1.1385色度计colorimeter 0 1.1386光电池photocell0 1.1387光谱光视效率spectral luminous efficiency0 1.1388采光daylighting0 1.1389直射光sunlight0 1.1390天空光skylight0 1.1391昼光daylight又称“天然光”0 1.1392全阴天天空overcast sky0 1.1393全晴天天空clear sky0 1.1394平均天空averag

132、e sky0 1.1395光照气候light climate0 1.1396光照气候系数light climate factor0 1.1397室外临界照度outdoor critical illUminance0 1.1398采光系数daylight factor0 1.1399窗地面积比 glazing floor area ratio0 1.1400侧面采光 lateral daylighting0 1.1401顶部采光top daylighting0 1.1402采光均匀度daylight uniformity0 1.1403窗眩光指数glare index of window0 1.

133、1404采光口daylight opening0 1.1405人工天空artificial sky0 1.1406日照sunshine0 1.1407朝向orientation0 1.1408标准时standard time0 1.1409地方时local time0 1.1410日照时数sunshine duration0 1.1411可照时数possible sunshine duration0 1.1412日照百分率relative sunshine duration0 1.1413日照面积sunshine area0 1.1414日照间距sunshine spacing0 1.1415

134、棒影图flagpole shadow paths0 1.1416遮阳sunshade, awning0 1.1417水平遮阳horizontal sunshade0 1.1418垂直遮阳vertical sunshade0 1.1419综合式遮阳comprehensive sunshade0 1.1420档板式遮阳screen sunshade0 1.1421遮阳特性图sunshade characteristics diagram0 1.1422遮阳时间sunshade hours0 1.1423暗室dark room0 1.1424照明illumination, lighting0 1.1

135、425照明环境luminous environment0 1.1426一般照明general lighting0 1.1427局部照明local lighting0 1.1428分区一般照明localized lighting0 1.1429混合照明mixed lighting0 1.1430常设人工辅助照明permanent supplementary artificial lighting0 1.1431正常照明normal lighting0 1.1432应急照明emergency lighting又称“事故照明”0 1.1433疏散照明escape lighting0 1.1434安全

136、照明safety lighting0 1.1435备用照明standby lighting0 1.1436方向照明directional lighting0 1.1437漫射照明diffused lighting0 1.1438泛光照明flood lighting0 1.1439定向照明spotlighting0 1.1440直接照明direct lighting0 1.1441半直接照明semi-direct lighting0 1.1442一般漫射照明general diffused lighting0 1.1443半间接照明semi-indirect lighting0 1.1444间接

137、照明indirect lighting0 1.1445白炽灯incandescent lamp0 1.1446卤钨灯tungsten halogen lamp0 1.1447荧光灯fluorescent lamp 0 1.1448低压钠灯low-pressure sodium vapour lamp0 1.1449高压钠灯 high-pressure sodium vapour lamp0 1.1450金属卤化物灯metal halide lamp0 1.1451混光光源mixed light sources0 1.1452启辉器starter0 1.1453镇流器ballast0 1.145

138、4调光器dimmer0 1.1455灯具luminaire0 1.1456对称配光型灯具symmetrical luminaire0 1.1457非对称配光型灯具asymmetrical luminaire0 1.1458广角型灯具wide angle luminaire0 1.1459普通照明灯具ordinary luminaire0 1.1460保护防爆灯具explosion-proof luminalre0 1.1461可调节灯具adjustable luminaire0 1.1462手提式灯具portable luminaire0 1.1463投光灯projector0 1.1464筒

139、光downlight0 1.1465截光角cutoff angle0 1.1466遮光角shielding angle0 1.1467灯具效率luminaire efficiency0 1.1468灯具亮度限制曲线luminaire limitation curve0 1.1469光强分布曲线luminous intensity distribution curve0 1.1470等照度曲线iso-luminance curve0 1.1471利用系数utilization factor0 1.1472维护系数maintenance factor0 1.1473照度均匀度illuminance

140、 uniformity01.4.3 建筑热学0 1.1474传热 heat transfer0 1.1475传导conduction0 1.1476对流convection0 1.1477辐射radiation0 1.1478温度梯度temperature gradient0 1.1479温度场 temperature field0 1.1480受迫对流forced convection0 1.1481自然对流natural convection, free convection0 1.1482稳定传热steady state heat conduction0 1.1483非稳定传热unste

141、ady state heat conduction0 1.1484导温系数thermal diffusivity0 1.1485热导率thermal conductivity0 1.1486比热specific heat0 1.1487热阻thermal resistance0 1.1488吸收率absorptivity0 1.1489反射率reflectivity0 1.1490透射率transmissivity0 1.1491周期性传热periodic heat transfer0 1.1492温度振幅temperature amplitude0 1.1493温度衰减temperature

142、 damping0 1.1494时间延迟time lag0 1.1495蓄热系数coefficient of heat accumulation0 1.1496热惰性thermal inertia0 1.1497热稳定性heat stability0 1.1498相对湿度relative humidity0 1.1499绝对湿度absolute humidity0 1.1500传质mass transfer0 1.1501质扩散mass diffusion0 1.1502水蒸气分压力partial vapor pressure0 1.1503水蒸气渗透vapor permeation0 1.1

143、504蒸汽扩散vapor diffusion0 1.1505蒸汽冷凝vapor condensation0 1.1506气密性airtightness0 1.1507露点dew point0 1.1508热流heat flow0 1.1509热流强度heat flow intensity0 1.1510热容量heat capacity0 1.1511空气渗透air leakage0 1.1512毛细多孔体capillary porous body0 1.1513空气间层air space0 1.1514保温thermal insulation0 1.1515最小热阻minimum therma

144、l resistance0 1.1516经济热阻economic thermal resistance0 1.1517附加热阻additional thermal resistance0 1.1518允许温差 allowable temperature difference0 1.1519室外计算温度outdoor calculate temperature0 1.1520室内计算温度indoor calculate temperature0 1.1521温差修正系数modified temperature difference factor0 1.1522内表面换热系数heat exchan

145、ge coefficient of interi-or surface0 1.1523内表面换热阻heat exchange resistance of interior surface0 1.1524材料计算蓄热系数calculate heat accumulation coeffi-cient0 1.1525传热系数thermal transmittance0 1.1526表面温度surface temperature0 1.1527热桥thermal bridge, cold bridge又称“冷桥”。0 1.1528建筑隔热thermal isolation0 1.1529太阳空气温度

146、solar-air temperature0 1.1530太阳辐射吸收系数solar radiation absorbility factor0 1.1531植被隔热thermal isolation by vegetation0 1.1532蓄水隔热thermal isolfition by water storage0 1.1533谐波分析harmonic analysis0 1.1534热反应系数thermal response factor0 1.1535饱和水蒸气压力saturation vapor pressure0 1.1536饱和空气温度saturation air tempe

147、rature0 1.1537比湿specific humidity0 1.1538防渗墙impervious wall0 1.1539受潮机理wetting mechanism0 1.1540冷凝控制condensation control0 1.1541毛细管冷凝作用capillary condensation0 1.1542毛细管吸水作用capillary absorption0 1.1543雨水渗透rain penetration0 1.1544蒸发量evaporation, capacity0 1.1545穿越通风cross ventilation0 1.1546室内气流indoor

148、air flow0 1.1547通风率ventilation rate0 1.1548热舒适通风thermal comfort ventilation0 1.1549通风降温cooling by ventilation0 1.1550气流动力系数dynamic air flow factor0 1.1551换气次数air change rate0 1.1552开口比opening rate0 1.1553自然能源natural energy resource0 1.1554能源消耗energy consumption0 1.1555低能耗建筑low-energy building0 1.155

149、6建筑内部得热inner heat gain0 1.1557自由热free heat0 1.1558有效传热系数effective thermal transmittance0 1.1559平均传热系数mean thermal transmittance0 1.1560建筑物体型系数shape factor0 1.1561允许热损失permitted heat loss0 1.1562热流计heat flowmeter0 1.1563保护平板法guarded plate method0 1.1564平面热源测定法plane heat-source method0 1.1565热脉冲测定法hea

150、t impulsive method0 1.1566保护热箱法guarded hot box method0 1.1567电热模拟electricity-heat analogy0 1.1568水力模拟hydraulic analogy0 1.1569鼓风门测定仪blower door equipment0 1.1570示踪气体测定仪tracer gas instrument0 1.1571热工摄像术thermography01.4.4 建筑气候学0 1.1572人类生物气象学human biometeorology0 1.1573建筑气候区划climatological zoning for

151、 buildings0 1.1574干热气候dry hot climate0 1.1575湿热气候wet hot climate0 1.1576地方性气候local climate0 1.1577温室效应greenhouse effect0 1.1578海洋性气候ocean climate, marine climate0 1.1579大陆性气候continental climate0 1.1580山地气候mountain climate0 1.1581寒带气候 frigid climate0 1.1582温带气候temperate climate0 1.1583热带气候tropical cl

152、imate0 1.1584副热带气候subtropical climate0 1.1585气温年较差annual temperature range0 1.1586气温日较差daily temperature range0 1.1587冻土frozen soil, frozen ground0 1.1588永冻土permafrozen ground, permafrost0 1.1589季节性冻土seasonal frozen ground0 1.1590岛状冻土segregated frozen ground0 1.1591度日degree-day0 1.1592冰雹hail0 1.1593

153、沙暴sandstorm0 1.1594雷暴thunderstorm0 1.1595梅雨plum rain0 1.1596季风 monsoon0 1.1597直接辐射 direct radiation0 1.1598散射辐射 diffusive radiation0 1.1599太阳常数 solar constant0 1.1600太阳辐照度 solar irradiance0 1.1601大气透明度 atmosphere transparency0 1.1602室内气候 indoor climate0 1.1603室内热环境 indoor thermal environment0 1.1604

154、热舒适指标 thermal comfort index0 1.1605有效温度 effective temperature, ET0 1.1606预测平均热感觉predictive mean vote, PMV0 1.1607预测不满意百分率predicted percentage dissatisfied,PPD0 1.1608标准有效温度standard effective temperature,SET0 1.1609热应力指标heat stress index0 1.1610人体热感觉human thermal sensation0 1.1611排汗冷却效率cooling effici

155、ency of sweating0 1.1612建筑生物气候图building bioelimate chart0 1.1613环境热负荷environmental heat load01.4.5 太阳能技术0 1.1614再生能源enewable energy resource0 1.1615主动式太阳房active solar house0 1.1616被动式太阳房passive solar house0 1.1617混合式太阳房hybrid solar house0 1.1618太阳能集热器solar energy collector0 1.1619直接受益direct gain0 1.

156、1620对流环路convective loop0 1.1621蓄热墙thermal storage wall0 1.1622蓄热屋顶thermal storage roof0 1.1623附加阳光间attached sunspace0 1.1624特隆布墙Trombe wall0 1.1625地下贮热underground heat storage0 1.1626地热能源geothermal energy0 1.1627太阳集热器效率collector efficiency0 1.1628聚光式太阳能集热器concentrating solar collector0 1.1629太阳能干燥so

157、lar energy drying01.5 建筑构造0 1.1630屋顶roof0 1.1631坡屋顶pitched roof0 1.1632平屋顶flat roof0 1.1633锯齿屋顶sawtooth roof0 1.1634拱顶vault roof0 1.1635双曲拱顶double-curved vault roof0 1.1636穹顶dome0 1.1637悬索屋顶 suspended cable roof0 1.1638壳顶 shell roof0 1.1639圆柱形壳顶 cylindrical shell roof0 1.1640椭圆形壳顶 ellipsoidal shell

158、roof0 1.1641双曲抛物面壳顶hyperbolic paraboloidal roof0 1.1642椭圆抛物面壳顶elliptical paraboloidal roof0 1.1643球形屋顶 spherical roof0 1.1644瓦楞屋顶 corrugated roof0 1.1645折板屋顶 folded plate roof0 1.1646屋面 roofing0 1.1647瓦屋面 tiled roof0 1.1648挂瓦条 batten0 1.1649顺水条 counter batten0 1.1650望板 roofing board, sheathing0 1.16

159、51干铺油毡 felt carpet0 1.1652屋脊 ridge0 1.1653椽 rafter0 1.1654檩条 purlin0 1.1655斜面梁 hip rafter0 1.1656闷顶 loft0 1.1657阁楼 attic0 1.1658侧天窗 clerestory0 1.1659老虎窗 dormer0 1.1660屋檐 eave0 1.1661封檐板 fascia board0 1.1662檐沟 gutter0 1.1663天沟 valley0 1.1664水落斗 leader head0 1.1665水落管 leader pipe0 1.1666山墙 gable wall

160、0 1.1667烟囱 chimney, stock0 1.1668屋面上人孔 roof hatch0 1.1669爬梯 ladder0 1.1670干屋面 flat roof deck0 1.1671架空通风屋面 ventilated roof0 1.1672蓄水屋面 water-podding roof0 1.1673种植屋面 planted roof0 1.1674刚性防水屋面 ingle-ply roofing, monolithic roofing0 1.1675柔性防水屋面 built-up roofing0 1.1676保护层 topping, protective course0

161、 1.1677找平层 leveling layer, dressing course0 1.1678防水层 waterproofing course0 1.1679保温层 insulation layer0 1.1680隔热层 isolation layer0 1.1681隔汽层 vapour barrier, retarder0 1.1682结构层 deck, substrate0 1.1683压顶板 coping0 1.1684泛水 flashing0 1.1685女儿墙 parapet0 1.1686伸缩缝 shrinkage joint, expansion joint0 1.1687

162、沉降缝 settlement joint0 1.1688变形缝 deformation joint0 1.1689嵌缝膏 sealant0 1.1690风向针 vane0 1.1691墙 wall0 1.1692外墙 external wall0 1.1693承重墙 bearing wall0 1.1694非承重墙 non-bearing wall0 1.1695幕墙 curtain wall0 1.1696漏花墙 screen wall0 1.1697砌筑墙 masonry wall0 1.1698实体墙 solid masonry wall0 1.1699空斗墙 cavity wall0

163、1.1700复合墙 composite wall0 1.1701墙板 wall panel 0 1.1702外墙板facade panel0 1.1703砌式bond0 1.1704皮 leaf, wythe0 1.1705灰缝 mortar joint0 1.1706顺面 stretcher0 1.1707丁面 header0 1.1708大面 shiner0 1.1709一顺一丁砌式 cross bond, Flemish bond0 1.1710丁顺隔皮砌式English bond0 1.1711勾缝pointing0 1.1712防潮层damp proofing course0 1.1

164、713勒脚plinth0 1.1714散水apron0 1.1715出水孔weep hole0 1.1716线脚molding0 1.1717窗台window sill0 1.1718过梁lintel0 1.1719圈梁belt course, ring beam0 1.1720凸砖层string course0 1.1721凸角quoin, arris俗称“牛腿”。0 1.1722托座 bracket0 1.1723墙墩pier0 1.1724壁炉fire place0 1.1725壁柱pilaster0 1.1726通风道ventilation stack0 1.1727排烟道smoke

165、vent0 1.1728毛石墙rubble masonry0 1.1729乱石墙random rubble masonry0 1.1730整石墙 ashlar masonry0 1.1731土坯墙adobe wall0 1.1732夯土墙rammed earth wall0 1.1733内墙interior wall0 1.1734隔断partition0 1.1735移动式隔断movable partition0 1.1736可拆式隔断demountable partition0 1.1737干式墙drywall0 1.1738龙骨framing0 1.1739立筋stud又称“板墙筋”。0

166、 1.1740横槛runner0 1.1741护角corner guard0 1.1742板筋lath又称“板条”。0 1.1743墙裙dado0 1.1744踢脚skirt0 1.1745窗帘盒curtain box, pelmet box0 1.1746挂镜线 picture molding0 1.1747楼地面flooring0 1.1748地坪floor-on-grade0 1.1749室外地坪grade0 1.1750面层 floor finish, surface finish0 1.1751垫层bedding course0 1.1752地基base0 1.1753结合层sett

167、ing course0 1.1754隔声层soundproof course0 1.1755管道敷设层piping course0 1.1756整体面层monolithic floor surface0 1.1757素土地面earth surface0 1.1758灰土地面lime earth surface0 1.1759水泥砂浆地面cement mortar surface0 1.1760混凝土地面concrete surface0 1.1761水磨石地面terrazzo surface0 1.1762块料面层bonded floor surface0 1.1763地砖面层tile pav

168、ed surface0 1.1764锦砖面层mosaic tile surface0 1.1765大理石面层marble surface0 1.1766花岗石面层granite surface0 1.1767沥青混凝土地面asphalt concrete surface0 1.1768油地毡地面linoleum surface0 1.1769木条地板strip wooden flooring0 1.1770拼花硬木地板checker parquet flooring0 1.1771席纹硬木地板herringbone parquet flooring0 1.1772木砖地面block wood

169、flooring0 1.1773拼缝wood joints0 1.1774企口接tongue and groove joint0 1.1775榫接tenon and mortise joint0 1.1776平口接batt joint0 1.1777销板spline joint0 1.1778截口shiplap joint0 1.1779木搁栅wood joist0 1.1780地垄墙sleeper wall0 1.1781不发火地面non-sparking floor0 1.1782耐油地面oil-protecting floor0 1.1783防滑地面slip-resistant floo

170、r0 1.1784耐酸地面acid-resistant floor0 1.1785浮筑地板floating floor0 1.1786弹簧地板spring floor0 1.1787门door0 1.1788平开门vertical hinged door0 1.1789单扇门single door0 1.1790双扇门double door0 1.1791内开门inward-opening door0 1.1792外开门outward-opening door0 1.1793弹簧门swinging door0 1.1794推拉门sliding door0 1.1795铁栅推拉门grilled

171、sliding door0 1.1796折叠门 folding door0 1.1797侧挂折叠门side-hung folding door, foldaway door0 1.1798中悬折叠门middle-guide folding door,centafold door0 1.1799手风琴式折叠门concertina folding door0 1.1800转门revolving door0 1.1801三扇式转门three-wing revolving door0 1.1802四扇式转门four-wing revolving door0 1.1803卷帘门roller shutte

172、r door0 1.1804上翻门tilt-up door, trap door0 1.1805偏心门dj-axis door0 1.1806自动门automatic door0 1.1807超声波控制自动门supersonic-controlled automatic door0 1.1808电磁场控制自动门electromagnetic-controlled auto-matic door0 1.1809光电管控制自动门photocell-controlled automatic door0 1.1810接触板控制自动门touchplate-controlled automatic doo

173、r0 1.1811防盗门security door0 1.1812隔声门soundproof door0 1.1813保温门thermal insulation door0 1.1814屏蔽门shield door0 1.1815电磁波屏蔽门electromagnetic wave shield door0 1.1816微波屏蔽门microwave shield door0 1.1817X光防护门X-ray shield door0 1.1818防爆装甲门explosion-proof armoured door0 1.1819木门wood door0 1.1820拼板门match board

174、 door0 1.1821镶板门panelled door0 1.1822胶合板门plywood door0 1.1823玻璃门plate glass door0 1.1824通风栅门grilled ventilation door0 1.1825纱门screen door0 1.1826金属门metal door0 1.1827门洞口door opening0 1.1828门框door frame0 1.1829上框upper ledge0 1.1830中横框transom0 1.1831中竖框mullion0 1.1832边框jamb0 1.1833门扇door leaf0 1.1834上

175、冒头upper rail0 1.1835中冒头middle rail0 1.1836下冒头bottom rail0 1.1837边挺stile0 1.1838亮子door glazing, fanlight0 1.1839贴脸板reveal, trim0 1.1840门槛door sill, threshold0 1.1841门档door stop0 1.1842导轨guide rail0 1.1843滑轮roller0 1.1844窗window0 1.1845平开窗casement window, side-hung win-dow0 1.1846外开窗outward-opening wi

176、ndow0 1.1847内开窗inward-opening window0 1.1848纱窗screen window0 1.1849上悬窗top-hinged window0 1.1850下悬窗bottom-hinged window0 1.1851中悬窗horizontally-pivoted window 0 1.1852立转窗vertically-pivoted window0 1.1853水平推拉窗horizontal sliding window0 1.1854滑轴窗projected window0 1.1855斜转窗tilt and turn window0 1.1856折叠窗

177、folding window0 1.1857卷帘窗roller shutter window 0 1.1858固定窗fixed casement window0 1.1859落地窗French window0 1.1860凸窗bay window0 1.1861盲窗false window0 1.1862百页窗louvre0 1.1863活动百页窗 Venetian blinds0 1.1864固定百页窗jalousie window0 1.1865花格窗lattice window0 1.1866天窗skylight0 1.1867采光板plane skylight0 1.1868采光罩do

178、me skylight0 1.1869采光带ribbon skylight0 1.1870下沉式天窗 sunk skylight0 1.1871密封窗sealed window0 1.1872传递窗delivery window0 1.1873双层平开窗double window0 1.1874双玻璃窗double-glazed window0 1.1875开窗器window opener0 1.1876擦窗机window-cleaning equipment0 1.1877窗框window frame0 1.1878窗扇sash0 1.1879密封条weather strip0 1.1880

179、楼梯staircase0 1.1881室内楼梯indoor staircase0 1.1882室外楼梯outdoor staircase0 1.1883开敞楼梯open staircase0 1.1884封闭楼梯间enclosed stairwell0 1.1885防烟楼梯间smoke-prevention stairwell0 1.1886梯段flight0 1.1887直跑楼梯straight flight stairs0 1.1888两跑楼梯parallel stairs, two-flight stairs0 1.1889三跑楼梯three-flight stairs0 1.1890曲

180、尺楼梯angle stairs0 1.1891双分楼梯bifurcated staircase, grand staircase0 1.1892剪刀式楼梯scissor stairs0 1.1893弧形楼梯curved stairs, winding stairs0 1.1894圆楼梯circular stairs0 1.1895螺旋楼梯spiral stairs0 1.1896直爬梯catladder0 1.1897坡道ramp0 1.1898运输滑道slideway0 1.1899板式楼梯slab-type stairway0 1.1900梁式楼梯stringer-type stairwa

181、y0 1.1901悬挑楼梯cantilevered stairway0 1.1902悬挂楼梯hanging stair0 1.1903楼梯平台landing0 1.1904踏步step又称“踏级”0 1.1905踏板step tread0 1.1906立板riser0 1.1907踏步边nosing0 1.1908防滑条reeding0 1.1909斜梁ramp beam, ramp carriage0 1.1910平台梁landing beam0 1.1911墙梁wall stringer0 1.1912栏杆baluster0 1.1913栏板balustrade0 1.1914扶手hand

182、rail0 1.1915中柱newel post0 1.1916平行式自动扶梯parallel escalators0 1.1917剪刀式自动扶梯crisscross escalators0 1.1918挡板riser pallet0 1.1919梳齿板comb plate0 1.1920装饰盖板deckboard0 1.1921扶手橡胶带handrail conveyor0 1.1922上部驱动装置upper drive mechanism0 1.1923下部拉紧装置lower tension carriage0 1.1924驱动链chain drive0 1.1925电梯elevator,

183、 lift又称“升降机”。0 1.1926乘客自控电梯passenger controlled elevator0 1.1927观光电梯observation elevator, panorama lift0 1.1928服务电梯service elevator0 1.1929病床电梯hospital elevator0 1.1930消防电梯fire lift, emergency elevator0 1.1931电机驱动电梯electric elevator0 1.1932油压驱动电梯hydraulic elevator0 1.1933轿厢car0 1.1934井道hoistway, lif

184、t well0 1.1935底坑pit0 1.1936对重 counterweight又称“平衡重”。0 1.1937缓冲器buffer0 1.1938机房machine room0 1.1939机动坡道powered ramp0 1.1940吊顶suspended ceiling0 1.1941板条抹灰吊顶lath and plaster ceiling0 1.1942钢板网抹灰吊顶expanded metal and plaster ceiling0 1.1943板材吊顶panel ceiling0 1.1944栅顶grid ceiling0 1.1945吸音吊顶acoustic ceil

185、ing0 1.1946通气孔air drain0 1.1947扬声气孔loudspeaker hole0 1.1948检修孔inspection hole0 1.1949吊杆hanger wire, hanger rod0 1.1950吊顶龙骨channel0 1.1951喷浆吊顶shotcrete ceiling0 1.1952墙面抹灰wall plastering0 1.1953底层抹灰scratch coat, base coat0 1.1954面层抹灰finish coat, surface coat0 1.1955木抹搓平wood floated0 1.1956钢抹压光steel t

186、roweled0 1.1957拉毛stucco, texturing0 1.1958刷白whitewashing0 1.1959木条墙面wood lath facing0 1.1960胶合板墙面plywood facing0 1.1961水刷石墙面granitic stucco coating0 1.1962斩假石墙面artificial stone coating0 1.1963大理石墙面marble coating0 1.1964花岗石墙面granite coating0 1.1965吸顶灯coffered light panel0 1.1966筒灯flush light panel0 1

187、.1967壁灯wall mounted luminaire0 1.1968吊灯pendant luminaire0 1.1969升降式吊灯rise-and-fall luminaire0 1.1970格片diffuser0 1.1971壁龛wall niche0 1.1972室外工程exterior components0 1.1973雨蓬canopy0 1.1974灯柱lamppost0 1.1975旗杆flagpole0 1.1976标语牌sign post0 1.1977招牌sign board又称“广告牌“。0 1.1978布告窗announcement window0 1.1979邮

188、箱mail box, letter drop-off又称“信箱”。0 1.1980垃圾道refuse chute0 1.1981垃圾门chute door0 1.1982垃圾斗refuse hopper0 1.1983垃圾桶refuse container, litter bin01.6 中国古代建筑及构造0 1.1984宫palace, temple 0 1.1985殿hall0 1.1986厅hall又称“堂”。0 1.1987室room0 1.1988房house0 1.1989亭pavilion0 1.1990台platform0 1.1991坛altar0 1.1992楼storie

189、d building0 1.1993阁pavilion0 1.1994廊colonnade0 1.1995榭pavilion on terrace0 1.1996水榭waterside pavilion0 1.1997轩windowed veranda0 1.1998民居folk house0 1.1999四合院courtyard house0 1.2000寨stockaded village0 1.2001舫boat house0 1.2002阙que, watchtower0 1.2003牌楼pailou, decorated gateway0 1.2004华表huabiao, ornam

190、ental pillar0 1.2005塔pagoda0 1.2006硬山flush gable roof0 1.2007悬山overhanging gable roof0 1.2008歇山gable and hip roof0 1.2009庑殿hip roof0 1.2010四阿hip roof唐代术语0 1.2011卷棚round ridge roof0 1.2012重檐double eave roof0 1.2013攒尖pyramidal roof0 1.2014圆攒尖round pavilion roof0 1.2015大木wooden structure0 1.2016大式woode

191、n frame with dougong0 1.2017小式wooden frame without dougong0 1.2018大木作carpentry work0 1.2019小木作joinery work0 1.2020抬梁式构架post and lintel construction0 1.2021穿斗式构架column and tie construction0 1.2022井干式构架log cabin construction0 1.2023檐柱eave column0 1.2024金柱hypostyle column0 1.2025内槽柱hypostyle column唐代术语

192、0 1.2026内柱hypostyle column宋代术语0 1.2027山柱center column0 1.2028角柱corner column唐，宋术语0 1.2029瓜柱short column0 1.2030脊瓜柱king post0 1.2031蜀柱king post宋代术语0 1.2032雷公柱suspended column0 1.2033枨杆suspended column宋代术语。0 1.2034侧脚cejiao宋代术语。0 1.2035卷杀entasis0 1.2036梭柱shuttle-shaped column宋代术语。0 1.2037角背bracket0 1.2

193、038由戗inverted V-shaped brace0 1.2039叉手chashou, inverted V-shaped brace宋代术语。0 1.2040柁墩wooden pier0 1.2041驼峰tuofeng, camel-hump shaped support宋代术语。0 1.2042梁beam0 1.2043袱beam宋代术语。0 1.2044月梁crescent beam0 1.2045三架梁3-purlin beam0 1.2046平梁3-purlin beam宋代术语。0 1.2047四架梁4-purlin beam0 1.2048五架梁5-purlin beam0

194、 1.2049四掾袱5-purlin beam宋代术语。0 1.2050六架梁6-purlin beam0 1.2051七架梁7-purlin beam0 1.2052六掾袱7-purlin beam宋代术语。0 1.2053九架梁9-purlin beam0 1.2054八掾袱9-purlin beam宋代术语。0 1.2055单步梁one-step cross beam0 1.2056双步梁two-step cross beam0 1.2057挑尖梁main aisle exposed tieheam0 1.2058乳袱rufu, beam tie宋代术语。0 1.2059抱头梁baoto

195、u beam0 1.2060穿插枋penetrating tie0 1.2061角梁hip rafter0 1.2062桁purlin (used with dougong)大式。0 1.2063檩purlin (used without dougong)小式。0 1.2064樽purlin宋代术语。0 1.2065脊桁 ridged purlin大式。0 1.2066脊檩ridged purlin小式。0 1.2067脊槽ridged purlin宋代术语。0 1.2068金桁intermediate purlin大式。0 1.2069金檩ntermediate purlin小式。0 1.2

196、070上中平搏intermediate purlin宋代术语。0 1.2071老檐桁purlin on hypostyle大、小式，宋代术语。0 1.2072正心桁eave purlin大式。0 1.2073檐檩eave purlin小式。0 1.2074下平搏eave purlin宋代术语。0 1.2075额枋architrave (used with dougong)大式。0 1.2076檐枋architrave (used without dougong)小式。 0 1.2077阑额architrave宋代术语。0 1.2078由额垫板cushion board大式。0 1.2079檐垫

197、板cushion board小式。0 1.2080枋tiebeam0 1.2081脊枋ridge tiebeam0 1.2082上金枋 upper purlin tiebeam0 1.2083下金枋lower purlin tiebeam0 1.2084老檐枋eave tiebeam大式，指檐口构造。0 1.2085檐枋eave tiebeam小式，指檐口构造。0 1.2086顶椽top rafter0 1.2087脑椽upper rafter0 1.2088花架椽 intermediate rafter0 1.2089檐椽eave rafter0 1.2090飞檐椽flying rafter

198、0 1.2091飞子flying rafter宋代术语。0 1.2092连檐eave edging0 1.2093瓦口tile edging0 1.2094颔版tile edging宋代术语。0 1.2095举架raising the purlin0 1.2096举析raising the purlin宋代术语。0 1.2097步架horizontal spacing between purlins0 1.2098材cai0 1.2099槊qi0 1.2100分fen0 1.2101斗口doukou, mortise of cap block0 1.2102斗拱dougong, bracket

199、 set0 1.2103斗dou, bracket block0 1.2104升block with cross mortise0 1.2105大斗cap block0 1.2106栌斗cap block宋代术语。0 1.2107拱gong, bracketarm0 1.2108翘flower arm, petal0 1.2109华拱flower arm宋代术语。0 1.2110昂ang, lever0 1.2111槽升子center block0 1.2112齐心斗center block宋代术语。0 1.2113三才升small block0 1.2114散斗small block宋代术语

200、。0 1.2115十八斗connection block0 1.2116交互斗connection block宋代术语。0 1.2117正心拱axial bracket arm0 1.2118泥道拱axial bracket arm宋代术语。0 1.2119瓜拱oval arm0 1.2120瓜子拱oval arm宋代术语。0 1.2121万拱long arm0 1.2122慢拱long arm宋代术语。0 1.2123厢拱regular arm0 1.2124令拱regular arm宋代术语。0 1.2125单材拱outer-side bracket arm0 1.2126撑头small

201、tie-beam0 1.2127榇枋snall tie-beam宋代术语。0 1.2128耍头nose0 1.2129攒set of bracket0 1.2130柱头科bracket set on column0 1.2131柱头铺作bracket set on column宋代术语。0 1.2132平身科bracket sets between columns0 1.2133补间铺作bracket sets between columns宋代术语。0 1.2134角科bracket set on corner0 1.2135转角铺作bracket set on corner宋代术语。0 1

202、.2136出硒extension of bracket0 1.2137出跳extension of bracket宋代术语。0 1.2138舾cai0 1.2139跳 tiao 宋代术语。0 1.2140雀替sparrow brace0 1.2141搏缝板gable eave board0 1.2142搏缝版gable eave board宋代术语。0 1.2143木装修joiners work0 1.2144外檐装修exterior finish work0 1.2145内檐装修interior finish work0 1.2146框槛door frame0 1.2147槛 stud0 1

203、.2148抱框jamb on door or window0 1.2149格扇partition door0 1.2150抹头window stool0 1.2151棂子grill0 1.2152裙板panel0 1.2153槛窗sill wall window0 1.2154榻板window sill0 1.2155支摘窗removable window0 1.2156门枕door bearing0 1.2157门簪decorative cylinder0 1.2158门跋door knocker0 1.2159门钉decorative nails on door leaf0 1.2160门

204、枕石bearing stone0 1.2161抱鼓石drum-shaped bearing stone0 1.2162天花ceiling0 1.2163帽儿梁lattice framing0 1.2164支条lattice framing0 1.2165井口天花compartment ceiling0 1.2166海墁天花flat ceiling0 1.2167藻井caisson ceiling0 1.2168罩shelf0 1.2169龛niche0 1.2170博古架antique shelf0 1.2171瓦石作masonry0 1.2172檐墙cave wall0 1.2173廊墙pa

205、rtition wall0 1.2174扇面墙horizontal partition wall0 1.2175隔断墙vertical partition wall0 1.2176槛墙sill wall0 1.2177樨头gable wall head0 1.2178挑檐石cantilever stone on eave0 1.2179五花山墙stepped gable wall0 1.2180拔磉corbel, hanging over0 1.2181叠涩corbel, hanging over宋代术语。0 1.2182角柱石corner pier0 1.2183阶条石rectangular

206、 stone slab0 1.2184压阑石rectangular stone slab宋代术语。0 1.2185台阶steps0 1.2186踏道steps宋代术语。0 1.2187踏垛step0 1.2188踏step宋代术语。0 1.2189斗板石intermediate pier0 1.2190垂带drooping belt stone0 1.2191副子drooping belt stone宋代术语。0 1.2192象眼triangular space0 1.2193御路yulu, imperial path0 1.2194羌察ramp0 1.2195须弥座xumizuo0 1.21

207、96圭角guijiao0 1.2197上枋upper fillet and fascia0 1.2198下枋lower fillet and fascia0 1.2199上袅upper cyma, recta0 1.2200下袅lower cyma, reversa0 1.2201束腰suyao0 1.2202钩栏balustrade宋代术语。0 1.2203单钩栏single frieze balustrade宋代术语。0 1.2204垂台钩栏double frieze balustrade0 1.2205望柱baluster0 1.2206望柱头baluster capital0 1.22

208、07栏版frieze panel0 1.2208华版frieze panel0 1.2209地伏plinth stone0 1.2210寻杖handrail宋代术语。0 1.2211柱顶石capital stone0 1.2212柱础column base0 1.2213zhi0 1.2214碑碣stone tablet0 1.2215bixi, stone turtle宋及宋前术语。0 1.2216趺fu, stone turtle清代术语。0 1.2217石象生stone animal0 1.2218石人stone human statue0 1.2219筒瓦round tile0 1.2

209、220板瓦flat tile0 1.2221青瓦black tile0 1.2222脊瓦ridge tile0 1.2223琉璃瓦glazed roof tile0 1.2224勾头eave tile0 1.2225滴水drip tile0 1.2226瓦当tile end, eave tile with pattern0 1.2227正吻zhengwen0 1.2228鸱尾chiwei宋及宋前术语。0 1.2229正脊 main ridge0 1.2230垂脊diagonal ridge for hip roof, vertical ridge for gableroof0 1.2231戗脊

210、diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof0 1.2232博脊horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof0 1.2233仙人celestial being0 1.2234走兽animal0 1.2235砖雕brick carving0 1.2236彩画colored pattern, colored drawing0 1.2237苏式彩画Suzhou style pattern0 1.2238旋子彩画tangent circle pattern0 1.2239和玺彩画dragons pattern0 1.2240天花彩画cei

211、ling pattern0 1.2241箍头end portion of painted beam0 1.2242藻头intermediate portion of painted beam0 1.2243枋心central portion of painted beam0 1.2244点金gold pointing0 1.2245退晕color change0 1.2246沥粉embossed painting0 1.2247贴金gold foil painting01.7 外国古代建筑构造0 1.2248金字塔 pyramid0 1.2249方尖碑 obelisk0 1.2250牌楼门 p

212、ylon0 1.2251莲花式柱 lotus column0 1.2252纸草花式柱 papyrus column0 1.2253棕榈叶式柱 palm column0 1.2254塔庙 ziggurat0 1.2255列柱围廊式 peristyle0 1.2256山花 pediment0 1.2257多立克柱式Doric order0 1.2258伊奥尼亚柱式Ionic order曾用名“爱奥尼亚柱式”。0 1.2259科林斯柱式Corinthian order0 1.2260檐口cornice0 1.2261檐部entablature0 1.2262檐壁frieze0 1.2263额枋arc

213、hitrave0 1.2264柱头capital0 1.2265柱身column shaft0 1.2266槽沟flute0 1.2267圆底线脚torus0 1.2268柱基plinth0 1.2269台基stylobate0 1.2270输水道aqueduct0 1.2271万神庙pantheon0 1.2272凯旋门triumphal arch0 1.2273角斗场colosseum0 1.2274广场forum0 1.2275托斯卡柱式Tuscan order0 1.2276门廊porch, portico0 1.2277小穹顶 cupola0 1.2278平嵌线reglet0 1.2

214、279主穹顶main dome0 1.2280半穹顶semi dome0 1.2281帆拱pendentive0 1.2282会堂basilica0 1.2283中厅central nave0 1.2284侧廊aisle0 1.2285半圆形壁龛apse0 1.2286袖廊transept0 1.2287柱廊colonnade0 1.2288神坛altar0 1.2289拱廊arcade0 1.2290壁上拱廊blind arcade0 1.2291塔楼turret0 1.2292玫瑰窗rose window0 1.2293扶壁buttress0 1.2294尖顶pinnacle0 1.229

215、5滴水兽gargoyle0 1.2296顶端饰finial0 1.2297花色窗棂tracery0 1.2298四叶饰quatrefoil0 1.2299五叶饰cinquefoil0 1.2300府邸mansion, palazzo0 1.2301鼓座drum0 1.2302采光塔lantern0 1.2303小侧窗bulleye window0 1.2304涡卷装饰cartouche0 1.2305宣礼塔minaret俗称“邦克楼”。0 1.2306圣龛mihrab, prayer niche0 1.2307讲坛mimbar, pulpit0 1.2308拱式Vault type0 1.23

216、09筒拱barrel vault0 1.2310棱拱groin vault0 1.2311肋骨拱rib bed vault0 1.2312星形拱stellar vault0 1.2313网状拱reticulated vault0 1.2314扇形拱fan vault0 1.2315倒槽式拱trough vault0 1.2316钟乳拱stalactite vault0 1.2317券式arch type0 1.2318半圆券semicircular arch0 1.2319尖券pointed arch0 1.2320弧形券segmental arch0 1.2321葱花券 ogee arch0

217、 1.2322马蹄券horseshoe arch0 1.2323交角券squinch0 1.2324穹式dome type0 1.2325半球形穹顶semispherical dome0 1.2326葱花穹顶ogee dome0 1.2327方穹顶square dome0 1.2328阿拉伯花饰arabesque0 1.2329阿拉伯式柱头Arabian capital01.8 建筑材料与制品0 1.2330有机材料organic material0 1.2331高分子材料polymers0 1.2332无机材料inorganic material0 1.2333金属材料metals0 1.2

218、334非金属材料nonmetals0 1.2335单一材料homogenous material0 1.2336连续相材料continuous state material0 1.2337结晶材料crystalline material0 1.2338分散相材料discrete state material0 1.2339纤维材料fibrous material0 1.2340颗粒材料granular material0 1.2341片状材料flaky material0 1.2342复合材料composite material0 1.2343混合材料mixed material0 1.234

219、4纤维增强材料fiber-reinforced material0 1.2345层压材料laminate material0 1.2346织物材料textile material0 1.2347天然材料natural material0 1.2348人工制品artificial product0 1.2349烧成制品burnt product0 1.2350化学制品chemical product0 1.2351压型制品pressed product0 1.2352挤出制品extruded product0 1.2353喷射制品jet-formed product0 1.2354切削制品cut

220、 product0 1.2355铸造制品cast product0 1.2356建筑石材building stone0 1.2357石材制品stone product0 1.2358卵石pebble0 1.2359毛石rubble0 1.2360方石ashlar0 1.2361条石block stone又称“块石”。0 1.2362花岗石板granite plate0 1.2363蛇纹石板serpentine plate0 1.2364浮石pumice0 1.2365蛭石vermiculite0 1.2366珍珠岩perlite0 1.2367沸石zeolite0 1.2368岩棉rockwo

221、ol0 1.2369矿棉mineral wool0 1.2370凝灰石travertine0 1.2371大理石marble0 1.2372汉白玉white marble0 1.2373板岩slate0 1.2374水磨石terrazzo0 1.2375铸石cast stone0 1.2376粘土质材料clay product0 1.2377砖brick0 1.2378实心砖solid brick0 1.2379空心砖hollow brick0 1.2380多孔砖perforated brick0 1.2381粘土砖clay brick0 1.2382红砖red brick0 1.2383青砖

222、grey brick, blue brick0 1.2384灰砂砖sandlime brick0 1.2385炉渣砖cinder brick0 1.2386矿渣砖slag brick0 1.2387粉煤灰砖fly ash brick0 1.2388耐酸砖acid-resisting brick0 1.2389耐火砖fire brick0 1.2390烧结砖clinker brick0 1.2391砌块building block0 1.2392瓦tile0 1.2393面砖 facing tile0 1.2394釉面砖glazed tile0 1.2395陶土制品terra cotta0 1.

223、2396粘土瓦clay tile0 1.2397波形瓦pan tile, corrugated tile0 1.2398底瓦concave tile0 1.2399盖瓦convex tile0 1.2400地面砖floor tile0 1.2401木瓦shingle tile0 1.2402结构钢材structural steel0 1.2403金属制品metal product0 1.2404水泥cement0 1.2405集料aggregate又称“骨料”。0 1.2406砂浆mortar0 1.2407混凝土concrete0 1.2408木材wood, timber0 1.2409木质

224、制品timber product0 1.2410涂料coating material0 1.2411外墙涂料exterior wall coating material0 1.2412内墙涂料interior wall coating material0 1.2413薄质涂料thin coating0 1.2414多层涂料layered coating0 1.2415水泥系涂料cement family coating material0 1.2416合成树脂乳液系涂料synthetic resin emulsion-type coat-ing material0 1.2417合成树脂溶液系涂

225、料synthetic resin solution-type coat-ing material0 1.2418喷涂spray coating0 1.2419滚涂roll coating0 1.2420抹涂brush coatmg0 1.2421油漆 paint0 1.2422瓷漆enamel paint0 1.2423乳胶漆emulsion paint0 1.2424清漆varnish0 1.2425厚漆paste paint0 1.2426沥青漆asphalt paint0 1.2427调和漆tempered paint0 1.2428烘漆baked finish0 1.2429虫胶she

226、llac0 1.2430中国漆Chinese lacquer又称“生漆”。0 1.2431桐铀tung oil0 1.2432可赛银粉calcimine0 1.2433防锈漆antirust paint0 1.2434绝缘漆insulated paint0 1.2435红丹漆red lead paint0 1.2436油灰putty0 1.2437打底prime coat0 1.2438覆面装饰材料decorating cladding material0 1.2439胶合板plywood0 1.2440纤维板fiberwood, fiberboard0 1.2441木屑板sawdust bo

227、ard0 1.2442颗粒板particle board0 1.2443刨花板shaving board0 1.2444木丝板woodwool board0 1.2445塑料贴面板plastic veneer0 1.2446石膏板gypsum board0 1.2447壁纸wall paper0 1.2448壁毯tapestry0 1.2449防水材料waterproofing material0 1.2450石油沥青asphalt0 1.2451地沥青bitumen0 1.2452焦油沥青coal tar pitch0 1.2453改性沥青modified bitumen0 1.2454油毡

228、felt0 1.2455油纸oil paper0 1.2456层ply 0 1.2457玛蹄脂mastic0 1.2458防水砂浆waterproofing mortar0 1.2459防水薄膜waterproofing membrane0 1.2460热固性树脂薄膜thermosetting resin membrane0 1.2461热塑性树脂薄thermoplastic resin membrane0 1.2462胶粘剂 adhesive又称“粘合剂”。0 1.2463沥青系胶粘剂 asphaltic adhesive0 1.2464环氧树脂系胶粘剂 epoxy resin adhesi

229、ve.0 1.2465聚醋酸乙烯胶粘剂 polyvinyl acetate adhesive0 1.2466合成橡胶系胶粘剂 synthetic gum adhesive0 1.2467建筑玻璃 building glass0 1.2468玻璃制品 glass product0 1.2469平板玻璃 sheet glass0 1.2470窗玻璃 window glass0 1.2471磨砂玻璃 ground glass0 1.2472压花玻璃 patterned glass0 1.2473夹层玻璃 laminated glass0 1.2474中空玻璃 hollow glass, double

230、 glazing glass0 1.2475夹丝玻璃 wire glass0 1.2476有色玻璃 stained glass0 1.2477玻璃砖 glass block0 1.2478吸收玻璃 heat absorbing glass0 1.2479反射玻璃reflective glass0 1.2480有机玻璃organic glass, plexiglass0 1.2481钢化玻璃tempered glass0 1.2482玻璃丝glass fiber0 1.2483玻璃钢glass fiber reinforced plastic0 1.2484屋顶织布roofing fabric0

231、 1.2485建筑石棉building asbestos0 1.2486石棉制品asbestos product0 1.2487石棉绳asbestos cord, asbestos rope0 1.2488石棉管asbestos pipe0 1.2489石棉板asbestos Sheet, asbestos board0 1.2490石棉水泥波形瓦corrugated asbestos sheet0 1.2491石棉水泥保温板asbestos cement insulation board0 1.2492五金hardware0 1.2493木螺钉screw0 1.2494圆钉nail0 1.2

232、495螺栓bolt0 1.2496膨胀螺栓 expansion bolt0 1.2497锚栓 anchor bolt0 1.2498装饰铁件 ornamental iron work0 1.2499门锁 door lock0 1.2500片锁 mortice lock0 1.2501弹簧锁 latch lock0 1.2502门柄 door knob0 1.2503执手 handle0 1.2504推板 push plate0 1.2505铰链hinge0 1.2506弹簧铰链spring hinge0 1.2507闭门器door closer0 1.2508地弹簧floor spring0

233、1.2509衣钩coat hook0 1.2510窗插销angle catch0 1.2511通天插销level bolt0 1.2512窗撑头stay fastener0 1.2513风钩hook and eye0 1.2514卫生洁具sanitaryware0 1.2515卫生配件sanitary fixture0 1.2516坐便器water closet, WC0 1.2517蹲便器pan0 1.2518高水箱high level cistern0 1.2519低水箱low level cistern0 1.2520座圈seat0 1.2521座盖flap0 1.2522手纸盒toil

234、et roll holder0 1.2523妇女洁净器bidet0 1.2524小便器urinal0 1.2525立式小便器stall urinal0 1.2526洗面器lavatory basin0 1.2527毛巾架towel rail0 1.2528化妆柜toilet cabinet0 1.2529浴盆bathtub0 1.2530波浪式浴盆jacuzzi0 1.2531巴皂盘soap dish0 1.2532淋浴间shower case0 1.2533厨房设施kitchen utilities0 1.2534洗池sink0 1.2535旋转水龙头swiveling faucet0 1.

235、2536炉灶stove, range0 1.2537烤箱oven0 1.2538碗柜dish cabinet, wall cupboard0 1.2539餐具柜kitchen cabinet0 1.2540厨房排烟机stove exhauster0 1.2541排烟罩exhaust hood0 1.2542碎污机garbage disposer01.9 建筑设备与系统0 1.2543室内供水系统 indoor water supply system0 1.2544生活饮用水系统potable water supply system0 1.2545生产用水系统production water s

236、upply system0 1.2546供水干管water main0 1.2547水表water meter0 1.2548水泵房pump house0 1.2549蓄水池reservoir0 1.2550水箱storage cistern0 1.2551气压水罐auto-pneumatic cylinder0 1.2552吸水水池break cistern0 1.2553减压水箱break pressure cistern0 1.2554集水管header0 1.2555配水管distributing pipe0 1.2556水龙头water tap0 1.2557水管配件pipe fit

237、ting0 1.2558闸阀gate valve0 1.2559角阀angle valve0 1.2560球阀globe valve, ball valve0 1.2561止回阀check valve0 1.2562截止阀loose valve, break valve0 1.2563下行上给式upfeed distribution0 1.2564上行下给式downfeed distribution0 1.2565循环水泵circulating pump0 1.2566水消毒water sterilization0 1.2567水净化water softening0 1.2568热水供应系统

238、hot water supply system0 1.2569直接加热热水供应系统direct heating hot water supply system0 1.2570间接加热热水供应系统indirect heating hot water supply system0 1.2571热交换器heat exchanger又称“换热器”。0 1.2572热水锅炉water heater0 1.2573电热水器electric water heater0 1.2574燃气热水器gas water heater0 1.2575循环水系统reclaimed water system0 1.2576

239、室内排水系统interior plumbing system0 1.2577污水sewage0 1.2578粪便污水soil0 1.2579雨水 rainwater0 1.2580分流制排水系统separated drainage system0 1.2581合流制排水系统combined drainage system0 1.2582排水立管soil stack0 1.2583通气主管vent stack0 1.2584排水管drain pipe0 1.2585存水管trap0 1.2586清扫口clean out0 1.2587地漏floor drain0 1.2588化粪池septic

240、tank0 1.2589渗井cesspool0 1.2590污水池sump0 1.2591隔油井grease intercepmr0 1.2592雨水内排水系统indoor rainwater system0 1.2593雨水外排水系统outdoor rainwater system0 1.2594悬吊管 hanging pipe0 1.2595雨水立管rain leader downspout0 1.2596检查井manhole0 1.2597室内消防系统indoor fire extinguishing system0 1.2598消防立管standpipe0 1.2599室内消火栓ind

241、oor fire hydrant0 1.2600消防水带fire hose0 1.2601消防水喉hose reel0 1.2602消火栓箱fire hydrant box0 1.2603消防水枪fire branch0 1.2604水泵接合器siamese connection0 1.2605火灾警报fire alarm0 1.2606火灾自动报警系统automatic fire alarm system0 1.2607火灾探测器fire detector0 1.2608手动火灾报警按钮manual fire alarm call point0 1.2609感温火灾探测器heat fire

242、detector0 1.2610感烟火灾探测器smoke fire detector0 1.2611离子感烟探测器ionization type smoke detector0 1.2612光电感烟探测器photoelectric type smoke deteetor0 1.2613感光火灾探测器optical flame fire detector0 1.2614可燃气体探测器gas detector0 1.2615点型火灾探测器spot-type fire detector0 1.2616线型火灾探测器line-type fire detector0 1.2617区域报警器local f

243、ire alarm control panel0 1.2618集中报警器central fire alarm control panel0 1.2619自动喷水灭火系统automatic sprinkler system0 1.2620湿式自动喷水灭火系统wet automatic sprinkler system0 1.2621干式自动喷水灭火系统dry automatic sprinkler systIn0 1.2622喷水喷头sprinkler head0 1.2623水幕喷头drencher head0 1.2624报警阀alarm valve0 1.2625自动水幕系统automat

244、ic drencher system0 1.2626预作用灭火系统preaction system0 1.2627雨淋灭火系统deluge system0 1.2628灭火器fire extinguisher0 1.2629泡沫灭火器foam fire extinguishing system0 1.2630二氧化碳灭火器C02 fire extinguishing system0 1.2631卤化烷灭火器halon fire extinguishing system0 1.2632干粉灭火器powder fire extinguisher0 1.2633清水灭火器plain water fi

245、re extinguisher0 1.2634排烟系统smoke evacuation system0 1.2635防烟分区smoke bay0 1.2636防烟挡板smoke damper0 1.2637排烟smoke evacuation0 1.2638排烟竖井smoke shaft0 1.2639排烟风机smoke extractor exhaust fan0 1.2640排烟口smoke vent opening 0 1.2641消防控制中心fire protection control center0 1.2642建筑供暖系统interior heating system0 1.26

246、43集中采暖central heating0 1.2644热源heat source0 1.2645热负荷heat load0 1.2646显热负荷sensible heating load0 1.2647显冷负荷sensible cooling load0 1.2648热媒heating medium0 1.2649热风采暖系统warm air heating system0 1.2650热风幕warm air curtain0 1.2651热风管道warm air duct0 1.2652回风管道return air duct0 1.2653送风机blower又称“鼓风机”。0 1.265

247、4热水采暖系统hot water heating system0 1.2655供水温度supply water temperature0 1.2656回水温度return water temperature0 1.2657机械循环系统forced circulation system0 1.2658单管系统one pipe system0 1.2659双管系统two pipe system0 1.2660膨胀水箱expansion tank0 1.2661散热器radiator0 1.2662恒温器thermostat0 1.2663流量控制器flow control valYe又称“流量调节

248、阀”。0 1.2664减压阀pressure relief valve0 1.2665蒸汽采暖系统steam heating system0 1.2666真空采暖系统vacuum type steam heating system0 1.2667蒸汽喷射热水系统injection type steam heating sys-tem0 1.2668汽水式换热器steam-water heat exchanger0 1.2669水水式换热器water-water heat exchanger0 1.2670蓄热器 heat storage0 1.2671蒸汽干管 steam main0 1.26

249、72疏水器 steam trap0 1.2673过滤器 strainer0 1.2674间接采暖 intermittent heating0 1.2675连续采暖 continuous heating0 1.2676辐射采暖系统 panel type heating system0 1.2677蛇形管 sinuous coil0 1.2678格形管 grid0 1.2679平衡阀 balancing valve0 1.2680混合阀 blending valve0 1.2681电热采暖 electric heating system0 1.2682电热风炉 electric central w

250、arm-air furnace0 1.2683管中电热器 in-duct electric heater0 1.2684室内通风系统 indoor ventilation system0 1.2685新风fresh air0 1.2686排气exhaust air0 1.2687局部通风local ventilation0 1.2688空气洁净度air purity0 1.2689气溶胶aerosol0 1.2690允许浓度allowable concentration0 1.2691排风扇exhaust fan0 1.2692屋顶风机roof ventilator0 1.2693吸风罩sus

251、pended hood0 1.2694工作台booth0 1.2695空气分配系统air distribution system0 1.2696风管ductwork0 1.2697风闸阀damper0 1.2698终端装置terminal device0 1.2699格栅式风口grille0 1.2700百叶型风口register0 1.2701散流器diffuser0 1.2702空气净化air cleaning0 1.2703空气过滤器air filter0 1.2704电除尘器electrostatic precipitator0 1.2705吸收式净化absorption cleani

252、ng0 1.2706吸附式净化 adsorption cleaning0 1.2707负离子发生器 negative ion generator0 1.2708全热换热器 air-to-air total heat exchanger0 1.2709建筑空调系统 air conditioning system, AC sys-tem0 1.2710分体式空调器 split AC unit0 1.2711窗式空调器 window type cooling unit0 1.2712整体式空调器 package AC plant0 1.2713集中式空调系统centralized AC system

253、0 1.2714制冷系统 refrigeration system0 1.2715冷水式系统 chilled water system0 1.2716直接制冷系统 direct refrigeration system0 1.2717吸收式制冷系统absorption system0 1.2718活塞式冷水机 reciprocation chiller0 1.2719离心式冷水机 centrifugal chiller0 1.2720空气处理设施 air handling device0 1.2721全空气系统 all air system0 1.2722单风道系统 single duct s

254、ystem0 1.2723双风道系统 double duct system0 1.2724多区域系统 multizone system0 1.2725定风量系统 constant-air-volume system, CAV system0 1.2726变风量系统 variable-air-volume system, VAV system0 1.2727终端再热 terminal reheat0 1.2728水空气系统 water-air system0 1.2729全水系统 all water system0 1.2730风机盘管空调系统 fan-coil cooling unit0 1.

255、2731诱导式空调系统induction AC system0 1.2732气流组织 air distribution0 1.2733侧向送风 side feeding0 1.2734散流器送风 diffuser feeding0 1.2735孔板送风 orifice feeding0 1.2736加湿器 humidifier0 1.2737热回收装置 heat reclamation device0 1.2738冷却塔 cooling tower0 1.2739转轮式换热器 thermal wheel0 1.2740热管 heat pipe0 1.2741板式换热器 plate exchan

256、ger0 1.2742壳管式换热器 shell-tube heat exchanger0 1.2743恒温恒湿机组 constant-temperature-humidity unit0 1.2744热泵 heat pump0 1.2745性能系数 coefficient of performance, COP0 1.2746全能量系统 total energy system0 1.2747建筑供配电系统power supply system0 1.2748照明负荷 lighting load0 1.2749继电保护装置 overload protection device0 1.2750高压

257、开关设备 high voltage switchgear equipment0 1.2751低压开关设备 low voltage switch equipment0 1.2752功率因数补偿 power factor compensation0 1.2753备用电源 standby electric power0 1.2754高压供电系统 high voltage supply system0 1.2755低压配电系统 low voltage distribution system0 1.2756开关柜 switchboard0 1.2757配电盘 distribution panel, di

258、stribution board0 1.2758电力配电箱 power distribution panel0 1.2759照明配电箱 lighting power distribution panel0 1.2760电气竖井 electric shaft0 1.2761电缆线路敷设 cable installation0 1.2762导线穿管敷设 conductor installed in conduit0 1.2763电缆沟 cable trench0 1.2764电线管 conduit0 1.2765防雷保护 lightning protection0 1.2766接地装置ground

259、 device0 1.2767接地电阻ground resistance0 1.2768母线槽busway0 1.2769电气控制系统electrical control system0 1.2770电压表voltmeter0 1.2771电流表ammeter0 1.2772低压电器设备low voltage equipment0 1.2773熔断器fuse0 1.2774接线箱 junction box0 1.2775插座 socket, receptacle0 1.2776明线 surface mounted wire0 1.2777暗线 concealed wire0 1.2778室内弱

260、电系统 interior low voltage system0 1.2779共用天线电视系统 common antenna TV system0 1.2780闭路电视系统 closed circuit TV system0 1.2781前端设备 headend equipment0 1.2782电声设备 electronic sound equipment0 1.2783广播系统 public address system, broadcast-ing system0 1.2784扩声系统sound amplification system, sound reinforcing system

261、0 1.2785电话系统telephone system0 1.2786电话设备telephone equipment0 1.2787保安系统security system0 1.2788计算机管理系统computer management system0 1.2789警报系统alarm system又称“告警系统”。0 1.2790门铃系统door-bell and button system0 1.2791内部通信系统inter-communication system0 1.2792音乐跟踪系统music paging system,0 1.2793值班巡视系统watchman tour

262、 system0 1.2794中央控制台central control console0 1.2795室内运输系统indoor transportation system0 1.2796输送小车dumbwaiter0 1.2797载客电梯passenger elevator0 1.2798载货电梯freight elevator0 1.2799电动楼梯escalator0 1.2800电动走道moving walk0 1.2801气动输送系统pneumatic tube system0 1.2802专门室内系统special indoor system0 1.2803压缩空气系统compres

263、sed air system0 1.2804蒸馏水系统distilled water system0 1.2805燃油系统fuel oil system0 1.2806液化气系统liquid petroleum gas system, LPG system0 1.2807润滑油系统lubricating oil system0 1.2808天然气系统natural gas system0 1.2809真空系统vacuum system0 1.2810垃圾处理系统refuse disposal system0 1.2811焚化炉incinerator0 1.2812垃圾压实机trash comp

264、actor02 园林学02.1 总论0 2.0001园林学landscape architecture, garden ar-chitecture0 2.0002造园学garden making, landscape garden-ing0 2.0003环境园艺学environmental horticulture0 2.0004观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture0 2.0005园林艺术garden art0 2.0006园林美学garden aesthetics0 2.0007园林建筑学garden architecture0 2.0008园林建筑garden buil

265、ding0 2.0009园林工程garden engineering0 2.0010园林植物landscape plant0 2.0011观赏植物ornamental plant0 2.0012盆景miniature landscape, penjing0 2.0013园林garden and park0 2.0014园林学史history of garden architecture0 2.0015园林规划garden planning, landscaping planning0 2.0016园林设计garden design0 2.0017园林机具设备gardening machine0

266、 2.0018园林管理garden management0 2.0019园林生态landscape ecology0 2.0020绿化greening, planting0 2.0021环境绿化environmental greening0 2.0022绿地面积green area0 2.0023绿地率ratio of green space0 2.0024城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage0 2.0025工厂绿化factory greening, factory garden-ing0 2.0026街道绿化street greening, street planting0

267、 2.0027车行道绿化driveway greening0 2.0028分车带绿化dividing stripe greening0 2.0029人行道绿化sidewalk greening0 2.0030群众绿化mass planting movement0 2.0031郊区绿化suburban greening0 2.0032公路绿化highway greening0 2.0033铁路绿化railway greening, railway planting0 2.0034堤岸种植bank planting0 2.0035阳台绿化balcony greening0 2.0036窗台绿化wi

268、ndow-sill greening0 2.0037屋顶绿化roof greening0 2.0038垂直绿化vertical greening0 2.0039攀缘绿化climber greening0 2.0040桥头绿化bridgehead greening0 2.0041花园garden0 2.0042专类花园specified flower garden0 2.0043花园村garden village 0 2.0044园林城市landscape garden city又称“花园城市”。0 2.0045蔷薇园rose garden0 2.0046松柏园conifer garden0 2

269、.0047球根园bulb garden0 2.0048宿根园perennial garden全称“多年生宿根草木园”。0 2.0049假山园rock garden, Chinese rockery0 2.0050狩猎场hunting ground0 2.0051街心花园street crossing center garden0 2.0052小游园petty street garden0 2.0053水景园water garden0 2.0054铺地园paved garden0 2.0055野趣园wild plants botanical garden0 2.0056野生植物园wild pla

270、nts garden0 2.0057乡趣园rustic garden0 2.0058盆景园penjing garden, miniature land-scape0 2.0059动物园 zoo, zoological garden0 2.0060墓园cemetery garden0 2.0061沼泽园bog and marsh garden0 2.0062水生植物园aquatic plants garden0 2.0063学校园school garden0 2.0064室内花园indoor garden0 2.0065芳香花园fragrant garden0 2.0066盲人花园garden

271、for the blind0 2.0067公园park, public park0 2.0068城市公园city park, urban park0 2.0069区公园regional park0 2.0070儿童公园children park0 2.0071体育公园sports park0 2.0072森林公园forest park0 2.0073纪念公园memorial park0 2.0074烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park0 2.0075综合公园comprehensive park0 2.0076文化公园cultural park0 2.0077文化休憩公园cult

272、ural and recreation park0 2.0078中央公园central park0 2.0079天然公园natural park0 2.0080海滨公园seaside park, seabeach park0 2.0081古迹公园historic site park0 2.0082河滨公园riverside park0 2.0083湖滨公园lakeside park0 2.0084路边公园roadside park, street park0 2.0085娱乐公园amusement park0 2.0086雕塑公园sculpture park0 2.0087休憩公园recrea

273、tion park0 2.0088疗养公园sanatorium park0 2.0089国家公园national park0 2.0090邻里公园neighborhood park0 2.0091特种公园special park0 2.0092植物园botanical garden0 2.0093植物公园 abeled plants park0 2.0094高山植物园 alpine garden0 2.0095热带植物园 tropical plants garden0 2.0096药用植物园 medical plants garden, herb garden0 2.0097绿地 green

274、space0 2.0098公共绿地public green space0 2.0099单位绿地unit green area0 2.0100城市绿地urban green space0 2.0101街道广场绿地street and square green area0 2.0102居住区绿地residential quarter green area0 2.0103防护绿地green area for environmental protection0 2.0104郊区绿地suburban green space0 2.0105街坊绿地residential block green belt0

275、 2.0106附属绿地attached green space0 2.0107生产绿地productive plantation area0 2.0108苗圃nursery0 2.0109风景landscape, scenery又称“景观”。0 2.0110自然景观natural landscape0 2.0111人文景观human landscape, scenery of humanities0 2.0112草原景观prairie landscape0 2.0113山岳景观mountain landscape, alpine landscape0 2.0114地理景观geographica

276、l landscape0 2.0115湖泊景观lake view0 2.0116郊区景观suburban landscape0 2.0117地质景观geological landscape0 2.0118喀斯特景观karst landscape又称“岩溶景观”。0 2.0119植物景观plants landscape, flora landscape02.2 园林史02.2.1 中国园林史0 2.0120中国古典园林classical Chinese garden0 2.0121中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden0 2.0122中国古代园林ancient Chin

277、ese garden0 2.0123中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden0 2.0124帝王宫苑imperial palace garden0 2.0125皇家园林royal garden0 2.0126私家园林private garden0 2.0127江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta02.2.2 西方园林史0 2.0128西方古典园林western classical garden0 2.0129英国式园林English style garden0 2.0130中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style gar

278、den0 2.0131意大利式园林Italian style garden0 2.0132西班牙式园林Spanish style garden0 2.0133法兰西式园林French style garden0 2.0134勒诺特尔式园林Le Notres style garden0 2.0135文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style villa0 2.0136洛可可式园林Rococo style garden0 2.0137巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden0 2.0138庄园manor, villa garden0 2.0139廊柱园peristyle garde

279、n, patio0 2.0140绿廊xystus0 2.0141迷阵maze, labyrinth又称“迷宫”、迷篱“。02.2.3 典型中西园林0 2.0142灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden周代术语。0 2.0143灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden周代术语。0 2.0144灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden周代术语。0 2.0145阿房宫E-Pang Palace秦代术语。0 2.0146上林苑Shang-Lin Yuan汉代术语0 2.0147未央宫Wei-Yang Palace汉代术语0 2.0148洛阳宫Luoyang Palace

280、魏代术语。0 2.0149华清官Hua-Qing Palace唐代术语。0 2.0150艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden宋代术语。0 2.0151圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden0 2.0152颐和园Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace0 2.0153承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort0 2.0154苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden0 2.0155悬园Hanging Garden又称“悬空园”、“架高园”。0 2.0156英国皇家植物园

281、Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden又称“邱园”。0 2.0157凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park0 2.0158枫丹白露宫园Fontainebleau Palace Garden02.3 园林艺术0 2.0159景view, scenery, feature0 2.0160远景distant view0 2.0161近景nearby view0 2.0162障景obstructive scenery, blocking view又称“抑景”。0 2.0163借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing0 2.016

282、4对景opposite scenery, view in opposite place0 2.0165缩景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery0 2.0166漏景leaking through scenery0 2.0167框景enframed scenery0 2.0168尾景terminal feature0 2.0169主景main feature0 2.0170副景secondary feature0 2.0171配景objective view0 2.0172夹景vista line, vista又称“风景线”。0 2.0173前景front

283、view0 2.0174背景background0 2.0175景序order of sceneries0 2.0176景点feature spot, view spot0 2.0177仰视景观upward landscape0 2.0178俯视景观downward landscape0 2.0179季相景观seasonal phenomena0 2.0180气象景观meteorological diversity scenery0 2.0181视野visual field0 2.0182秋色fall color, autumn color0 2.0183园林空间garden space0 2

284、.0184开敞空间wide open space, wide space0 2.0185封闭空间enclosure space0 2.0186意境 artistic conception, poetic imagery0 2.0187苍古antiquity0 2.0188空灵spaciousness, airiness0 2.0189动观in-motion viewing0 2.0190静观 in-position viewing0 2.0191视错觉visual illusion0 2.0192园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden0 2.0193对称平衡symmet

285、rical balance0 2.0194不对称平衡asymmetrical balance0 2.0195左右对称bilateral symmetry0 2.0196辐射对称radial symmetry0 2.0197透景线perspective line0 2.0198轴线axis, axial line0 2.0199主轴main axis0 2.0200副轴auxiliary axis0 2.0201暗轴hidden axis, invisible axis又称“隐轴”。0 2.0202树冠线skyline0 2.0203园林色彩艺术art of garden colors0 2.0

286、204单色谐调monochromatic harmony0 2.0205复色谐调compound chromatic harmony0 2.0206对比色突出contrast colors accent0 2.0207近似色谐调approximate colors harmony0 2.0208暖色warm color0 2.0209冷色cool color0 2.0210色感color sense02.4 园林规划0 2.0211城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning0 2.0212绿地系统green space system0 2.0213公共绿

287、地定额public green space quota0 2.0214公共绿地指标public green space norm0 2.0215绿地布局green space layout0 2.0216吸引圈attractive circle0 2.0217吸引距离attractive distance0 2.0218有效半径effective radius0 2.0219绿地资源green space resource0 2.0220绿地效果green space effect0 2.0221绿地规划程序planning procedure of the green space0 2.02

288、22空间规划space planning0 2.0223形象规划image plan0 2.0224实施规划implementary plan0 2.0225必要生活空间necessary living space0 2.0226余暇生活空间leisure time living space0 2.0227利用频度usage frequency0 2.0228树种规划planning of trees and shrubs0 2.0229绿地类型type of green space0 2.0230环状绿型annular green space0 2.0231块状绿地green plot0 2

289、.0232点状绿地green spot0 2.0233放射状绿地radiate green space0 2.0234楔状绿地wedge-shaped green space0 2.0235缓冲绿地buffer green space0 2.0236防音绿地noiseproof green space0 2.0237科学景观论scientific landscape theory0 2.0238园林保留地reserve garden0 2.0239公园规划park planning0 2.0240园林总体规划garden master planning0 2.0241总平面规划site pla

290、nning0 2.0242园林分区garden zoning0 2.0243安静休息区tranquil rest area0 2.0244儿童活动区children playing space0 2.0245儿童游戏场children playground, playlot0 2.0246体育运动区sports activities area0 2.0247野餐区picnic place0 2.0248散步区pedestrian space0 2.0249群众集会区mass meeting square0 2.0250观赏植物区ornamental plants area0 2.0251观赏温

291、室区display greenhouse area, display conservatory area0 2.0252草坪区lawn space0 2.0253绿荫区shade tree section0 2.0254历史古迹区historical relics area0 2.0255青少年活动区youngsters activities area0 2.0256诱鸟区bird sanctuary area0 2.0257钓鱼区fishing center0 2.0258野营区camp site又称“露营地”。0 2.0259游人中心visitors center0 2.0260服务中心s

292、ervice center0 2.0261探险游乐场adventure ground0 2.0262文化活动区cultural activities area0 2.0263道路系统approach system, road system0 2.0264环形道路系统circular road system0 2.0265方格形道路系统latticed road system0 2.0266放射形道路系统radiate road system0 2.0267自然式道路系统informal road system0 2.0268规整式道路系统formal road system0 2.0269混合

293、式道路系统mixed style road system0 2.0270园林规划图garden planning map0 2.0271园林规划说明书garden planning direction0 2.0272城市公园系统urban park system0 2.0273公园分布distribution of parks0 2.0274公园类型park type, park category0 2.0275公园间距distance between parks0 2.0276公园形式park styles0 2.0277游览区excursion area, open-to-public a

294、rea0 2.0278非游览区no-admittance area0 2.0279办公区administrative area0 2.0280服务区service center0 2.0281动休息区dynamic rest space0 2.0282静休息区static rest space0 2.0283娱乐演出区entertaining performance place0 2.0284主要入口main entrance0 2.0285次要入口secondary entrance0 2.0286人流量visitors flowrate0 2.0287车流量vehicle flowrate

295、0 2.0288公园道路park road0 2.0289公园水陆面积比率land-water ratio0 2.0290游人容纳量visitors capacity0 2.0291风景资源调查landscape resource evaluation0 2.0292风景学scenicology0 2.0293风景规划landscape plan0 2.0294风景设计landscape design0 2.0295游览路线touring route0 2.0296旅游资源tourism resource0 2.0297旅游地理tourism geography0 2.0298旅游地质tour

296、ism geology0 2.0299历史名城famous historical city0 2.0300文化名城famous cultural city0 2.0301文化遗址ancient cultural relic0 2.0302天然博物馆natural open museum0 2.0303风景地貌natural geomorphology0 2.0304造型地貌imaginative geomorphologic figuration0 2.0305风景区scenic spot, scenic area0 2.0306风景名胜famous scenery, famous sceni

297、c site0 2.0307特异景观风景区specific natural scenes area0 2.0308民族风俗风景区scenic spot of minority customs0 2.0309高山风景区alpine scenic spot0 2.0310海滨风景区seabeach scenic spot0 2.0311森林风景区forest scenic spot0 2.0312高山草甸风景区alpine tundra landscape spot0 2.0313峡谷风景区valley scenic spot0 2.0314江河风景区river landscape distric

298、t0 2.0315湖泊风景区lake round scenic spot0 2.0316温泉风景区hot spring scenic spot0 2.0317瀑布风景区waterfall scenic spot0 2.0318禁伐禁猎区region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting0 2.0319封山育林区region closed for afforestation0 2.0320天池风景区crater lake scenic spot0 2.0321自然保护区nature protection area0 2.0322科学保护区protection

299、 area for scientific research0 2.0323天然纪念物natural monument0 2.0324生物圈保护区biosphere protection area02.5 园林设计0 2.0325园林设计师landscape architect, garden designer0 2.0326园址测量图garden site survey map0 2.0327地形图topographic map, contour map0 2.0328种植设计planting design0 2.0329地形改造设计topographical reform design0 2

300、.0330种植大样图detail planting design0 2.0331造价分析cost analysis0 2.0332园林形式garden style0 2.0333规整式园林formal garden style0 2.0334非规整园林informal garden style0 2.0335几何式园林geometric garden style0 2.0336自然式园林natural garden style0 2.0337混合式园林mixed garden style0 2.0338近代巴洛克式园林modern Baroque style0 2.0339马克斯抽象园林R.B

301、. Marx abstract garden0 2.0340园林区划garden area division0 2.0341园林分区规划garden block planning0 2.0342庭院花园courtyard garden0 2.0343前庭front yard, forecourt0 2.0344后庭back yard, rear yard0 2.0345中庭patio0 2.0346厨园kitchen yard又称“菜园”。0 2.0347沉床园sunken garden0 2.0348窗园window garden0 2.0349墙园wall garden0 2.0350宅园

302、home garden0 2.0351台地园terrace garden又称“平台园”。0 2.0352冬园winter garden0 2.0353切花园cut flower garden0 2.0354屋顶花园roof garden0 2.0355后花园back yard garden0 2.0356园林地形改造topographical reform of garden0 2.0357土山earth piled hill, artificial mound0 2.0358假山rockery, artificial rockwork0 2.0359太湖石Taihu Lake stone,

303、water modelled stone0 2.0360黄石yellowish brown stone0 2.0361人造假山石artificial stone, man-made stone0 2.0362孤赏石monolith, standing stone0 2.0363掇山piled stone hill, hill making0 2.0364叠石stones laying0 2.0365板石flag stone0 2.0366散点石scattered stone0 2.0367抱角石corner stone0 2.0368屋基石foundation stone0 2.0369排衙石

304、guard stone0 2.0370屏石screen stone0 2.0371石岸rock bank0 2.0372石阶stone steps0 2.0373汀步stepping stone on water surface0 2.0374附壁石stone appended to wall0 2.0375石花台stone flower bed0 2.0376石凳stone bench0 2.0377假山石挡土墙rock retaining wall0 2.0378干砌石dry stone wall0 2.0379假山石楼梯rock stairway又称“岩梯”。0 2.0380石亭ston

305、e pavilion0 2.0381石洞stone cavern0 2.0382石窟grotto0 2.0383置石stone arrangement, stone layout0 2.0384拱石arch stone0 2.0385拱顶石key stone0 2.0386园林水景water scenes of garden0 2.0387水体water body0 2.0388水面water surface0 2.0389水池pool规整式。0 2.0390水塘pond自然式。0 2.0391喷泉fountain0 2.0392喷水池fountain pool0 2.0393涉水池wadin

306、g pool0 2.0394倒影池mirror pool, reflecting pool又称“镜池”。0 2.0395睡莲池water-lily pool0 2.0396喷水管布置piping schema0 2.0397钓鱼塘fishing pond0 2.0398高水位池塘high water table pond0 2.0399池边坐人矮墙seat wall surrounded pool0 2.0400隐头喷泉secret fountain0 2.0401岛园island garden0 2.0402半岛园peninsula garden0 2.0403小岛isle0 2.0404瀑

307、布waterfall0 2.0405小瀑布cascade又称“分层瀑布”。0 2.0406湖lake0 2.0407矶rock projecting over water0 2.0408水帘洞water curtain cave0 2.0409园桥garden bridge0 2.0410拱桥arch bridge0 2.0411石板桥stone slab bridge0 2.0412木板桥plank bridge0 2.0413圆木桥log bridge0 2.0414亭桥pavilion bridge0 2.0415曲桥zigzag bridge0 2.0416壁泉wall fountai

308、n0 2.0417饮水喷头drinking fountain0 2.0418植物配植plant arrangement0 2.0419树木配植arrangement of trees and shrubs0 2.0420群植group planting, mass planting0 2.0421孤植specimen planting, isolated planting0 2.0422丛植clump planting0 2.0423组植group planting0 2.0424林植forest planting0 2.0425列植linear planting0 2.0426对植oppos

309、ite planting, coupled planting0 2.0427环植circular planting0 2.0428带植belt planting0 2.0429散植scattered planting, loose planting0 2.0430边缘种植edge planting0 2.0431边界种植boundary planting0 2.0432整形种植architectural planting0 2.0433基础种植foundation planting0 2.0434角隅种植corner planting0 2.0435景框种植planting as enfram

310、ent0 2.0436门卫种植guard planting0 2.0437篱恒种植fence planting0 2.0438障景种植screen planting0 2.0439背景种植background planting0 2.0440林下种植underwood planting0 2.0441路边种植roadside planting0 2.0442绿篱hedge0 2.0443树墙espalier0 2.0444庭荫树shade tree又称“浓荫树”。0 2.0445园景树specimen tree0 2.0446风景林amenity forest, ornamental fore

311、st0 2.0447行道树avenue tree, street tree又称“路树”。0 2.0448纪念林memorial forest0 2.0449整型树topiary tree0 2.0450花篱flower hedge0 2.0451刺篱thorny plants hedge0 2.0452常绿绿篱evergreen hedge0 2.0453落叶绿篱deciduous hedge0 2.0454高篱high hedge0 2.0455沟中边篱hah-hah fence又称“隐篱”。0 2.0456图案矮篱pattern dwarf hedge0 2.0457迷宫绿篱labyrin

312、th hedge0 2.0458整剪绿篱clipped hedge0 2.0459自然式花篱natural flowering hedge0 2.0460边篱boundary fence0 2.0461园篱garden fence, garden hedge0 2.0462纯林pure forest0 2.0463混交林 mixed forest0 2.0464林间隙地 open space in woodland0 2.0465杂木林 spinney0 2.0466树冠覆盖面 tree canopy0 2.0467草坪 lawn0 2.0468整形草坪 formal lawn0 2.0469

313、开花草坪 flowering lawn0 2.0470牧场草坪 meadowy land又称“牧草地”。0 2.0471花坛 flower bed0 2.0472路边花坛 roadside flower bed0 2.0473带状花坛 ribbon flower bed0 2.0474时钟花坛 flower clock0 2.0475盆栽花坛 potted flower bed, basined flower bed0 2.0476高设花台raised flower bed0 2.0477毛毡花坛 carpet bed又称“模样花坛”。0 2.0478镶嵌花坛 mosaic bed0 2.04

314、79铺石花坛 paved bed0 2.0480灌木花坛 shrub bed0 2.0481图案花坛群 parterre0 2.0482草药花坛 herbaceous flower bed0 2.0483花结花坛 knot bed0 2.0484整形花坛 formal flower bed0 2.0485花境 flower border又称“境边花坛”。0 2.0486花桶flower tub0 2.0487植树箱planting box0 2.0488活动花坛movable flower bed0 2.0489瓶饰garden vase0 2.0490灌木花境shrub border0 2.

315、0491混合花境mixed border0 2.0492园林道路设计garden road design, garden path design0 2.0493漫步路trail, footway又称“散步道”。0 2.0494小径alley, path0 2.0495川草坪岛lawn island0 2.0496安全岛traffic island, refuge island0 2.0497转弯曲度turning curvature0 2.0498转弯半径turning radius0 2.0499踏面landing pitch0 2.0500步石stepping stone0 2.0501涉

316、水踏步wading step0 2.0502错铺路crazy paving path又称“水纹路”。0 2.0503随意组合方石板路flag stone path paved at random0 2.0504花纹路pattern path0 2.0505林荫路mall又称“林荫散步者”。0 2.0506林荫大道boulevard0 2.0507花园路parkway0 2.0508林间小道path in woodland0 2.0509种植池planting bed0 2.0510树池保护格栅tree grate0 2.0511树干保护套栏tree guard0 2.0512树池坐凳矮墙sea

317、twall-surrounded planting0 2.0513路面线纹score line02.6 园林建筑与园林工程0 2.0514传统园林建筑traditional garden building0 2.0515凉亭summer shelter0 2.0516活树亭arbor, tent arbor0 2.0517蘑菇亭mushroom pavilion0 2.0518茅亭thatched pavilion0 2.0519竹亭bamboo pavilion0 2.0520茶亭tea booth, tea kiosk0 2.0521回廊cloister0 2.0522水廊corridor

318、 on water0 2.0523曲廊zigzag veranda0 2.0524扒山廊sloping gallery0 2.0525楼廊two-storied gallery0 2.0526画舫painted pleasure boat0 2.0527石舫stone boat0 2.0528不击舟immovable pleasure boat0 2.0529诗条石poem-engraved stone slab0 2.0530月洞门moon gate0 2.0531扶手栏杆handrail0 2.0532坐凳栏杆 seat rail0 2.0533石碑 stone tablet, stele

319、0 2.0534园林露天剧场 open garden theater0 2.0535园林露天舞池 open garden dancing place0 2.0536露天音乐台 outdoor music stand0 2.0537眺望台 prospect deck0 2.0538繁殖温室plant propagation greenhouse0 2.0539展览温室public conservatory0 2.0540月池new-moon pool0 2.0541园林小品small garden ornaments0 2.0542磁砖壁画painted tile mural tablet0 2

320、.0543园椅garden chair, garden seat0 2.0544园凳garden bench0 2.0545园桌garden table0 2.0546园灯garden lamp0 2.0547日规sundial0 2.0548鸟浴bird bath0 2.0549鸟舍bird cottage, nestle box0 2.0550鸟笼bird cage, bird coop0 2.0551悬篮hanging basket0 2.0552野鸟喂食器bird feeder0 2.0553额匾horizontal inscribed board0 2.0554楹联couplet w

321、ritten on scroll, couplet on pillar0 2.0555引露天烤炉open barbecue0 2.0556树棚living-tree pergola0 2.0557花架pergola又称“腾架”。0 2.0558花格架trellis, treillage又称“格子架”。0 2.0559点景牌楼naming pailou, decorated archway0 2.0560园林施工 garden layout, garden construction0 2.0561种植工程planting engineering0 2.0562大树移植big tree trans

322、planting0 2.0563裸根移植bare root transplanting0 2.0564土球移植ball transplanting0 2.0565沟植trench planting0 2.0566假植heeling in, temporary planting0 2.0567播种草坪seeding lawn0 2.0568铺草皮块草坪sodding lawn0 2.0569假山工程rockery engineering0 2.0570掇山五法five methods of rock piling0 2.0571等分平衡法method of making the rock equ

323、a-tional and balanced02.0572前轻后重法method of making the front part of rock lighter than theback part0 2.0573上轻下重法method of lowering the center ofgravity of rocks0 2.0574纹理统一法method of unifying the rock veins0 2.0575石料统一法method of unifying the rock mate-rials02.7 造园材料0 2.0576观赏树木ornamental tree and shr

324、ub0 2.0577观叶植物foliage plant0 2.0578观果植物fruit-effect plant0 2.0579观枝干植物plants with ornamental trunks and branches0 2.0580指示植物indicating plant0 2.0581主景植物accent plant0 2.0582耐湿植物damp tolerant plant0 2.0583抗风植物wind-resistant plant0 2.0584耐盐碱植物saline-alkali tolerant plant0 2.0585市花city flower0 2.0586市树c

325、ity tree0 2.0587国花national flower0 2.0588国树national tree0 2.0589芳香植物fragrant plant0 2.0590抗污染植物pollution resistant plant0 2.0591环保植物environment protecting plant0 2.0592高山植物alpine plant0 2.0593岩生植物rock plant0 2.0594攀缘植物climbing plant, climber0 2.0595地被植物ground cover plant0 2.0596阴生植物shade plant0 2.05

326、97装饰植物decorative plant0 2.0598装缘植物edging plant又称“饰缘植物”。0 2.0599绿蓠植物hedge plant0 2.0600草坪植物lawn plant, lawn grass0 2.0601花坛植物 bedding plant0 2.0602球根植物bulbous plant0 2.0603宿根植物perennial plant, perennial0 2.0604水生植物aquatic plant, hydrophyte0 2.0605旱生植物xerophyte0 2.0606沼泽植物bog plant, swamp plant0 2.060

327、7室内装饰植物indoor decorative plant, house plant0 2.0608切花cut flower0 2.0609垂枝植物pendulous plant, weeping plant0 2.0610缠绕植物twiner, twinning plant0 2.0611针叶植物needle-leaved plant0 2.0612阔叶植物broad-leaved plant0 2.0613斑叶植物variegate-leaved plant0 2.0614松柏植物conifer0 2.0615常绿植物evergreen plant0 2.0616半常绿植物semi-ev

328、ergreen plant0 2.0617不耐寒植物tender plant0 2.0618半耐寒植物half-hardy plant0 2.0619耐寒植物hardy plant0 2.0620耐旱植物drought enduring plant0 2.0621山石材料stone material0 2.0622昆山石Kunshan stone江苏产。0 2.0623钟乳石stalactite0 2.0624灵壁石Lingbi stone安徽产。0 2.0625英德石Yingde stone广东产。0 2.0626青石Qing stone产于北京西。0 2.0627宣石Xuan stone安

329、徽产。0 2.0628房山石Fangshan stone产于北京郊区。0 2.0629观赏动物ornamental animal0 2.0630观赏鸟类ornamental bird0 2.0631观赏兽类ornamental beast0 2.0632观赏昆虫类ornamental insect02.8 园林机具设备0 2.0633园林机械garden machine 0 2.0634园林工具garden instrument, garden implement0 2.0635园林设备garden equipment0 2.0636花坛分界隔板plastic bed divider0 2.0

330、637种植容器planting container0 2.0638圆木桩log peg0 2.0639喷射装置jet bubbler0 2.0640滴灌trickle irrigator, drip irrigator0 2.0641环动喷灌器circle sprinkler又称“摇臂式喷灌器”。0 2.0642圆筒喷灌器rotor sprinkler0 2.0643自控器automatic controller0 2.0644管端喷灌器hose end sprinkler0 2.0645固定喷灌器stationary sprinkler0 2.0646喷雾喷灌器mist sprinkler,

331、 spray head sprinkler0 2.0647喷灌覆盖面sprinkler coverage0 2.0648草坪加肥器lawn feeder0 2.0649施肥喷灌器combined feeder and sprinkler0 2.0650液肥混合调配器liquid fertilizer mixer-proportioner0 2.0651滴水喷头emitter, dripper0 2.0652水土保持塑料网erosion control plastic net0 2.0653苗木包装材料nursery stock package material0 2.0654麻布袋burlap

332、 bag0 2.0655铁丝篮wire basket0 2.0656篮状种植器basket container0 2.0657塑料苗木桶plastic nurserican0 2.0658播种盘seed tray0 2.0659网孔盆mesh pot0 2.0660含肥泥炭盆fertile peat pot0 2.0661盆栽机potting machine0 2.0662换盆机repotting machine0 2.0663再生纸种植器reclaimed paper container0 2.0664纤维育苗器wood fiber plant grower0 2.0665泥炭压制播种饼pe

333、at seeding pellet, peat seeding starter0 2.0666松土除草机 cultivator0 2.0667旋转锄 rotary hoe0 2.0668切叶机 foliage cutter0 2.0669翻地犁 uncovering plough0 2.0670盖土机 mounted spreader0 2.0671前悬装土机 front mounted loader0 2.0672后缀装土机 rear mounted loader0 2.0673旋轴剪草机 spindle mower0 2.0674栽植机 planting machine0 2.0675植物覆盖 plant mulching0 2.0676覆盖物分散机 mulch spreader0 2.0677种子液肥喷洒机hydro seeder0 2.0678修枝剪 pruning shear0