1、盐 城 湿 地 生 态 国 家 公 园YA N C H E N G W E TL AND NATIONAL ECO-PARK2004 2020盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURI
2、SM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Reportiii总体规划报告Master Plan Report盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹
3、顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN C
4、RANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AR
5、EA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yanche
6、ng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National
7、 Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态公园控制性规划Control Plan for Red Crown Crane Eco Eco Tourism Area麋鹿生态公园控制性规划Control Plan for Milu Eco Tourism Area琼岗海边度假区控制性规划Control Plan for Dongtai Eco Tourism Area共有特征Corporate Identity HandbookABCDEA U G U S T 2 0 0 4盐 城 湿 地 生 态 国 家 公 园总 体 规 划 报 告|M A S T E R P L A N R E P O R TA U G U
8、 S T 2 0 0 4YA N C H E N G W E TL AND NATIONAL ECO-PARK2004 2020盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA
9、盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Reportiii目录CONT E N T S 1.1 盐城湿地生态国家公园理念 Vision for the Yancheng Wetland Eco-Park 2 1.2 方案编制 Preparation of this Plan 3 1.3 湿地保护与可持续旅游 Wetland Prot
10、ection&Sustainable Tourism 4 1.4 生态国家公园框架与节点区 Eco-Park Framework&Focal Areas 42.1 创造人与自然的和谐 Creating Harmony between Nature and Man 82.2 环境保护 Environmental Protection 92.3 实例研讨 Best Practice Case Studies 183.1 中国旅游背景 China Tourism Context 263.2 江苏省旅游分析 Jiangsu Province Tourism Analysis 303.3 现有旅游资源
11、Existing Tourism Resource 333.4 盐城湿地生态公园旅游策略 Yancheng Wetlands Eco-Park Tourism Strategy 363.5 旅游容量 Tourism Capacity 393.6 旅游活动与节目 Tourism Activities&Programs 394.1 整体框架 Overall Framework 434.2 交通规划 Transport Planning 464.3 节点区规划 Focal Area Planning 494.4 旅游开发总平面 Tourism Development Master Plan 504.
12、5 射阳旅游机遇 Sheyang Tourism Opportunities 534.6 射阳旅游框架图 Sheyang Tourism Framework Plan 544.7 旅游活动与节目 Tourism Activities&Program 564.8 大丰旅游机遇 Dafeng Tourism Opportunities 594.9 大丰旅游框架图 Dafeng Tourism Framework Plan 604.10 旅游活动与节目 Tourism Activities&Program 624.11 东台旅游机遇 Dongtai Tourism Opportunities 674
13、.12 东台旅游框架图 Dongtai Tourism Framework Plan 684.13 旅游活动与节目 Tourism Activities&Program 705.1 管理与营运 Management and Operation 745.2 海堤景观游线 Scenic Road Routes 745.3 特色节庆活动 Special Events and Programs 825.4 旅游信息中心 Visitor Information Centre 846.1 环境容量测算 Environmental Capacity Calculation 906.2 环境可持续发展策略 E
14、nvironmental Sustainability Strategy 916.3 灾害策略 Disaster Strategies 926.4 环境卫生策略 Environmental Sanitation Strategy 937.1 成本概算 Cost Calculation 967.2 投资来源 Investment Sources 977.3 经济效益 Ecomonic Benefits 103理念与总结VISION AND SUMMARY湿地保护与价值WETLAND VALUES AND PROTECTION生态国家公园框架规划ECO-PARK FRAMEWORK PLAN AN
15、D TOURISM PLAN生态国家公园实施策略ECO-PARK IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY旅游规划TOURISM PLANNING环境容量与管理ENVIRONMENTAL CAPACITY AND MANAGEMENT经济效益ECONOMIC BENEFITS1234567盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland Nat
16、ional Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Parkvision and summary理 念 与 总 结1盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park1.1 盐城湿地生态国家 公 园 理 念 VISION FOR THE YA N C H E N G W
17、E T L A N D E C O-PA R K盐城湿地生态国家公园的理念“打造世界著名的生态国家公园和中国最重要的的沿海天然旅游业，为盐城湿地的保护和中国乃至世界的子孙后代留下一份鲜活的遗产。生态国家公园将为人们提供从自然保护、解说教育、观光游览到享受当地文化的多元机遇，使之成为休闲、度假的理想旅游胜地。”The vision for the Yancheng Wetland Eco-Park is to:“Create a world famous Eco-Park and the most significant natural coastal tourism in China that
18、 preserves the Yancheng Wetland and creates a living legacy for future generations of China and the world.The Eco-Park will provide a diversity of opportunities for nature conservation and interpretation,sightseeing and enjoyment of local culture and a place to relax and holiday”2总体规划报告|Master Plan
19、Report3The following principles support this vision:Preservation of an internationally renowned biosphere reserve.Educate present and future generations on the value of coastal wetlands and create harmony between man and nature.Demonstrate the worlds best practice in environmentally sustainable desi
20、gn,planning,design and park management Maximize the economic benefit through tourism and local employment opportunities,strengthening the economic base of the region.Preserve promote and express local culture of Northern Jiangsu coastal culture.Promote the Yancheng Wetlands as Jiangsus natural link
21、with the world.这一理念由以下原则支持：保护世界著名的生物圈保护区；教育当代和子孙后代沿海湿地的价值，创造人与自然的和谐；展示可持续性环境设计、规划、设计以及公园管理方面世界一流的做法；通过发展旅游，解决当地就业，发挥经济效益最大化，增强区域经济基础；保护和推广苏北沿海地域的文化；宣传盐城湿地，使其作为江苏与世界的自然连接纽带。This planning study and report was prepared by EDAW.The study team included specialists in:Environmental Planning Tourism Planni
22、ng Landscape Architecture National Park Planning Transport PlanningThe study was prepared for the Yancheng Tourism Bureau between January and June 2004 and involved the following process:Initial Planning Competition (won by EDAW)Site Analysis and Workshops with Government Authorities Preparation of
23、Overall Framework and Focal Area Plans Ongoing Feedback from Client规划研究和报告的编制由易道完成。研究小组包括以下领域的专家：环境规划 旅游规划 景观建筑 国家公园规划 交通规划在盐城旅游局的牵头下，研究已于2004年1月到8月间进行，具体过程如下：初步规划竞赛（易道中标）基地分析和与政府相关部门的研讨会 编制整体框架和节点区方案 客户不断的意见反馈1.2 方 案 编 制 P R E PA R AT I O N O F T H I S P L A N盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco
24、-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park4盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-ParkThe key to t
25、he future preservation and success of the Yancheng Wetland is to create the right balance between environmental protection and sensitive tourism.This report recommends such a balance and provides the detail upon which the coastal wetlands and adjoining lands can be planned,managed and developed over
26、 the next fifteen years from 2004 to 2020.盐城湿地未来保护和成功开发的关键，在于找到环境保护和敏感旅游开发之间的平衡点。本报告针对2004到2020年15年间可规划、管理和开发的沿海湿地和相邻土地提出详细的建议，以达到最佳的平衡点。An overall framework plan has been prepared for the Yancheng Wetland Eco-Park as presented in Chapter 3 of this report based upon the following principles:To focus
27、 tourism marketing on all of the tourism attractions and opportunities in coastal Jiangsu,not just the wetlands To best utilise existing cities and town as gateways to the Eco-Park for transport access,information,promotion and accommodation To develop a consistent image and identity across the whol
28、e Eco-Park To build into the plan long term protection of the wetlandRecommendations are based upon international best practice for the following key issues:MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE Formation of one responsible authority for overall Eco-Park Management that includes representation from all responsible a
29、gencies.ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STRATEGY Establishing an improved and responsible environmental management plan for the wetlands and adjoining areas that guarantees their protection IDENTITY AND TOURISM STRATEGY The implementation of a co-ordinated identity and tourism strategy for the Yancheng Wet
30、land that ensures economic benefit and investment opportunities.本报告第三章陈述了盐城湿地生态国家公园的总体框架方案，方案规划从以下原则出发：旅游市场放眼整个江苏沿海的旅游景点和机会，不局限于湿地；利用现有城镇作为生态国家公园的“门户”，发挥交通入口、信息、市场推广和住宿功能；为整个生态国家公园开发一致的形象和个性特点；方案规划从保护湿地的长远角度出发世界其他国家在以下主要方面的最佳做法是我们提出建议的基础：管理结构 成立一个责任主体负责整体生态国家公园的管理，包括代表所有相关责任机构的职能；环境保护策略 制定一个完善的、负责任的
31、环境管理方案，确保湿地和相邻区域环境得到有效保护；个性特色与旅游策略 实施盐城湿地协调的个性特色和旅游策略，确保经济效益和投资机会。1.3 湿地保护和可持续 旅 游 WETL AND PROTE C T I O N A N D SUSTAINABLE T O U R I S M1.4 生 态 国 家 公 园 框 架 和 节 点 区 E C O-PA R K F R A M E W O R K A N D F O C A L A R E A S盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐
32、城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report5盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURIS
33、M AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Ya
34、ncheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland Nati
35、onal Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游
36、区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park园中三区 Three Areas Within a Park盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM
37、 AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report7wetland values and protection2湿地价值和保护8盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetlan
38、d National Eco-Park2.1 创造人 与 自 然 的 和 谐 CREAT I N G H A R M O N Y B E T W E E N N AT U R E A N D M A NThe Yancheng coastline is a complex and sensitive zone with recognised global values.The biggest threat to the wetland is the decisions and activities of man.This study aims to achieve the right bala
39、nce between nature and man that:Protects and nurtures the wetland in perpetuity Maximises the opportunities for their appreciation by humans Allows appropriate economic benefits to the region,principally through tourism2.1.1 LAW OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON THE PROTECTION OF WILDLIFEArticle 1
40、2.If a construction project produces adverse effects on the environment for the survival of wildlife under special state or local protection,the construction unit shall submit a report on the environmental impact.The department of environmental protection shall,in examining and approving the report,
41、seek the opinion of the department of wildlife administration at the same level.Article 14.If the protection of wildlife under special state or local protection causes losses to crops or other losses,the local governments shall make compensation for them.Implications:The development of eco-tourism a
42、nd recreation facilities may require limited wetland reclamation activities,which are subject to environmental impact assessment(EIA)procedures administered by the State Environment Protection Administration(SEPA).According to“The List of Classified Management of Environmental Protection for Constru
43、ction Projects(No 17,2001),wetland reclamation activities are classified as non-pollutant construction projects,but still remain subject to the EIA process.Potential impacts to wildlife(especially rare birds and mammals)and local farmers should be prioritized in future EIA studies.2.1.2 FORESTRY LAW
44、 OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINAArticle 24.The competent department of forestry under the State Council and peoples governments of the provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government should delimit nature reserves and step up protection and administration in ty
45、pical forest ecological regions,forest regions wherein rare and precious animals and plants grow and breed.Measures for the administration of nature reserves shall be worked out by the competent department of forestry under the State Council which shall come into force upon submission to the State C
46、ouncil for approval.盐城的海岸线是一个复杂和敏感的区域，拥有全球公认的价值。对湿地最大的威胁是人的决策和活动。本研究的目的是达到人与自然的和谐平衡点：永恒地保护和滋养湿地 人类对湿地欣赏的机会最大化 主要通过旅游，达到地域内适当的经济效益2.1.1 中华人民共和国野生动物保护法第12条 建设项目对国家或者地方重点保护野生动物的生存环境产生不利影响的，建设单位应当提交环境影响报告书；环境保护部门在审批时，应当征求同级野生动物行政主管部门的意见。第14条 因保护国家和地方重点保护野主动物，造成农作物或者其他损失的，由当地政府给予补偿。补偿办法由省、自治区、直辖市政府制定。结论：
47、生态旅游和娱乐设施的开发要求有限的湿地围垦活动，以符合由国家环保总局（SEPA）负责的环境影响评估（EIA）程序。根据“建设项目环境保护分类管理清单（17，2001号）”，湿地围垦活动被列入无污染建设项目类，但仍需服从EIA程序。对野生动物(尤其是珍惜鸟类和哺乳动物)和当地农民的潜在影响应在未来的EIA研究中优先考虑。2.1.2 中华人民共和国森林法第24条 国务院林业主管部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，应当在不同自然地带的典型森林生态地区、珍贵动物和植物生长繁殖的林区、天然热带雨林和具有特殊保护价值的其他天然林区，划定自然保护区，加强保护管理。自然保护区的管理办法，由国务院林业主管部门制定
48、，报国务院批准施行。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Ma
49、ster Plan Report92.2 环 境 保 护 E N V I R O N M E N TA L P R O T E C T I O N保护盐城湿地是本项目的一个主要目标。本章节将对基地价值以及保护和管理适用的规定提出总结。A key objective of this project is to protect the Yancheng wetland.This section provides a summary of site values as well as the regulations that apply to their protection and managem
50、ent.UNIQUE WETLAND ECOSYSTEM AND NATURAL LANDSCAPEThe planning area is of great biological importance as a result of its unique coastal wetland ecosystem and habitat for migratory birds.It includes the last significant area of temperate coastal saline wetland in China,which contains a variety of hab
51、itat types including inter-tidal mudflats,tidal creeks and river channels,salt marshes,reed beds and marshy grasslands.独特的湿地生态系统和自然景观本规划区域以其独特的沿海湿地生态系统和候鸟栖息地的特点，体现生物重要性。它包括中国最重要的一块气候温和的沿海盐碱滩涂湿地，拥有多种栖息地类型，从潮汐滩涂、滩涂河流和河道、盐沼、芦苇地到沼泽地。RICH BIODIVERSITYA great diversity of flora and fauna species is found
52、in the planning area,including 43 unique and 62 endangered species.Three million birds of 20 different species migrate through the reserve.The Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve DNNR is the largest park devoted to the Pere Davids Deer in the world and contains over one quarter of the worlds populat
53、ion.The Jiangsu Yancheng National Nature Reserve YNNR is home to over half of the worlds population of Red-crown Crane during winter months.丰富的生物多样性在规划区域内发现有多种动植物物种，包括43种珍稀物种和62种濒危物种。保护区内有三百万只20多种不同的鸟类迁徙。大丰麋鹿国家自然保护区（DNNR）是世界最大的麋鹿园，拥有超过全世界四分之一数量的麋鹿。江苏盐城国家自然保护区（YNNR）则是世界上一半以上丹顶鹤越冬的家园。2.2.1 基地 价 值 总 结/
54、SUMMARY OF SITE VALUES10盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park2.2.1 基地价值总结 /SUMMARY OF SITE VALUESRECREATIONHealthy terrestrial,coastal wetland,and aquatic ecosystems,and symbolically important wildlife provide the setting for active recreation activities including:boating,swimming,fishing,sp
55、orts;and passive recreation activities such as:bird and animal viewing,walking,dinner boat cruising,scenic contemplation,and nature study.娱乐健康的陆地、沿海湿地、水上生态系统和有重要象征意义的野生动物为人们提供了一个开展各种活动的理想背景，包括动态娱乐活动，如划船、游泳、垂钓、体育运动.静态娱乐活动如鸟类和动物观赏、散步、水上晚餐之旅、欣赏风景和自然科研。AGRICULTUREThe planning area contains some of the m
56、ost productive and fertile agricultural lands in China.Numerous field crops are grown including wheat,couch grass and reeds.Aquaculture farms including fish,shrimp,and clam worm operations exist throughout the planning area.The area also contains salt farms and several commercial forests with econom
57、ically valuable trees such as Italian poplar,sequoia,locust,bamboo,ginkgo,and fruit trees.It also supports a strong marine fishing sector,which harvests a variety of fish,eel,crab,mollusk,and sea turtle species for sale in both domestic and international markets.农业规划区有一些非常肥沃的土地，农作物包括小麦、茅草和芦苇。水产业包括鱼、
58、虾和蚌的养殖。规划区域内还包括一些盐场和几个商业林场，林场内种植了大量有经济价值的树种，包括意大利杨、美洲杉、洋槐、竹子、银杏和果树。同时还有重要的捕鱼部门，为国内和世界市场提供大量海鲜，包括各种海鱼、鳗鱼、螃蟹和软体动物。EDUCATIONPublic education on wetland conservation is currently promoted via video presentations and other media sources,collaboration with local universities and colleges,and onsite exhibi
59、tion facilities.With the further development of lodging facilities and an interpretative program,combined with an organized local,national and international marketing campaign,the potential exists to increase education opportunities.教育目前湿地保护的公共教育通过广播和其他媒体资源，在当地大学和学院以及现场展览设施的协助下进行。今后，随着住宿设施的开发和科普解说计划
60、的实施，结合有组织的当地的、国家的和国外的市场推广活动，将有很大增加教育机会的潜力。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng We
61、tland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report112.2.2 REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONSUNESCO MAN AND BIOSPHERE PROGRAMThe Yancheng Biosphere Reserve was approved as an international biosphere reserve in UNESCOs Man and Biosphere(MAB)Program in 1992.As promulgated in the Statutory Framework of the World N
62、etwork of Biosphere Reserves(Statutory Framework),individual biosphere reserves remain under the sovereign jurisdiction of the States where they are situated.However,in order to remain part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves designated biospheres must satisfy the criteria contained in Articl
63、e 4 of the Statutory Framework.In particular,Article 4.4 of the Statutory Framework states that biosphere reserves should include the following functions,through appropriate zonation,recognizing:STATUTORY FRAMEWORK,ARTICLE 4.4 4.4a A legally constituted core area or areas devoted to long-term protec
64、tion,according to the conservation objectives of the biosphere reserve,and of sufficient size to meet these objectives;4.4b A buffer zone or zones clearly identified and surrounding or contiguous to the core area or areas,where only activities compatible with the conservation objectives can take pla
65、ce;4.4c An outer transition area where sustainable resource management practices are promoted and developed.RAMSAR CONVENTION ON WETLANDS The Government of China became party to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands on July 31 1992,and since then China has been obliged to implement the terms of the Conv
66、ention on her territory.The Dafeng National Nature Reserve and the Yancheng National Nature Reserve were designated as Ramsar Wetlands of International Importance in 2002.The Ramsar Convention clearly states in Article 3.1 that“the Contracting Parties shall formulate and implement their planning so
67、as to promote the conservation of the wetlands,and as far as possible the wise use of wetlands in their territory”.The wise use of wetlands has most recently been defined in the New Guidelines for Management Planning for Ramsar Sites and Other Wetlands,adopted by Resolution VIII.14(November,2002).2.
68、2.2 法规考虑联合国教科文组织人与生物圈计划盐城生物圈保护区于1992年被联合国教科文组织人与生物圈计划（MAB）批准纳入国际生物圈保护区。根据生物圈保护区法定世界框架（法定框架）的规定，各生物圈保护区在其所在国家的独立权限管理下，但为了保持生物圈保护区世界网络的部分，指定的生物圈需满足法定框架条款4的标准。具体来讲，法定框架条款4.4规定生物圈保护区应通过生物分区和认识实现以下功能：法定框架，第4.4条 4.4a 根据生物圈保护区的保护目标，并且有可以容纳这些保护目标足够的范围，成立一个合法的核心区或长期保护区域。4.4b 缓冲区，或与核心区或保护区目标活动相容的区域清晰界定和包围或邻近的
69、区域。4.4c 推广和实施可持续资源管理措施的一个外围过渡区。RAMSAR湿地公约中国政府于1992年7月31日成为Ramsar湿地公约的成员之一，从此中国政府在其领土范围内遵循公约的条款。大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区和盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区于2002年被指定为国际重要的Ramsar湿地地点。Ramsar湿地公约第3.1条款明确规定，“成员方应制定和执行旨在推广湿地保护的规划，尽可能地合理利用领土范围内的湿地。”合理利用湿地在Ramsar地点和其它湿地管理规划新指南中得到界定。12盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-ParkNew Guideline
70、s for Management Planning for Ramsar Sites and Other Wetlands Guideline 59.The application of the Biosphere Reserve zonation concept is particularly important where a site is designated as both a Ramsar site and Biosphere Reserve,and here the relationship between the Ramsar site boundary and the zon
71、ation established for the Biosphere Reserve should be clearly established.Guideline 65i.Zonation should be established with the full involvement of stakeholders,including local communities and indigenous peoples;Guideline 65iii.A concise description of the functions and/or restrictions applied withi
72、n each zone must be prepared as part of the management plan;Guideline 65v.A map showing the boundaries of all zones must be prepared.REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINAThe Jiangsu Yancheng National Rare Birds Nature Reserve YNNR and the Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve DNNR are national
73、nature reserves,approved by Chinas State Council.The two reserves differ in their administrative organization and management.DMNNR is controlled by the State Forestry Administration(SFA),while YNNR falls under the State Environmental Protection Agency(SEPA).Both reserves must comply with the nationa
74、lly promulgated Regulations of the Peoples Republic of China on Nature Reserves.REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON NATURE RESERVES(NEPA,1994)Article 14.The range and the boundaries of a nature reserve should be determined by the peoples government responsible for the approval of its ini
75、tial establishment,who shall indicate the boundaries of the reserve and announce it to the public.Article 18.A nature reserve consists of three parts,the core area,buffer zone,and experimental zone.The intact ecosystems within a reserve and the areas where rare and endangered animals and plants are
76、concentrated should be included in the core area,where no unit or individual is allowed to enter.Certain amount of area surrounding the core area can be designated as the buffer zone,where only scientific observations and other research activities are allowed.The area surrounding the buffer zone can
77、 be designated as the experimental zone,where people may enter for various activities such as scientific experiment,educational practice,visit and investigation,tourism,and the domestication and breeding of rare and endangered wild species.Article 28.Tourism,production and trading activities are pro
78、hibited in the buffer zone of nature reserves.Ramsar地点和其它湿地管理规划新指南 指南59 生物圈保护区的生物分区概念在被指定为Ramsar地点和生物圈保护区的地方尤为重要，在这样的地方Ramsar地点边界和建立生物圈保护区生物分区间应建立清晰的关系。指南65i 生物分区的建立应在股东，包括当地社区的和本地人的完全参与下建立。指南65iii 各分区内的功能和/或限制必须在管理计划中简明、扼要地阐述。指南65v 必须有显示所有分区边界的地图中华人民共和国法规江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区（YNNR）和大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区（DNNR）是由中国国
79、务院批准设立的国家级自然保护区。两个自然保护区在行政组织机构和管理上有所不同。DNNR是由国家林业部（SFA）管理，而YNNR受国家环保总局（SEPA）的管理。但两个自然保护区都必须遵守中华人民共和国自然保护区条例。中华人民共和国自然保护区条例(NEPA,1994）第14条 自然保护区的范围和界线由批准建立自然保护区的人民政府确定，并标明区界，予以公告。第18条 自然保护区可以分为核心区、缓冲区和实验区。自然保护区内保存完好的天然状态的生态系统以及珍稀、濒危动植物的集中分布地，应当划为核心区，禁止任何单位和个人进入；除依照本条例第一十七条的规定经批准外，也不允许进入从事科学研究活动。核心区外围
80、可以划定一定面积的缓冲区，只准进入从事科学研究观测活动。缓冲区外围划为实验区，可以进入从事科学试验、教学实习、参观考察、旅游以及驯化、繁殖珍稀、濒危野生动植物等活动。第28条 禁止在自然保护区的缓冲区开展旅游和生产经营活动。因教学科研的目的，需要进入自然保护区的缓冲区从事非破坏性的科学研究、教学实习和标本采集活动的，应当事先向自然保护区管理机构提交申请和活动计划，经自然保护区管理机构批准。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland
81、National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report13JIANGSU YANCHENG NATIONAL RARE BIRDS NATURE RESERVE(YNNR)Municipal regulations applicable to YNN
82、R include:“The Decision on Defining the Zone Range of Jiangsu Yancheng Rare Birds National Nature Reserve(YNNR)”Yancheng Municipal Government,Yan-Zhen-Fa No.167.,1985 All coastal marshes under Yancheng Municipalitys jurisdiction,which are habitats for rare migrant birds and other wild animals for wi
83、ntering and breeding,are components of the reserve.The reserves core area is defined as the 1950s sea dyke for the western boundary;seashore line with a depth of minus three meters for the eastern boundary;the Dou-long-gang River for the southern boundary and Xin-yang-gang River for the northern bou
84、ndary.Total area of 17,400 hectares.Any production and commercial activities which may produce adverse impacts on protected rare animals are prohibited.Harvesting natural grasses within the core area to protect the ecological environment is banned;all harvesting activities within the core area are p
85、rohibited between October of one year and March of the next year,during the birds over-wintering period;the small area of reeds cultivated within the core area before the reserve was established can continue to be harvested by the owners.However,cutting should be finished by the end of November when
86、 the wintering birds come.江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区（YNNR）YNNR适用的地方性规定如下：盐城市政府“关于江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区（YNNR）分区范围界定的决定”，盐政发167号文，1985 所有盐城市管辖范围内的沿海湿地，即珍稀候鸟和其他野生动物越冬和繁殖的栖息地，都是保护区的组成部分。保护区核心区西起50年代的海堤，东至海岸线至少3米深的地方，南边以斗龙河为界，北至新洋港河，总面积为17,400公顷。禁止任何对珍稀保护动物造成不利影响的生产和商业活动。禁止在核心区内收割天然茅草，以保护生态环境；在每年十月到次年3月鸟类越冬期间，禁止所有核心区内的收割行为
87、；在保护区建立之前种植在核心区内的小片芦苇地仍然允许所有人收割，但收割应在11月底鸟类来越冬之前完成。14盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-ParkThe Management Rules of Jiangsu Yancheng Region Coastal Marsh Rare Birds National Nature Reserve,Yangcheng Municipal Government,Yang-Zhen-Ban-Fa No.49.,1988 The following activities are strictly banned
88、in the core zone of the reserve:hunting;collecting birds eggs and breaking birds nests;grazing livestock;catching fish and shrimps;establishing any kind of aquaculture farm;harvesting natural grasses;and through traffic of either vehicles or people.In principle,any production or commercial activity
89、shall not be allowed in the core zone.However,if any such activities become necessary in order to develop the natural resources in the core zone,these will be subject to assessment by experts,co-agreed by Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau,Yancheng Municipal Government(YMG),and finally appro
90、ved by YMG.There must be a binding promise that the development will have no adverse impacts on the habitats or breeding grounds of rare birds.In relation to the traditional customs and livelihoods of local people near the core zone,some of them will be allowed to collect small crabs and shellfishes
91、 from within the core zone.However these activities should be registered,certified,and participants should pay resource compensation fees.Visitors to the core area should follow designated routing,should pay attention to environmental protection,and should pay admission fees.The public record indica
92、tes that only a legal boundary for the YNNRs core zone has been defined.The Decision on Defining the Zone Range of Jiangsu Yancheng Rare Birds National Nature Reserve,Yancheng Municipal Government;Yan-Zhen-Fa No.167;1985 defines the range for the core boundary as the 1950s sea dyke for the western b
93、oundary;seashore line with a depth of minus three meters for the eastern boundary;the Dou-long-gang River for the southern boundary and Xin-yang-gang River for the northern boundary.This gives an area of 17,400 ha for the above-tidal and inter-tidal lands.The core zone is located in the border area
94、between Sheyang County and Dafeng City.江苏盐城地区沿海湿地国家级珍禽自然保护区管理规定，盐城市政府，盐政办发49号文，1988 保护区核心区内严禁以下行为：狩猎、捡鸟蛋、挖鸟巢；放养家禽；捕鱼虾；建立任何类型的水产养殖场；收割天然茅草；以及无论是车辆还是行人的交通穿行。原则上，核心区内不允许有任何生产和商业活动。但核心区内对自然资源发展有必要的活动，经专家评估，省环保局和盐城市政府（YMG）同意，最终获盐城市府批准可以建立，但必须签订约束性承诺，保证开发项目对珍稀鸟类的栖息地和繁殖地没有不利影响。考虑到核心区附近当地居民的传统习惯和谋生方式，可以允许部分
95、居民从核心区内捡螃蟹和贝类。但需对这些活动进行登记，发证，参与者需支付资源补偿费。进入核心区内的游客需按照指定路线，注意保护环境，并支付管理费。公文中仅对YNNR核心区的法定边界进行了界定。关于江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区（YNNR）分区范围界定的决定，盐城市政府；盐政发167号文，1985定义的核心区范围西起50年代的海堤，东至海岸线至少3米深的地方，南边以斗龙河为界，北至新洋港河，总面积包括潮上和潮间地17,400公顷。核心区位于射阳县和大丰市之间的边界区。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOU
96、RISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report15DAFENG MILU NATIONAL NATURE RESERVE(DNNR)Municipal regulati
97、ons applicable to DNNR include:“Management Roles of DMNNR”.Dafeng City Government Da-Zhen-fa No.121,2000 Article 2.The whole area of DMNNR is 78,000 ha,of which 2,668 ha is core zone,2,220 ha is buffer zone and 73,112 ha is experiment zone.Article 4.DMNNRs main duties are:to propagate the State laws
98、,regulations,strategies and policies on nature conservation;and to protect the physical environment and natural resources inside of the reserve,According to the Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve Master Plan,the DFMNNR has an area of 78,000 ha that includes a core area of 2,668 ha,a buffer zone of
99、2,220 ha and an experimental area of 73,112 ha.The reserve only has land tenure over the core zone,大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区（DNNR）DNNR适用的地方性规定如下“DMNNR管理角色”，大丰市政府，大政发121号，2000年 第2条DMNNR整个区域有78,000公顷，其中2,668公顷为核心区，2,220公顷为缓冲区，73,112公顷为实验区。第4条DMNNR的主要职责是：宣传国家在自然保护方面的法律、规定、策略和政策；保护保护区内的环境和自然资源。根据大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区总体规划，DMN
100、NR占地78,000公顷，包括2,668公顷核心区，2,220公顷缓冲区和73,112公顷的实验区。保护区对核心区仅拥有土地使用权。16盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park2.2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL RECOMMENDATIONSNATURE RESERVE ZONINGThe Jiangsu Yancheng National Rare Birds Nature Reserve YNNR has multiple designations and figures for the reserves zoning area.Acc
101、ording to UNESCO,the zoning within the Yancheng Man&Biosphere is:Core area 17,400 haBuffer zone 36,700 haExperimental zone 225,900 haTotal Area 280,000 ha Meanwhile,according to the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance,the Yancheng National Nature Reserve contains a total area of 453,
102、000 ha.The core area(17,400 ha)designated by UNESCO corresponds with the core area defined in the“The Decision on Defining the Zone Range of Jiangsu Yancheng Rare Birds National Nature Reserve(YNNR)”However,the core zone is listed as 13,800 ha in Yancheng Reserves Comprehensive Plan.International,na
103、tional,and local zoning and use regulations applicable to the YNNR and DNNR are inconsistent and conflict with current uses and management practices.Similarly,in the YNNR thousands hectares of marshes have been reclaimed in the core,buffer,and experimental zones.In Dafeng City alone,15,000 ha were r
104、eclaimed between 1997 and 2000.RECOMMENDATIONAs referred to in the New Guidelines for Management Planning for Ramsar Sites and Other Wetlands,another approach to nature reserve zoning,and one that is not mutually exclusive to the core/buffer zoning approach,is that of establishing zoning for a parti
105、cular use of a site.An example could be the use and development of a wetland for ecotourism.Here zoning would be used to establish in which parts of a site ecotourism access can occur,where ecotourism infrastructure should be placed,and from which parts of a site ecotourism should be excluded owing
106、to the sensitivity of those parts of the ecosystem to disturbance.Such zoning schemes will generally cut across the core and buffer zones.As part of EDAWs ecotourism planning strategy,the size,shape,and corresponding uses of each zone in the YNNR and DNNR will be modified(and clearly mapped)to accom
107、modate the approved eco-park master plan,while maintaining the total area of the original protected core areas.Tourism developments recommended in the eco-park master plan will comply with international design practices and sustainability guidelines to minimize potential adverse impacts to critical
108、habitat.2.2.3 环境推荐自然保护区划分江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区（YNNR）的保护区分区面积有多种名称和数字。根据联合国教科文组织的数据，盐城人与生物圈范围内的分区为：核心区 17,400公顷缓冲区 36,700公顷实验区 225,900公顷总面积 280,000公顷与此同时，根据国际重要的Ramsar湿地名录，盐城国家自然保护区拥有453,000公顷的总面积。联合国教科文组织指定的核心区（17,400公顷）与“关于江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区分区范围界定的决定”定义的核心区一致，但在盐城保护区总平面图上显示的核心区面积为13,800公顷。YNNR和DNNR在国际的，国家的以及当
109、地的分区和适用法规相互矛盾，并且与目前使用和管理做法相冲突。同样，在YNNR的核心区、缓冲区和实验区内有数千公顷的沼泽被开垦。单单大丰市在1997年到2000年间就开垦了15,000公顷。建议根据Ramsar地点和其它湿地管理规划新指南，另一种自然保护区分区方式，与“核心区/缓冲区”方法互不排他的方法，是为实现基地特定用途而建立的分区。湿地作为生态旅游的运用和开发可以成为这一方法的例子。这样可以在基地生态旅游入口处，可以设立生态旅游基础设施的地方，和由于生态系统的敏感性而不应包含在生态旅游范围内的部分以外的区域建立分区。这些分区方案大部分将穿过核心区和缓冲区。作为易道的生态旅游规划策略的组成部
110、分，YNNR和DNNR各区的大小、形状和相对应的使用都将进行调整（并在地图上清晰标注），以满足批准的湿地生态国家公园总平面。湿地生态国家公园总平面图中建议的旅游开发将遵循国际设计做法和可持续性指南，将对重要栖息地的不利因素降到最低。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland Nation
111、al Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report172.2.4 COMPATIBILITY OF MAJOR PLANNED PROJECTS WITH ECO-PARKDAFENG PORT DEVELOPMENTDuring EDAWs site analysis the client provided a tour and presentation of the Dafeng Port Indu
112、strial Park,which is currently under construction.The proposed eight square kilometre industrial park complex includes ancillary commercial and residential zones in addition to the principle container port facilities.The current plan also includes designated areas for petrochemical processing,storag
113、e and distribution.Local environmental agencies have collected water quality data from the Xinyang Port and Doulong Port,located at the border of the Jiangsu Yancheng Rare Bird Natural Reserves core zone.Data collected include field parameters for pH;dissolved oxygen;hydrocarbons;nutrient content(to
114、tal ammonia,nitrate and nitrite);and metal content(aluminum,cadmium,and mercury).HARBOUR REDEVELOPMENTThe proposed harbour redevelopment in Sheyang County will involve the following:Reformation and centralising areas of the current harbour Upgrading to include improved facilities for restaurants,sea
115、food markets and tourism activitiesThis redevelopment would be of significant benefit to the Eco-Park in tourism terms.No Major environmental threats are likelyPlanned development sites within Sheyang county several development sites are approved or planned within Shayang County.These will provide l
116、ocal economic benefit and,appropriately designed and constructed,should have no detrimental environmental impacts.2.2.4 主要规划项目与生态国家公园的兼容性大丰港开发易道基地分析踏勘过程中，参观了大丰港，并听了在建的大丰港工业园规划介绍。规划的8个平方公里的工业园除了主要的集装箱港口设施外还包括辅助的商业和住宅区。目前的方案中也包括石化产品的处理和储运。当地环境机构从位于江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区核心区的新洋港和斗龙港采集了水质资料，具体包括PH参数；溶解氧；碳氢化合物；营养
117、物含量（氨、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐总量）；和金属含量（铝、镉和汞）。资料显示目前的水质为IV级，国家废水水质标准，定义为不适合人类接触或使用的水质。石油类污染物是制约水质改善的主要因素。港口再开发射阳县的规划港口再开发项目将涉及：目前港区的改建和集中化 包括改善餐馆、海鲜市场和旅游活动的改造这些再开发项目对生态国家公园旅游方面是有重要意义的，对环境也无重大危害。在射阳县内的规划开发基地，有几个已在射阳县内批准或规划。这些项目有可能会设计或建造，并为当地提供经济效益，对环境也无不利影响。18盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park2.3.1 COURA
118、N COVE,AUSTRALIA Couran Cove Resort is a highly successful world class luxury resort development.The resort occupies 150 hectares and contains 190 apartments,50 lodges,25 villas,300 forest eco-cabins,hotel complex,convention centre,gymnasium,environmental interpretative and research centre,and trail
119、s and bikeways.The remainder of the island has been dedicated as an environment park.EDAW were the project landscape architects.The resort is located on the ecologically important and sensitive South Stradbroke Island,located on the eastern coast of Australia with ocean beaches,dunes,rainforest,lake
120、s and mangroves.2.3.1 COURAN COVE,澳大利亚Couran Cove度假区是世界级的成功的豪华度假区开发项目。度假区占地150公顷，包含有190所公寓，50所旅馆，25栋别墅，300所森林小屋，酒店，会议中心，健身房，环境解说和研究中心，以及步行道和自行车道。岛的其他部分被保留为环境公园。易道公司进行了这个项目的景观设计。这个度假区坐落在兼具生态重要性和敏感性的澳大利亚东海岸的Stradbroke南岛上，岛上有海滩、沙丘、湖泊和红树林。The resort was designed using best practice environmentally susta
121、inable criteria and is a world leader in environmentally sound and ecologically sustainable design,management and operations.Special features include:Extensive consultation with government,local people to gain support Ecological surveys to characterize the environmental resources Creation of an envi
122、ronmental management plan based upon a compilation and interpretation of the ecological surveys Incorporation of environmentally sustainable design features and construction practices including:water management,energy saving,waste management,whole life cycle assessment Minimization of human impact S
123、ewage-world best practice collection,treatment and disposal system with treated effluent re-used for compost,organic waste used for worm farming Energy-supplemented by wind turbines Buildings-on piers for minimal disturbance of habitat,materials reflect environment Rainwater-collected from roofs,cle
124、ansed through natural systems and reused Building materials-used resources from sustainable and recycled systems度假区的设计采取了最佳的环境可持续性实践标准，是环境领域和生态可持续性设计，管理和操作的世界领导者。特点包括：对政府和当地人广泛的咨询以获取支持 生态考察以突出环境资源的特色 在生态调查的编辑和说明的基础上创造环境管理计划 环境可持续性设计特色与施工实践的结合，包括水管理，能源节约，废弃物管理和生物圈评估.减少人对环境的影响 世界一流的污水收集、处理和循环系统，将处理过的污
125、水用于施肥和有机废物用于昆虫农场 风轮能量 建筑设于码头，对栖息地形成最小干扰,材料的使用是对环境的呼应.屋顶雨水收集，经过自然系统纯净并再次利用。实用耐久和可循环的建筑材料 2.3 实例研 讨 BEST P R A C T I C E C A S E S T U D I E S盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园
126、?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report1920盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park2.3.2 FRASER ISLAND,AUSTRALIAFraser Island is a World Heritage site that stretches over 120 km(184,000 ha
127、)along the eastern coast of Australia with ocean beaches,rainforest,lakes and mangroves.It has World Heritage status because it is the largest sand island in the world containing coastal dune formations and as such contains unique and diverse flora and fauna including over 350 species of birds and i
128、s an important stopover for migratory birds.EDAW was commissioned by the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service to provide much needed data on existing visitor use of the Island and to establish desired sustainable capacities upon which management could be based.In addition,the study aimed to establi
129、sh a simple and repeatable methodology for determining desired visitor capacities in natural areas.EDAW was also commissioned to develop the camping strategy for over thirty campgrounds on the Island.Close consultation and accurate in-field investigation provided a highly detailed and comprehensive
130、plan complete with site layouts,recommended improvements,cost estimates,and the identification of priorities.2.3.2 FRASER 岛,澳大利亚Fraser岛是世界遗产之一。位于澳洲东海岸，长达120公里(184,000 公顷),拥有海滩,雨林,湖泊和红树林。它获得世界遗产称号是因为它拥有世界上最大的包含海岸沙丘形成的沙岛,同时拥有多种独特的动植物,350多种鸟类,同时作为候鸟迁移的重要中转站。易道公司受昆士兰公园和野生动物局委托，提供大量所需的此岛现有游客实用数据,建立可作为管理基
131、础的理想的“持久”容量。除此以外,研究的目的还在于建立一套简单实用性强的预测自然地区游客容量的方法。易道同时被委托在岛上三十多处野营地开发野营策略。通过精密的咨询和精确的实地考察提供了由基地规划设计,改进措施建议,成本预算和优先权明确组成的详细易懂的综合规划。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng
132、Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report2122盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park2.3.3 BOONDALL WETLANDS,AUSTRALIASimilar to the Yancheng and Dafeng reserves,this is a Ramsar wetland of 730 ha loc
133、ated on the coast within suburban Brisbane(1.2 million people).The area was disused and had become a dumping ground,thus it was not an inviting or visually attractive place to visit.EDAW prepared a management plan with guidelines for the development of the eco-park.Several precincts were created,eac
134、h with a different focus:An Environmental Interpretation and Visitor Centre located at the entrance.Bikeways and walking trails radiate out from the visitor centre in a loop,passing through several different habitat zones.Boardwalks are provided across the mudflats to provide access to the beach and
135、 a bird viewing hide,while reducing the damage to the wetland from people walking across the delicate wetland plants.Interpretative signs are provided so that visitors learn about the different habitats and history.An Environmental Education Centre associated with the Queensland Education Department
136、 is located at the opposite end of the reserve.The largest zone was left natural to support the sustainability of the wetland.Marketing promotion of the eco-park has resulted in high visitation,raised the public profile,and changed public perception of the wetlands.The Boondall Wetlands Eco-Park is
137、now highly valued and visited by local residents and tourists alike.2.3.3 澳大利亚,BOONDALL湿地与盐城大丰保护区相似，这是坐落在布利斯班（一百二十万人口）郊区的占地730公顷的Ramsar湿地。这个地区成为一个倾销场地，因此这不是一个有吸引力的游览地点。易道准备了一份以生态公园开发为指导方针的管理计划。在湿地内设计了几个不同用途的重点区域：在入口处建立一个环境说明和游客中心。从游客中心向外建立辐射状自行车道和行人走道，贯穿不同的栖息区。穿过泥滩的步道提供了到达海滩和观鸟点的通道，减低了人们步行穿过湿地时对脆弱的沼
138、泽植物的损害。保留区的另一端坐落着一座玉昆士兰教育部合办的环境教育中心 最大的地区保持自然状态以维护湿地的环境持久性.市场活动带来了高造访，提高了公众印象，改变了公众对湿地的理解。Boondall湿地生态公园现在受到了高度的评价，并接待当地居民和游客的来访。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng W
139、etland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report232.3.4 CONCORDIA RESORT,ST.JOHN,VIRGIN ISLANDSEstate Concordia is a proposed private eco-resort development adjacent to Virgin Islands National Park.The first phase
140、 of the development included detached units and a village centre with a store,restaurant and conference pavilions.EDAW developed a concept plan and sustainable design guidelines that put into practice at Estate Concordia and at other private developments adjacent to national parks and similar sensit
141、ive natural settings.The planning team and owner sought to define a new type of resort to make the connection between personal independence and responsible,sensitive living in the natural environment;where guests experience the natural beauty of the setting relatively unimpaired,and learn about sust
142、ainable practices.2.3.4 维吉岛，圣约翰肯考迪娅度假区肯考迪娅是临近维吉岛国家公园的私人生态度假区开发提议。发展的第一阶段包括独立的单元，和有着商店，饭店的村中心和一个会议亭。易道开发了一个概念性设计和设计指导方针，并将之运用于 肯考迪娅及其它邻近国家公园的私人开发项目和相似的敏感自然背景中。设计团队和业主尝试着去定义一种新型的度假区。将私人的独立与自然环境的责任敏感生活相结合。在这里客人可在享受相对原始的自然之美的同时学习实践。2.3.5 WUXI,CHINAWuxi is a major Chinese city located on a key lake syste
143、m.The lake system was polluted and needed to be cleaned up and developed before becoming a tourism focus.The goal was to establish a world-class tourism destination with a park,nature,and urban facilities.Nearby Tu Hu was to remain natural with passive recreation,relaxation,scenic,history and natura
144、l values showcased.The vision was to clean up the lake;make tourists want to stay;promote diversity of active,exciting and sustainable land uses,create a more stable economic base,improve access,and create an identity for the eco-tourism development.EDAWs environmental management strategy included:r
145、emoval of effluent discharge improve circulation systems-implement integrated transport management design and implement ecological approach design and manage land-based environmental controls implement continuing management techniques implement best construction practices implement regional-based pl
146、anning for water quality and biological diversity The tourism strategy focused on the regional market to create a major tourism centre on the lake,attract key anchors to tourism,develop an inventory of supporting facilities,create links with other tourist venues,and designate tourist drives and magn
147、ets.2.3.5 中国无锡无锡市是坐落于太湖湖区的中国重要城市之一。湖区已经受到污染,在被开发成为旅游热点之前需要清理。目标是建立一座包括公园,自然,城市设施的世界级的旅游点。太湖附近被保留在天然状态,有着被动娱乐,放松,风景,历史和自然价值陈列。目标是清理太湖，使游客愿意停留。开发多种积极的,令人兴奋的，持久的土地应用，创造更稳定经济基础，改进途径,为生态发展创造个性。易道环境管理策略包括:切断污水排泄 改进循环系统-实现综合交通管理 生态方法的设计和实现 设计和管理以土地为主的环境控制 实现持续管理技术 实现最佳建设实践 实现地区性水质计划和生物多样性 旅游策略的重点放在区域性市场，在湖
148、上创造一个主要的旅游中心以吸引游客，开发附属设施，与其它旅游点建立连接，24盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRA
149、NE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report25tourism planning3旅 游 规 划26盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park3.1.1 CHINA TOURISM CONTEXTNATIONAL TOURISM POLICYThis project has been framed within the broad guidelines established by the China Nation
150、al Tourism Administration and aims to maximise the following tourism policy objectives:ECONOMIC IMPERATIVE by using tourism initiatives to stimulate and support local economic growth BASED ON A BLEND OF CHINESE UNIQUENESS International Best Practice-by ensuring that tourist nodes are sensitively loc
151、ated in the landscape,are culturally appropriate,and incorporate world best practice design and quality considerations REFORM AND OPENNESS by developing a tourism strategy that is understood and accepted by all stakeholders so that commitment to implementation is high PROMOTE TOURISM INDUSTRY by mak
152、ing recommendations regarding the presentation and marketing of the tourism attractions to be developed within the Eco-Park GOVERNMENT LED by working in partnership with government and municipal authorities to develop the Eco-Park LARGE SCALE PROGRAMS by looking to maximize the tourism development p
153、otential of focal nodes within the Eco-Park and adjacent areas Sustainable Development by making sure that the footprint of proposed tourism developments will not adversely impact significant environmental,social,cultural and visual values or detract from the opportunities for future generations LAW
154、FUL COMPLIANCE by ensuring that proposed tourism development comply with government policy and planning scheme requirements,particularly those that relate to the protected areas3.1 中国旅 游 背 景 C H I N A T O U R I S M C O N T E X T3.1.1 中国旅游背景国家旅游政策本项目已被纳入中国国家旅游管理局指南框架中，最大限度实现以下的旅游政策目标：经济需要 使用旅游主动性，刺激和
155、支持当地的经济增长 在交融了中国独特性和国际最佳做法的基础上 保证旅游节点敏感地位于景观背景内，体现恰当的文化，并与国际上一流设计做法和品质考虑相结合。改革与开放 所有利益方都理解和接受的旅游策略，许诺实施度高 推广旅游业 生态国家公园范围内将开发的旅游景点的介绍和市场推广，进行推荐 政府领导 与政府和相关主管部门的协作，开发生态国家公园 大尺度计划 着眼最大化发挥生态国家公园内节点区和相邻区域的旅游开发潜力 可持续发展 确保规划旅游开发项目的平面布局对环境重要性、社会、文化和视觉价值无不利影响或减损后代开发的机会 合法 确保规划旅游开发项目符合政府政策规定和规划方案要求，尤其那些与保护区域相
156、关的。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Pl
157、an Report27NATURAL ATTRACTIONS OF WORLD SIGNIFICANCEThe following natural attractions within the Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park are of recognised world significance and will draw tourists to the area:Ability to view rare or endangered species such as the Red Crown Crane and the Milu Deer,and 23
158、other endangered species Internationally and nationally recognised wetland habitats comprising the most extensive wetland area in China Part of the Asia-Pacific migratory bird network where over 350 species of birds can be viewedIn recognition of these outstanding natural wetland and wildlife values
159、,the area has been given World Biosphere Reserve Status.WORLD/NATIONAL ISSUES LIKELY TO AFFECT TOURIST DEMANDRecent history has demonstrated that local tourism can be affected dramatically by world events.The following opportunities and constraints need to be taken into consideration when investing
160、in local tourism development programmes:China entering the World Trade Organisation Relaxation of Chinese Visa entry requirements Relaxation of internal travel restrictions for domestic travellers Increasing domestic income and the proportion of disposable income The 2008 Beijing Olympics The 2010 S
161、hanghai World Expo World terrorism activity,particularly involving aircraft SARS and other contagious diseases Regional tensions/conflicts(for example North Korea and Taiwan)National Context盐城湿地生态国家公园 Yancheng Wetland Eco-Park 东沙群岛 Dongsha Qundao 海南岛 Hainan Island 台湾 Taiwan施耐庵纪念馆 施耐庵纪念馆|ShiNaiAn Mem
162、orial Hall世界重要的自然景点盐城湿地生态国家公园内的下列自然景点被公认为具有世界重要意义，能够吸引游客的区域：观赏珍稀或濒危物种的能力，如丹顶鹤、麋鹿和其它23种濒临灭绝的物种。国际、国内公认的湿地栖息地，包含中国最大面积的湿地。亚太候鸟迁徙网络的组成部分，可以看到350多种鸟类。由于这些重要的天然湿地和野生动物的价值，区域在世界生物圈保护区也占有一席之地。可能影响旅游需求的世界/国家活动最近的历史都证明了世界大事可以对当地的旅游产生戏剧化的影响。以下的机遇与限制需在投资当地旅游开发项目时充分考虑：中国加入世界贸易组织 中国签证入境要求的放松 国际旅游对国内游客的限制的松动 国内收入
163、和可支配收入的增加 北京2008年奥运会 上海2010年世博会 世界恐怖主义行动，特别对航空的影响 非典和其他传染性疾病 地区压力/冲突（如北朝鲜和台湾）28盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-ParkLIKELY CURRENT AND PROJECTED DEMANDThe Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park is currently marketed as a series of individual Parks and lacks coordination in a targeted marketing c
164、ampaign.Little tourism marketing information about the region or the Eco-Park is found in regional tourism centres such as Shanghai or in tourist hotels.Thus it is not surprising that the level of current tourist awareness of the area is limited.Consequently the number of international visitors curr
165、ently coming to the area is very low,with the greatest number of visitors coming from cities and towns in the Yangtze Delta.Tourist DemandInternationalDomestic(China)WorldEast AsiaNationalRegionalLocalCurrentVery lowVery LowVery LowLowModeratePrecise growth predictions are difficult for the followin
166、g reasons.The vast majority of current visitors are said to come from elsewhere in the Province or from major cities such as Shanghai or Nanjing There is limited data available on visitation to the Eco-Park.Dafeng Wildlife Park is said to have an annual visitation of about 180,000 visitors while the
167、 Red Crown Crane Reserve is said to have an annual visitation of about 40,000 visitors per year.With a targeted tourism marketing campaign and quality tourism facilities within and adjacent to the Eco-Park,there is considerable potential for tourism growth as indicated in the table below.Projected D
168、emandInternationalDomestic(China)WorldEast AsiaNationalRegionalLocalProjected low LowModerateVery HighHighWhen considering future tourism demand within the Yancheng Wetlands National Eco-Park,it should be remembered that:The tourism product must be different to that provided from competing destinati
169、ons elsewhere in the region The tourism facilities must be of high-quality and maintained and managed to provide memorable visitors experiences that ensure satisfied visitors who recommend the area to their friends and relatives目前的和计划的需求盐城湿地生态国家公园目前的市场定位是一系列独立的公园，在目标市场竞争中缺乏协作。在地区旅游中心，如上海或旅游酒店，很难找到该地
170、区或生态公园方面的旅游市场推广信息。因此目前知道本区域的旅客数量水平很有限不足为奇。同样，目前国际游客数量也很低。而且大部分游客来自长江三角洲地区的城镇。旅游需求国际国内(中国)世界东亚全国地区当地目前很低很低很低低中等由于以下原因，精确地预测增长有难度。据悉，目前大部分的游客来自江苏省内其他的城市，或周边的大城市，如上海和南京。生态国家公园目前缺乏游客统计数据。据介绍，大丰麋鹿园每年接待大约180,000游客，丹顶鹤保护区每年接待约40,000游客。由于目标旅游市场推广竞争和生态国家公园临近区域的高品质旅游设施，将带来非常可观的旅游增长潜力，见下表：计划需求国际国内(中国)世界东亚全国地区当
171、地计划低低中等很高高在考虑盐城湿地生态国家公园未来的旅游需求时，不要忘记：旅游产品必须与地区内其他竞争目的地的有所不同；旅游设施必须维护、管理，以保证其高品质性，能为游客留下深刻的印象，使游客满意而归并向他们的亲戚朋友推荐。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National E
172、co-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report29 The wildlife values of the Eco-Park are mainly attractive to a small proportion of visitors who are bird or wildlife enthusiasts.The supporting landscape,cultural and historic val
173、ues are not sufficiently outstanding to make the Eco-Park a destination in itself to visitors,except as part of a bigger tourist destination or package It is anticipated that the main domestic markets will come from residents and expatriates living in Shanghai,Nanjing and other large cities in the Y
174、angtze Delta,seeking to escape the pressures of urban living or for environmental education reasons.There will always be a high demand from educational groups and from friends and relatives visiting with local people.POTENTIAL TOURISM MARKETS OVER TIMEMarket2004200520102020Local(Jiangsu Province)Reg
175、ional(Shanghai and Nanjing)National(elsewhere in China)InternationalCHANGES TO MAJOR INFRASTRUCTUREThere are a number of major infrastructure developments currently underway in the region that will directly affect the ease with which tourists can visit the area,namely:Designation of the Yangtze Delt
176、a as an Economic Development Zone has,and will continue to attract major economic investment in infrastructure such as roads,rail,ports,industry,new cities etc.Such activities attract government officials,business people and workers to the area,many of whom will have an interest in visiting the Eco-
177、Park Completion of the new coastal motorway will significantly reduce travel times from other cities such as Shanghai and make the area attractive for full-day and overnight stays Hotel accommodation in adjacent cities appears to be adequate to service tourists currently wanting to visit the Eco-Par
178、k.In the long-term,there will be a need to develop a range of tourism accommodation facilities geared to the various types of tourists attracted to the area.There appears to be a lack of local tour operators to service tourist hotels and provide comfortable,convenient transport to the Eco-Park and o
179、ther surrounding attractions There is an extensive local bus service linking local towns to the wider region.However these bus services would not be suitable for most tourists,except backpackers,because they are not air-conditioned,they do not travel directly to the attractions,nor do they provide t
180、our guides or commentary The local road network is poorly signposted,cluttered with a variety of people,pushbikes,agricultural vehicles,trucks,cars and buses,and thus not ideal as a scenic route for tourist coaches that operate on a tight schedule.生态国家公园内野生动物的价值对一小部分鸟类或野生动物爱好者有很大的吸引力。生态国家公园相关的景观、文化和
181、历史价值并不足以使其成为旅游目的地，除非使生态国家公园成为一个更大的旅游目的地或组合的一部分。预测国内主要的市场将定位在上海、南京和长江三角洲其他大城市的居民和定居在这些地方的外国人。他们寻求一种远离城市生活压力的地方，或出于环境教育目的。教育团体和来当地走亲访友的人群将始终是主要游客群。潜在旅游市场变化市场2004200520102020当地(江苏省)地区(上海和南京)全国(国内其他地方)国际主要基础设施改造地区范围内目前有几个正在实施的大型基础设施开发项目，它们将直接影响游客来本区域旅游的舒适度，也就是说：将长江三角洲定位为经济开发区，将继续吸引基础设施方面主要的经济投资，包括道路、铁路、
182、港口、工业和新城市等。随之带来的是吸引大量的政府官员、商人和职员来生态国家公园旅游。沿海高速公路的建成将有效缩短从其他城市，如上海到旅游区的时间，使其成为一日游或过夜旅游的目的地。相邻城市的住宿设施足以满足目前生态国家公园游客的需求。但长远来看，还需要开发一系列适合本区域不同类型旅客的旅游住宿设施。目前似乎缺乏当地的包价旅游团，组织旅游酒店住宿，提供去生态公园和周边景点舒适和方便的交通。当地目前有很多连接县城和其他地方的中巴车服务，但这些中巴车对绝大多数游客并不适合，只适合背包徒步旅游族。一方面是因为没有空调设备，另一方面是因为不直接到景点，也没有旅游导游或解说。当地路网的路标不完善，交通状况
183、经常被穿梭的人群，推自行车的人，农用车、卡车、轿车和公共汽车而阻断，因此不是理想的景观线路，不适合时间安排很紧的旅游大巴。30盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-ParkJIANGSU PROVINCE TOURISM ANALYSISREGIONAL CONTEXTTourism in the Yangtze Delta is already well established with Shanghai an internationally and nationally recognised gateway and major tourism d
184、estination.There are a number of other outstanding attractions,which draw tourists away from Shanghai into the surrounding region.These attractions are actively marketed in the media,brochures and tourist maps,with some of the main attractions identified below.City Outstanding Regional AttractionsSh
185、anghaiTourism hub,international gatewaySuzhouGardens,temples,waterwaysWuxiTai Lake,clay figuresNanjingHistoric buildings,cultural activities,temples,mountainsYangzhouChinese architecture,gardens,waterwaysYanchengCoastal wetlands,unique wildlifeThe Eco-Park is strategically located within two to thre
186、e hours travel from Shanghai,the major economic centre and tourist hub for central eastern China.Provided the wetlands are appropriately developed and marketed,they have the potential to add diversity to the range of tourism opportunities currently available in the Yangtze Delta region.The Yancheng
187、Wetland and its wildlife are the unique selling point that will attract visitors from the domestic and international markets.However,they currently lack the facilities to become major destinations in their own right,unless they are grouped with other tourist attractions,to provide a package of thing
188、s for visitors to see and do as part of a short or long stay visit.EXISTING PROVINCIAL AND MUNICIPAL TOURISM STRATEGIESThe comments below are based on information contained in the following documents:Jiangsu Tourism Development Masterplan(20012020)Yancheng Tourism Development Masterplan(20012020)She
189、yang Tourism Development Masterplan(20012020)The Yancheng Information Guide江苏省旅游分析地区范围长江三角洲地区的旅游借助上海作为国际国内众所周知的入口和主要的旅游目的地，已经发展到相当程度。还有很多其他不错的旅游景点，可以把上海的游客吸引到周边地区。这些景点在媒体、旅游手册和旅游地图上都有非常活跃的市场推广。其中主要的景点见下表：城市主要地区景点上海旅游集散中心、国际入口大门苏州园林、寺庙、河流无锡太湖、泥人南京历史建筑、文化活动、寺庙、山扬州中国传统建筑、园林、河流盐城沿海湿地、珍稀野生动物生态国家公园位于距上海（华
190、东主要经济中心和旅游集散中心）两到三小时车程的战略位置上。如果湿地旅游资源能够恰当开发和推广，生态国家公园将有潜力增加长江三角洲地区目前旅游机会的多样性。盐城湿地和湿地内野生动物是区域独特的卖点，将吸引国内国外市场的游客。但目前因为缺乏设施还不能成为主要的旅游目的地，除非和其他旅游景点构成一揽子旅游，为游客提供一系列可以游览的景点，构成过夜游的组成部分。目前省市旅游策略以下的建议在下列文件的基础上提出：江苏旅游发展总体规划（2001-2020）盐城旅游发展总体规划（2001-2020）射阳旅游发展总体规划（2001-2020）盐城指南信息3.2 江苏省 旅 游 分 析 J I A N G S
191、U P R O V I N C E T O U R I S M A N A LY S I S盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yanchen
192、g Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report31江苏省/?Jiangsu Province0km1020304050100km32盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-ParkUNIQUE SELLING POINTSAll the above Tourism Development Masterplans recognise that the Yancheng Wetland and associated wildlife are the unique selling points for
193、 the Province and Municipalities.Thus they all emphasise eco-sensitive tourism developments that will attract visitors looking for a more natural tourism experiences.This is something that other tourist destinations within the Yangtze Delta do not possess and cannot replicate.For this reason it is v
194、ital that the integrity of the wetland be maintained and enhanced so that future generations find it even more attractive as a place to escape the pressures of urban life and to experience the tranquillity of nature.TOURISM VISITATIONWhile there is significant existing tourist visitation to the Prov
195、ince and municipalities,the vast majority is for the purpose of business,official trips and visiting relatives and friends.Only a relatively small proportion of the current visitation is related to sightseeing and viewing the wetland and its wildlife.The 2020 vision for tourist visitation to the Pro
196、vince and Municipalities is for a 4 to 5 fold increase in overall tourism.This will require a massive investment in infrastructure over the next 15 years to ensure that visitors continue to receive a quality experience.In addition,it can be anticipated that a much higher proportion of these visitors
197、 will wish to see and experience the wetland.For each eco-facility to cater for a 4 to 5 fold increase in visitation,the capacity of existing tourist infrastructure will have to be upgraded dramatically to cope with peak visitor loads.However the more likely increase in visitation to the Eco-Park co
198、uld be 15 to 20 fold.If this level of tourist visitation is to be achieved,it will be vital to develop eco-sensitive tourist infrastructure that will cater for the requirements of all kinds of tourists including mass viewing of the wetland and its wildlife.The anticipated increase in visitation from
199、 overseas visitors,indicated in the Masterplans,is probably realistic.However the increase in nationwide visitation to the Eco-Park appears overly optimistic unless significant attractions are developed that have nationwide appeal.Rather it is anticipated that the most significant increase in touris
200、t visitation will come from other cities within the Yangtze Delta,particularly Shanghai,Nanjing and municipal centres.LENGTH OF STAY Currently,the average length of stay for tourists to the region is less than two days per person.Programs have been developed locally for 1,2,3 and 5 day tour itinerar
201、ies however these are probably not attractive at present,nor is their correct infrastructure in place.As attractions are developed and more tourist infrastructure is put in place,the length of stay could be expected to increase significantly.Thus more tourists will have the time and opportunity to v
202、isit the facilities proposed for the Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park.独特的卖点以上旅游发展总体规划认为,盐城湿地和湿地内的野生动物是盐城乃至整个江苏省的独特卖点。因此他们都强调生态敏感旅游开发，将吸引游客寻找一种更自然的旅游体验。这些是长江三角洲地区其他旅游目的地不具备，或无法复制的资源。因此维护和改善整个湿地显得至关重要，使子孙后代能够感受它更大的吸引力，找到一个远离城市喧嚣，享受宁静自然的地方。旅游访问目前已有不少来自于江苏省和相关市县内的游客光顾，但大部分是商务、出差和走亲访友的，只有很小部分是来观景、欣赏湿地和
203、野生动物的。2020年江苏省和相关市县的旅游目标是要整体旅游增长翻4到5翻。这样就要求未来15内大量的基础设施投资，以确保游客能够继续得到高品质的体验。另外，可以预测这些游客中绝大部分希望看到和体验湿地。各生态设施要服务于翻4到5翻的参观人数，要求现有旅游基础设施有大动作的改造以迎合旅游高峰负荷。但到生态国家公园的游客数量有可能增长15到20倍。如果游客数量能达到这个水平，那么开发生态敏感的旅游基础设施就显得至关重要，以迎合各种类型旅游的需求，包括大量湿地和野生动物的参观。总体规划中对国外游客增长的预计是比较现实的，但对国内游客的增长则显得过度乐观，除非开发出特别有吸引力的项目。预测大部分主要
204、旅游增长来自长江三角洲的其他城市，特别是上海、南京和市中心。逗留时间目前，地区内游客平均每人逗留的时间不超过两天。当地也开发出一日、两日游线路，但目前不能吸引游客，也没有适当配套的基础设施。只有开发出更具吸引力的项目，并在配套更多的基础设施的前提下，才会带来游客逗留时间明显的增加。这样，游客才能有时间和机会参观和使用为盐城湿地生态国家公园规划的设施。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生
205、态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report33海堤公路|Coastal ScenicRoad东西向道路|East-West Access Roads新高速道路|New Motorway国道|National Motorway省道|Provincial Motorway河流和运河
206、|Rivers and Canals铁路|Railway旅游资讯站|Information and Transit Centres旅游区|Tourist Attractions Zone现有旅游景点|Existing Tourist Attraction计划中旅游景点|Proposed Tourist Attraction当地旅游区LOCAL TOURISM FACILITIES东台市DONGTAI射阳县SHEYANG盐城市YANCHENG CITY大丰市DAFENG13121098765421110m5km10km15km20km40km12345678910111213射阳河口游览区|Sh
207、eyang River Mouth Tourism Area盐城国家珍禽自然保护区|Yancheng National nature Reserve大丰湿地生态公园旅游度假区|Dafeng Wetland Eco Tourism Area东沙旅游区|Dongsha Island江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区|Dafeng Milu National nature Reserve 东台中华鲟自然保护区|Dongtai Zhonghuaxun Natural Reserve东台西溪游览区|Dongtai Xixi Tourism Area大丰人文景观旅游区|Dafeng Culture Scener
208、y Tourism Area大纵湖鱼家旅游度假区|Dazhong Lake Recreation Resort Area九龙口湖荡风光游览区|Jiulongkou Lake Scenery Area马家荡水乡民俗游览区|Majiadan Watertown culture tourism Area抗战纪念游览区|War Memorial Tourism Area滨海响水人文游览区|Waterplay Tourism Area射阳岛公园|Sheyang Island Park射阳河闸|Sheyang River Gate息心寺|Xixin Temple水上活动中心|Aquatic Activit
209、y Centre 射阳港|Sheyang Harbour 高儿夫球场|Golf Course 盐文化公园|Salt Culture Park 射阳盐场|Sheyang Salt Farm 十里菊香|百药园|Chrysantyhemum Garden|Herb Garden新洋港|XinYang Harbour丹顶鹤自然保护区|Red Crowne Crane Natural Reserve乔冠华故居|Former Qiao Guan Hua Residence大丰港|Dafeng Harbour大丰林场|Dafeng Forest Farm 施耐庵纪念馆|ShiNaiAn Memorial H
210、all小海温泉|Xiaohai Hot Spring 义阡禅寺|Yiqian Temple新四军八路军会师纪念塔|New 4th Army Memorial Tower 枯枝牡丹|Penoy Garden 江苏永丰林农业生态园|Jiangsu Yongfengli Agriculture Eco park 梁垛河口|Liangduo River Mouth徐淮盐高速公路|Xu Huai Yan highway 宁靖盐高速公路|Ning Jing Yan Highway 204 国道|204 National Motorway33.3 现有旅游自 然 EXISTING T O U R I S M
211、 R E S O U R C E现有旅游基础设施格局如所附平面图所示。The existing pattern of tourism infrastructure is shown on the attached plan.0510152040Kilometres0510152040Kilometres海堤公路|Coastal ScenicRoad东西向道路|East-West Access Roads新高速道路|New Motorway国道|National Motorway省道|Provincial Motorway河流和运河|Rivers and Canals铁路|Railway旅游资讯
212、站|Information and Transit Centres旅游区|Tourist Attractions Zone现有旅游景点|Existing Tourist Attraction计划中旅游景点|Proposed Tourist Attraction当地旅游区LOCAL TOURISM FACILITIES东台市DONGTAI射阳县SHEYANG盐城市YANCHENG CITY大丰市DAFENG13121098765421110m5km10km15km20km40km12345678910111213射阳河口游览区|Sheyang River Mouth Tourism Area盐城
213、国家珍禽自然保护区|Yancheng National nature Reserve大丰湿地生态公园旅游度假区|Dafeng Wetland Eco Tourism Area东沙旅游区|Dongsha Island江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区|Dafeng Milu National nature Reserve 东台中华鲟自然保护区|Dongtai Zhonghuaxun Natural Reserve东台西溪游览区|Dongtai Xixi Tourism Area大丰人文景观旅游区|Dafeng Culture Scenery Tourism Area大纵湖鱼家旅游度假区|Dazhong
214、 Lake Recreation Resort Area九龙口湖荡风光游览区|Jiulongkou Lake Scenery Area马家荡水乡民俗游览区|Majiadan Watertown culture tourism Area抗战纪念游览区|War Memorial Tourism Area滨海响水人文游览区|Waterplay Tourism Area射阳岛公园|Sheyang Island Park射阳河闸|Sheyang River Gate息心寺|Xixin Temple水上活动中心|Aquatic Activity Centre 射阳港|Sheyang Harbour 高儿夫
215、球场|Golf Course 盐文化公园|Salt Culture Park 射阳盐场|Sheyang Salt Farm 十里菊香|百药园|Chrysantyhemum Garden|Herb Garden新洋港|XinYang Harbour丹顶鹤自然保护区|Red Crowne Crane Natural Reserve乔冠华故居|Former Qiao Guan Hua Residence大丰港|Dafeng Harbour大丰林场|Dafeng Forest Farm 施耐庵纪念馆|ShiNaiAn Memorial Hall小海温泉|Xiaohai Hot Spring 义阡禅寺|
216、Yiqian Temple新四军八路军会师纪念塔|New 4th Army Memorial Tower 枯枝牡丹|Penoy Garden 江苏永丰林农业生态园|Jiangsu Yongfengli Agriculture Eco park 梁垛河口|Liangduo River Mouth徐淮盐高速公路|Xu Huai Yan highway 宁靖盐高速公路|Ning Jing Yan Highway 204 国道|204 National Motorway334盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park旅游活动TOURISM ACTIVIT
217、IES总体规划报告|Master Plan Report35旅游活动TOURISM ACTIVITIES盐城当地旅游门户 Yancheng Local Gateway盐城湿地海岸旅游区 YANCHENG WETLAND COASTAL TOURISM ZONE南京国内旅游门户 Nannjing National Gateway上海国内外旅游门户 Shanghai International&National Gateway淮安|HUAIAN苏州|SUZHOU常州|CHANGZHOU镇江|ZHENJIANG南通|NANTONG扬州|YANGZHOU连云港|LIANYUNGANG徐州|XUZHOU
218、无锡|WUXI西北区游客来源NORTHERN AND WESTERN CATCHMENT 长江三角游客来源YANGTZE DELTA CATCHMENT36盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park3.4.1 YANCHENG WETLAND ECO-PARK TOURISM STRATEGYGUIDING PRINCIPLESThe following guiding principles are recommended for tourism:SUSTAINABILITY:locate and design all Eco-Park faci
219、lities and tourism uses to complement wetland/wildlife/forestry/coastal values and to minimize impacts DIVERSITY:ensure that all Eco-Park tourist developments are sensitive to the wetland landscape character in scale,materials and architecture so that they are quite different from tourist developmen
220、ts in surrounding agricultural and urban settings QUALITY:ensure facilities are designed,managed and maintained to worlds best practice standards3.4.1 盐城湿地生态国家公园旅游策略指导原则推荐以下旅游指导原则：可持续性：布置和设计所有生态国家公园设施和旅游使用，补充湿地/野生动物/林场/沿海的价值，实现不利影响最小化。多样性：确保所有生态国家公园旅游开发项目从体量、材料和建筑方面都对湿地景观有敏感的反应，以达到与周边农业和城市布景完全不同的旅游开
221、发效果。品质：确保设施的设计、维护和管理是世界一流的。可进入性：确保生态国家公园开发节点的位置位于高速公路和公路进入便捷的地方，并且所有设施的位置都便于老人和残疾人的进入。3.4 盐城湿 地 生 态 公 园 旅 游 策 略 YANC H E N G W E T L A N D S E C O-PA R K T O U R I S M S T R AT E GY盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Pa
222、rk麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report37 独特的卖点 目标市场推广：维持和增强湿地和湿地内野生动物作为生态国家公园独特的卖点。打包：目前湿地本身缺乏足够的旅游设施或可以使其成为旅游目的地的吸引点。但如果与周边旅游设施和景点打包推广，可以增加旅游产品的多样性，确保
223、游客逗留时间延长。市场推广：将江苏/盐城沿海和湿地作为整体推广，而不是分割开来。为生态国家公园各节点设计详细的旅游手册 设置主要道路良好的线路标识 建立一个介绍湿地旅游的网站 考虑提供其他语言版本的信息（如考虑大多数的游客群体日语、韩语、英语、德语等）通过其他媒体推广生态国家公园（电视、广播可以利用丹顶鹤的故事这首歌）各生态旅游节点不过度宣传（无控制的参观将对湿地造成损害。）促进和激活相互兼容的旅游投资机会 当地利益最大化（当地旅游基础设施的补充，不重复）目标是通过提高全省旅游的百分数，实现经济基础的多元化。确保辅助培训计划 与现有的技术学院和大学合作，为整个旅游部门输送大量训练有素的人员。旅
224、游监控和研究 建立一个可靠的游客信息基地（类型、来源、满意度、需求等）负责旅游研究和整体运行监控。ACCESSIBILITY:ensure Eco-Park tourist development nodes are located so they can be easily accessed from major motorways and highways and that all facilities are accessible to the aged and disabled.UNIQUE SELLING POINTS TARGETED MARKETING:maintain and
225、enhance the wetland and their wild life as the unique selling point for the Eco-Park PACKAGING:Currently the wetlands lack sufficient tourist facilities or attraction to become a destination in their own right.However,if packaged with surrounding tourist facilities and attractions,they will add dive
226、rsity to the tourism product and ensure that visitors prolong their length of stay MARKETING:Market the Jiangsu/Yancheng Coast and Wetland as a whole,not separately Develop detailed park brochures for each Eco-Park visitor focal area Provide good signage from major roads Develop a Web page promoting
227、 the Wetland as a tourist attraction Consider providing information in other languages(e.g.to cater for the needs of the main client groups-Japanese,Korean,English,German etc)Promote the Eco-Park in other media(TV,radio-use Crane Lady Song etc.)Only market that which can be realistically delivered a
228、t each ecotourism node(uncontrolled visitation will destroy the wetlands)GENERATE TOURISM INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR COMPATIBLE ACTIVITIES Maximise local benefits(complement local tourist infrastructure,do not duplicate it)Aim to diversify the economic base by increasing the percentage of tourism
229、in the Province ENSURE SUPPORTING TRAINING PROGRAMS Work with existing technical colleges and Universities to ensure adequately trained staff across whole tourism sector TOURISM MONITORING AND RESEARCH Develop a reliable visitor information base(characteristics,origins,satisfaction,needs etc)Underta
230、ke tourism research and monitor overall performance38盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-ParkSPECIFIC TOURISM STRATEGIESThe following tourism strategies should be adopted and applied;Plan and manage the Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park as one entity with distinctive,yet complimentary,tourist
231、nodes Develop each Eco-Park tourist focal differently so that tourists will want to visit them all over time.Take full advantage of existing and planned infrastructure such as the new Motorway to provide fast and convenient access to the Eco-Park Maximise the benefit of the new Motorway by ensuring
232、exit points are well sign-posted,alerting motorist to the attractions within the Eco-Park Use existing cities and townships as Eco-Park gateways to maximise the use of existing tourism infrastructure such as hotels,restaurants and entertainment facilities Ensure Transit Centres within Yancheng,Sheya
233、ng,Dafeng and Dongtai provide information on the Eco-Park and other local attractions Develop a,scenic tourist route along the coastal bund,linking all major nodes within the Eco-Park,screened by forest planting to the west and coastal wetlands to the east The southern portion of the Eco-Park is mor
234、e remote from adjacent cities and therefore will require accommodation and other facilities on-site.This remoteness is a quality worth retaining and therefore developments around the area should be discouraged,except for small villages and rural settlements The tourist nodes in the southern portions
235、 of the Eco-Park will need to be connected to surrounding forest areas by landscaped corridors to cater for linear outdoor recreational activities such as cycling,horse riding,bushwalking,trail riding etc.具体旅游策略建议采取和运用以下旅游策略：将盐城湿地国家生态国家公园作为一个整体来规划和管理，各旅游节点各具特色，又相互补充；开发生态国家公园节点区各自的特点，使游客有兴趣完整地游览三个节点；
236、充分利用现有和规划中的基础设施，如规划中的高速公路，为进入生态国家公园提供快速、便捷的交通；发挥新建高速公路的最大效益，确保出口处有明显的路标，吸引乘车的人对生态国家公园内景点的注意；发挥现有城镇作为生态国家公园“门户”的功能，利用现有旅游基础设施，如酒店、餐馆和娱乐设施；确保在盐城、射阳、大丰和东台的交通集散中心，为游客提供生态国家公园和其他旅游景点的信息。海堤公路打造成景观旅游线路，在西边大面积的林地和东边沿海湿地间穿行，将生态国家公园内三大节点串连起来；生态国家公园最南端离相邻城市较远，因此需要就地的住宿和其他设施。但有保留这种距离的必要，因此不鼓励在这个区域周边开发项目，只允许有小的村
237、庄。生态国家公园南端旅游节点需要通过一条景观走廊与周围的林场连接起来，为线形的室外娱乐活动提供机会，如骑自行车、骑马、林间徒步旅游等。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM A
238、REA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report39Tourism activities and programs have been identified for each of the three focal areas.While there are a number of programs and activities that occur in more than one of the focal areas,the balance and emphasis reflects the t
239、heme and character of each area.The general emphasis of activities at each focal area is:Sheyang(Red Crown Crane Eco Tourism Area)Activities and programs based on the wetlands,Red Crown Crane,other migratory birds and the Eco Resort.Dafeng(Milu Eco Tourism Area Activities and programs celebrating th
240、e Milu deer.Dongtai(Jianggang Seaside Tourism Resort Area)A focus on the marine and coastal environment.Within each of these areas a range of tourism activities have been identified.These are described in detail in Sections 4,5 and 6 of this report and cover the following categories;Accommodation an
241、d Related Activities Attractions and Commercial Activities Cultural Activities Water Activities Nature Interpretation and Circulation3.6 旅 游活 动 和 节 目 T O U R I S M A C T I V I T I E S A N D P R O G R A M S根据三个节点区确定了旅游活动和节目，但有些节目和活动不仅仅在一个节点区开展，它们之间的平衡和重点体现各区的主题和特色。各区总体的重点活动为：射阳（丹顶鹤生态旅游区）活动和节目基于湿地、丹顶鹤
242、和其它候鸟和生态度假区 大丰（麋鹿生态旅游区）活动和节目体现对麋鹿的颂扬 东台（弶港海滨旅游度假区）强调大海和海滩环境在这三个节点区内都确定了一系列旅游活动和节目，本报告4，5和6节有详细的介绍，并且都包括以下种类：住宿和相关活动 趣味和商业活动 文化活动 水上活动 自然解说和流线Section 8.1 of this report provides an estimate of the capacity of the wetlands.Assuming the day-use areas are open approximately 350 days per year an annual c
243、apacity of approximately 2,810,500 visitors per year can be accommodated.This is an increase of 4.6 times from the current visitation of approximately 500,000 due largely to improved facilities to accommodate additional numbers with a high level of environmental sensitivity.This level of increase is
244、 in-line with overall projections for Jiangsu province which estimate increased tourism visitation in the order of 4 to 5 fold.3.5 旅游容量 TOURISM C A PA C I T Y本报告8.1提供了湿地容量测算。假设每年白天使用区域开放约350天，那么每年大约可以容纳2,810,500游客。这个预计的数字将比目前约500,000的游客数增长4.6倍，主要是由于设施的改善，以高水准的环境敏感度容纳更多的游客。这个增长水平同时也与整个江苏省预计旅游增长翻4到5翻的
245、预测目标相一致。盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?
246、Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report41eco-park framework and tourism plan4生态国家公园规划框架与旅游规划图42盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park生态公园门户|Eco Park Gateways生态公园区|Eco Park Boundary生态旅游景点|Eco Tourist Nodes生态公园焦点区|Eco Park Focal Areas旅游资讯站|Information and Transit Centres货船交通
247、|Sea Boat Access机场|Airport Access其他旅游景点|Other Tourist Attractions海堤公路|Coastal Scenic Road东西向道路|East-West Access Roads新高速道路|New Motorway国道|National Motorway河流和运河|Rivers and Canals铁路|Railway生态公园架构ECO PARK FRAMEWORK PLAN0m5km10km15km20km40km东台市DONGTAI射阳县SHEYANG射阳旅游点SHEYANG TOURIST NODE大丰旅游点DAFENG TOURI
248、ST NODE东台旅游点DONGTAI TOURIST NODE盐城市YANCHENG CITY大丰市DAFENG大丰港DAFENG HARBOUR生态公园门户|Eco Park Gateways生态公园区|Eco Park Boundary生态旅游景点|Eco Tourist Nodes生态公园焦点区|Eco Park Focal Areas旅游资讯站|Information and Transit Centres货船交通|Sea Boat Access机场|Airport Access其他旅游景点|Other Tourist Attractions海堤公路|Coastal Scenic R
249、oad东西向道路|East-West Access Roads新高速道路|New Motorway国道|National Motorway河流和运河|Rivers and Canals铁路|Railway生态公园架构ECO PARK FRAMEWORK PLAN0m5km10km15km20km40km东台市DONGTAI射阳县SHEYANG射阳旅游点SHEYANG TOURIST NODE大丰旅游点DAFENG TOURIST NODE东台旅游点DONGTAI TOURIST NODE盐城市YANCHENG CITY大丰市DAFENG大丰港DAFENG HARBOUR0510152040Ki
250、lometres0510152040Kilometres盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National
251、 Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report434.1.1 PLANNING MODELAn overall Framework Plan has been prepared for the Yancheng Wetland Eco-Park.This is based on the following planning model:Planning for the Eco-Park as one entity with three distinctive,yet complementary nodes Taking full advantage of existing
252、 and planned infrastructure such as the new Motorway to provide fast and convenient access to the Eco-Park Using existing cities and townships as gateways to the Eco-Park to take advantage of existing tourism infrastructure such as hotels and too increase the diversity of tourism opportunities Maxim
253、izing the benefit of the north-south coastal road as both a scenic route and convenient thread between all nodes in the Eco-Park.Intensive development will be avoided east of the coastal road.Key recommendations arising from the Framework Plan are:Maximize the benefit of the new Motorway and ensure
254、exit points are sign-posted alerting motorist to the Eco-Park Develop Information and Transit Centres within Yancheng,Sheyang,Dafeng and Dongtai to provide information on the Eco-Park and as a transit centre for buses and tours Designate clear preferred east-west access roads to the Coastal Road Dev
255、elop the Coastal Road as a Wetland Scenic Route with extensive forest planting and eco-tourism facilities to the west and coastal wetlands to the east Promote future opportunities with upgrading of the Yancheng Airport to receive tourists and for tourist boats from Dafeng Harbour4.1.2 MAJOR GATEWAYS
256、 AND INFORMATION/TRANSIT FACILITIESIt is proposed that the existing cities and townships be used as gateways to the Eco-Park,particularly as they have existing facilities and can add to the overall tourism experience through their local culture and unique features.Within these gateways it is propose
257、d that designated centres will be established that provide the flowing:Starting point for bus tours to the Eco-Park Publicity,information and videos on the Eco-Park Information on other tourism attractions and accommodationThese gateways are proposed at:Yancheng City Sheyang Dafeng Dafeng Harbour(fu
258、ture town)Dongtai4.1 整 体 框 架 O V E R A L L F R A M E W O R K4.1.1 规划模式盐城湿地生态国家公园整体框架的编制在以下规划模式的基础上完成：将生态国家公园作为一个整体规划，三节点各具特色且互补。充分利用现有和规划中的基础设施，如规划中的高速公路，为进入生态国家公园提供快速、便捷的交通。发挥现有城镇作为生态国家公园“门户”的功能，利用现有旅游基础设施如酒店,增加旅游机会的多样性。南北向海堤公路的利益最大化，发挥其作为景观道路和生态国家公园三大节点间便捷的交通链接的功能，避免海堤公路以东集约式的开发。框架规划的主要建议：发挥新建高速公路
259、的最大效益，确保出口处有明显的生态国家公园标识，吸引乘车人注意。在盐城、射阳、大丰和东台建立信息交通集散中心，为游客提供旅游信息，发挥公交车和旅游巴士集散中心的功能。指定进入海堤公路清晰的，最佳的东西向入口道路。海堤公路打造成湿地景观道路，将西边大面积的林地和生态旅游设施与东边的沿海湿地串连起来。通过盐城机场的升级改建，增加未来接待游客的机会，并服务于从大丰港乘游船的游客。4.1.2 主要的入口门户和信息/交通设施规划将现有城镇作为生态国家公园的“门户”，尤其是利用它们现有的设施，可以增加整体旅游的体验，展现当地的文化和独特的特色。在这些入口门户区域规划建立一个可以提供以下服务的中心：生态国家
260、公园旅游巴士的始发点 生态国家公园的宣传、信息和录像 其他旅游景点和住宿设施的信息这些门户分别规划在：盐城市 射阳 大丰 大丰港（新镇）东台44盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park海堤公路|Coastal Scenic Road东西向道路|East-West Access Roads新高速道路|New Highway国道|National Motorway省道|Provincial Motorway河流和运河|Rivers and Canals铁路|Railway步行道|Pedestrian Path旅游资讯站|Information an
261、d Transit Centres货船交通|Sea Boat Access入口意向城镇|Gateway Cities and Towns机场|Airport Access生态公园交通系统ECO PARK TRANSPORT PLAN0m5km10km15km20km40km省道329线省道331线徐淮盐高速公路/Xu Huai Yan highway 宁靖盐高速公路/Ning Jing Yan Highway 204 国道/204 National Motorway省道333线东台市DONGTAI射阳县SHEYANG盐城市YANCHENG CITY大丰市DAFENG大丰港DAFENG HARB
262、OUR0510152040Kilometres0510152040Kilometres海堤公路|Coastal Scenic Road东西向道路|East-West Access Roads新高速道路|New Highway国道|National Motorway省道|Provincial Motorway河流和运河|Rivers and Canals铁路|Railway步行道|Pedestrian Path旅游资讯站|Information and Transit Centres货船交通|Sea Boat Access入口意向城镇|Gateway Cities and Towns机场|Air
263、port Access生态公园交通系统ECO PARK TRANSPORT PLAN0m5km10km15km20km40km省道329线省道331线徐淮盐高速公路/Xu Huai Yan highway 宁靖盐高速公路/Ning Jing Yan Highway 204 国道/204 National Motorway省道333线东台市DONGTAI射阳县SHEYANG盐城市YANCHENG CITY大丰市DAFENG大丰港DAFENG HARBOUR盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM
264、 AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report454.1.3 ACCESS AND CIRCULATIONAn overall transport plan has been
265、prepared with the following features:Maximised use of the new motorway to provide direct access to both the gateways and the Eco-Park itself Promotion of alternative access by upgrading of Yancheng Airport and through direct boat access to Dafeng Harbour which could be used for pleasure cruises and
266、access to Shanghai during the World Expo in 20104.1.4 SCENIC ROUTESA system of scenic routes is proposed in the overall framework composed of two types:Upgrading and improvements to designated east-west roads as critical approaches to the Eco-Park Designation of the main Coastal road as the Wetlands
267、 Scenic Drive and the critical linking access element of the Eco-Park and window to the wetlands4.1.5 INTEGRATION WITH OTHER TOURISM FACILITIESIt is critical to link the Eco-Park within the other existing and planned tourism facility to maximise the attraction of the Eco-Park and provide a richer to
268、urism experience.Adjoining tourism facilities are illustrated in the accompanying plan.4.1.3 入口与交通流线整体交通规划的编制具备以下特点：最大限度地利用新建的高速公路，提供进入生态国家公园和各门户直接的入口连接。利用盐城机场的改建、大丰港的游船和2010年世博会到上海的航线，提倡有选择的交通入口。4.1.4 景观线路整体框架中规划了两种类型的景观线路：指定东西向道路的升级和改建，使其成为进入生态国家公园重要的入口通道。将主要的海堤公路命名为“湿地景观之旅”，生态国家公园入口元素重要的链接和湿地的窗口。
269、4.1.5 与其他旅游设施整合将生态国家公园与现有的和规划的旅游设施串连起来，发挥生态国家公园最大的吸引力，为游客提供丰富的旅游体验。相邻旅游设施见随附的平面图。46盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-ParkTRAFFIC DEMAND AND STRATEGIES Table of Traffic Demand and StrategiesTraffic demandPlanning yearTraffic modes and strategiesAdjacent area2005(short term)Expressway,railwayYa
270、ngtze Delta area2010(medium term)Expressway,railway,airOther domestic Major city 2015(long term)Mainly by airInternational latent region2020(future)By air or sea(direct or transfer)4.2 交通策 略 T R A N S P O R T S T R AT E GY交通需求与交通策略交通需求与交通策略表交通需求类别规划期限交通方式与策略项目周边区域近期（2005年）项目周边高速公路、铁路长三角地区中远期（2010年）长
271、三角地区高速公路、铁路以及航空国内其它主要城市远景年（2015年）以航空方式为主国际潜在区域远景年（2020年）航空和国际邮轮（直达/中转）盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURIS
272、M AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report4748盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-ParkREGIONAL NETWORK AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENTNetwork and Nodes AnalysisTable of Road network and nodes analysis of adjacent areaTraffic ModesNotesRoadExpresswayLianyantong expresswa
273、y,Xusuhuaiyan expressway,Ningjingyan expressway1-grade204 national road2-grade333 provincial road,329 provincial road,331 provincial roadCommon roadCoastal scenic roadRailwayXinchang railwayAirAirport(proposed)PortDafeng portNodesInternal nodesSheyang tourist node,Dafeng tourist node,Dongtai tourist
274、 nodeExternal nodesDafeng port,three interchanges at 333 provincial road,329 provincial road&331 provincial roadPLANNING AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ANALYSIS ON REGIONAL TRAFFIC Planing several traffic interchanges and tourism information centers on key tourism gateways.From western tourism gateways t
275、o eastern tourism nodes,encourage tourist make use of public transportation modes,in stead of privare cars.Traffic and transfer among all tourism nodes along the north-south coast scenic road shoud mainly rely on environmental mini-buses,bicycle is an alternative mode for short trips between one vie
276、w and another.TRAFFIC PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR KEY AREAS OF MAIN TOURISM NODES Allignments of internal roads and locations of crossings with external links,Traffic circulation planning for various traffic modes,Transections design of major internal roads,Conceptual design of major intersections,D
277、emand,location and layout of Traffic facilities(stops and parkings).区域交通网络与交通组织策略区域交通网络与节点分析项目周边交通网络与节点分类表分 类具体说明公路交通高速公路连盐通高速公路、徐宿淮盐高速公路、宁靖盐高速公路一级公路204国道二级公路329省道、331省道、333省道普通公路海堤公路铁路交通新长铁路航空交通盐城附近的机场（建议）海运交通大丰港交通节点项目内部节点 射阳旅游点、大丰旅游点、东台旅游点外部进出节点连盐通高速公路与329省道、331省道、333省道交叉口处的立交桥以及大丰港区域交通组织策略 在主要旅游门
278、户节点，规划若干交通枢纽与信息集散中心；从西部各门户节点到达东部和旅游景点，鼓励游客选择公共交通方式，同时辅以其它出行方式包括私人小汽车等；整个湿地生态国家公园东部沿海堤路的各旅游景点间的转换，应以小型、环保型公交车为主，辅以自行车等其他绿色交通方式。重点地区控制性规划交通规划设计要点 区域内部道路走向选择以及与外部道路交叉口节点的选址 区域内部不同出行方式的交通组织；区域内部主要道路的横断面设计与景观设计；主要交叉口的概念性设计；站点设施与停车场的需求分析与规划设计等。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI EC
279、O TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report49It is proposed that the three focal areas be developed
280、 as different yet complementary tourist zones that form the major element of the Yancheng Coastal area.Detailed planning for these areas has only recently commenced and will be the focus of the next stage of the project.The areas will be distinctive in the following ways:3.3.1 SHEYANG FOCUS ON ENVIR
281、ONMENTAL EXCELLENCE International centre of wetlands research Closely linked to scenic river mouth and adjoining development Symbolic use of Red Crown Crane for identity and promotion3.3.2 DAFENG FOCUS ON WILDLIFE AND INTERPRETATION Major tourism attractions and wildlife park Supporting resort and a
282、ccommodation opportunities Symbolic use of Milu for identity and promotion3.3.3 DONGTAI FOCUS ON HEALTH AND WELL BEING Destination for leisure,healthy lifestyles and clean environment Major opportunities for eco resort and eco-accommodation Integration of Dongtai culture in use of wetlands for ident
283、ity and promotion4.3 节 点 区 规 划 F O C A L A R E A P L A N N I N G规划将三个节点区开发成为既彼此不同，又相互补充的旅游区，构成盐城沿海区域的主要元素。三个区域的详细规划将成为本项目下一阶段的焦点。这些区域将在以下方式体现其与众不同的特色：3.3.1 射阳 集中在优质的环境上 国际湿地研究中心 毗邻风景优美的河口和相邻的开发项目 利用丹顶鹤的形象进行宣传推广，体现特色3.3.2 大丰 集中在野生动物和教育解说上 主要旅游景点和野生动物公园 开发度假村和住宿设施的机会 利用麋鹿的形象进行宣传推广，体现特色.3.3.3 弶港海滨旅游度假区
284、 集中体现健康 感受休息、健康生活方式和洁净环境的机会 开发生态度假村和生态型住宿的机会 将东台的文化和湿地的利用结合起来进行宣传推广，体现特色.50盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park海岸线主要城镇|Major Coastal Townships主要港口景点|Major Harbour Nodes海堤公路|Coastal Scenic Road东西向道路|East-West Access Roads新高速道路|New Highway国道|National Motorway省道|Provincial Motorway河流和运河|Rivers
285、 and Canals铁路|Railway步行道|Pedestrian Path旅游资讯站|Information and Transit Centres货船交通|Sea Boat Access入口意向城镇|Gateway Cities and Towns机场|Airport Access海岸线旅游景点COASTAL TOURISM NODES省道329线省道331线徐淮盐高速公路|Xu Huai Yan highway 宁靖盐高速公路|Ning Jing Yan Highway 204 国道|204 National Motorway省道333线0m5km10km15km20km40km东台
286、市DONGTAI射阳县SHEYANG大丰市DAFENG盐城市YANCHENG CITY大丰港DAFENG HARBOUR4.4 旅游开发总 平 面 /TOURISM D E V E LO P M E N T M A S T E R P L A N0510152040Kilometres0510152040Kilometres海岸线主要城镇|Major Coastal Townships主要港口景点|Major Harbour Nodes海堤公路|Coastal Scenic Road东西向道路|East-West Access Roads新高速道路|New Highway国道|National
287、 Motorway省道|Provincial Motorway河流和运河|Rivers and Canals铁路|Railway步行道|Pedestrian Path旅游资讯站|Information and Transit Centres货船交通|Sea Boat Access入口意向城镇|Gateway Cities and Towns机场|Airport Access海岸线旅游景点COASTAL TOURISM NODES省道329线省道331线徐淮盐高速公路|Xu Huai Yan highway 宁靖盐高速公路|Ning Jing Yan Highway 204 国道|204 Nat
288、ional Motorway省道333线0m5km10km15km20km40km东台市DONGTAI射阳县SHEYANG大丰市DAFENG盐城市YANCHENG CITY大丰港DAFENG HARBOUR总体规划报告|Master Plan Report51 旅游门户区|Tourism Gateway Hubs 河滨绿地公园|Riverside Parklands动态度假旅游区域|Active Resort tourism Zones 射阳文化盐场|Sheyang Historical Salt Farm绿地旅游区域|Parkland Tourism Zones农村保护区和生态区域|Rura
289、l Conservation and Eco-Zone自然保护区和生态区域|Nature Conservation and Eco-Zone海堤公路|Coastal Scenic Road Access河滨通道|River Access Routes河滨连通交汇点|River Access Nodes主要湿地道路|Major Access to Wetland木质步道|Boardwalk步行道|Pedestrian&Bicycle Path观望景点|Observation Point入口地标|Entry Marker主要道路|Major Roads河流或运河|Rivers and Canals
290、城镇|Local Towns其它旅游景点|Other Tourist Attraction丹顶鹤生态旅游区|Red Crown Crane Tourist Facility江苏大丰麋鹿保护区|MiLu Reserve 整体旅游开发平面基于以下元素：3个主要沿海镇区旅游节点，在黄沙港、大丰港和弶港海滨度假区设置更密集的旅游和设施，旅游辐射半径约为15公里。4个强调自然的主要旅游节点，具备一定水平的住宿和商业设施，作为“海滨旅游村”。通过景观海堤公路链接所有旅游设施 将海堤景观公路作为西边农业保护区和东边自然保护湿地区之间的过渡。The overall tourism development pl
291、an as shown is based on the following elements:3 major Coastal Township Tourism Nodes for more intensive tourism and facilities at Huang She Harbour,Dafeng Harbour and Jianggang Seaside Resort with a tourism catchment radius of approximately 15 kilometres.4 major Nature-Based Tourism Nodes which wil
292、l act as more natural tourism nodes with some level of accommodation and commercial tourism facilities,acting as Coastal Tourism Villages.Linking all tourism facilities with a Scenic Coastal Road.Using the Coastal Scenic Road as a transition between western areas protected for Rural Conservation and
293、 all eastern areas for Nature Conservation Wetlands52盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park4.5 射阳旅游机遇 S H E YA N G T O U R I S M O P P O R T U N I T E SWithin Sheyang County a strong opportunity exists to develop a focal area of the Yancheng Wetland Eco-Park that focuses upon excellence in in
294、ternational research and interpretation of wetlands that is closely linked to the existing and planned infrastructure.ItemCommentAttractions Quality natural wetland area Most diversity of wetland habitats and wildlifeStrengths International recognition Red Crown Crane Good exposure in brochures and
295、songs Existing infrastructure Good access Great partnership opportunities in adjacent areas Nearby accommodationWeaknesses Seasonality of viewing some species Quality of facilities Poor marketing and product development Limited existing capacity of visitor facilities Inadequate parking and accessOpp
296、ortunities Relocate access road Development of supporting facilities and attractions in adjacent towns and citiesThreats Drainage of wetland areas Uncontrolled urban development in lands adjacent to the tourist nodes or along the approach routes Water pollutionOther Considerations Existing master pl
297、an for Red Crown Crane Reserve International and national agreements and area designationsCurrent Visitation Estimated at about 40,000 people per year Projected Visitation If the capacity of the access roads,car/coach parking,interpretation and viewing facilities is increased,then 200,000-to 300,000
298、 visitors within five years may be possible Anticipate the average length of stay will be about two hoursTarget Markets International and national birdwatchers Major regional cities such as Shanghai and Nanjing Educational groups(tertiary,secondary,primary)Local residents with relatives and friendsP
299、ossible Land Uses adjacent to Eco-Park Hotel and resort style accommodation Camping and cabin style accommodation Entertainment and amusement parksPossible Tourism Initiatives Integrate with development of seaside harbours and development areas to the north Develop low-key tourism eco-tourism opport
300、unities including eco-camping outside of protected areas Divert the coastal road around the Red Crown Crane Centre and use old road for internal facility access Link to other Eco-Park nodes by the Coastal Scenic Road在射阳县内，开发盐城湿地生态国家公园节点的最大的机遇在于借助其紧邻现有和规划基础设施的优质湿地资源，成为湿地国际研究和教育解说的焦点。项目意见吸引点 高品质的自然湿地资
301、源 多样化的湿地栖息地和野生动物优势 国际知名度 丹顶鹤 在旅游手册和歌曲中良好的形象 现有基础设施 良好的交通入口 与邻近区域巨大的合作机会 相邻的住宿设施弱点 一些物种观赏的季节性 设施的品质 市场推广和产品开发欠缺 现有游客设施有限的容量 停车场和入口不足机遇 入口道路移位 开发辅助设施和邻近城镇内的景点威胁 湿地区域的排水 旅游节点相邻用地和沿入口线路上的无控制性城市开发 水污染其他考虑 丹顶鹤保护区现有的总体规划 国际和国家协议和区域指定目前游客量 估计为40,000人/年 规划游客量 如果增加入口道路、停车场、教育解说和观景设施，在五年内有望达到游客200,000到 300,000
302、 预计平均逗留2小时目标市场 国际和国内观鸟爱好者 地区主要城市，如上海和南京 教育群体（小学，初中和高中）当地居民陪亲戚朋友与生态国家公园相邻的可能用地 酒店和度假村风格的住宿设施 露营帐篷和小木屋式的住宿设施 娱乐与消遣公园旅游主动性 与海港的开发和北部的开发区域构成整体 发展低强度旅游和生态旅游机会,包括保护区外的生态野营 丹顶鹤中心附近海堤公路移位,将老路作为内部设施的入口道路 与生态国家公园其他节点通过海堤景观道路相连盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家
303、公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report534.6 射阳旅游框 架 图 S H E YA N G T O U R I S M F R A M E W O R K P L A N54盐城湿地生态国家
304、公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park4.5.1 ACCOMMODATION AND RELATED ACTIVITIES Waterfront cabins Dormitory style accommodation Additional accommodation in existing village Resort style active recreation(swimming,tennis etc.)Conference and seminar facilities4.5.2 ATTRACTIONS AND COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIE
305、S Reed maze Aviary Restaurants/bars/tea houses/cafes(in development area and existing village)Arts/crafts/souvenirs Pagoda(existing)4.5.3 CULTURAL ACTIVITIES Events area space Interaction with existing village(arts/crafts,market)Music/theatre(outdoor and indoor)Environmental sculpture4.5.4 WATER ACT
306、IVITIES Scenic boat tours Canoes,kayaks,paddle boats Model boats Fishing4.5.5 NATURE INTERPRETATION AND CIRCULATION Wetlands education and research centre(with migratory bird focus).Virtual wetlands centre(technology based interpretation and entertainment)Interpretive trails Outdoor classrooms Cinem
307、a Bird hides Wetland viewing areas Nature trails Migratory bird web site with web cam and live tracking of migratory birds4.7 旅 游 活 动 和 节 目 T O U R I S M A C T I V I T I E S A N D P R O G R A M4.5.1 住宿和相关活动 滨水小屋 学生宿舍式住宿 现有村庄内的其他住宿 度假村风格的动态娱乐活动（游泳、网球等）会务设施4.5.2 景点和商业活动 芦苇迷宫 鸟舍 餐馆/酒吧/茶馆/咖啡馆（分布在开发区域和现有
308、村落内）艺术品/手工艺品/纪念品 塔（现存）4.5.3 文化活动 大型活动空间 与现有村庄的互动（艺术品/手工艺品、市场）音乐会/剧院（室内和室外）环境雕塑4.5.4 水上活动 水上观光 独木舟、皮艇、脚踏船 船模 垂钓4.5.5 自然解说和流线 湿地教育和研究中心（以候鸟为研究焦点）虚拟湿地中心（高科技解说与娱乐）解说小径 户外教室 电影院 观鸟亭 湿地观景区 自然小径 配备了网络摄像头和全天候跟踪候鸟的候鸟网站盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yanc
309、heng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report5556盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park渔村FISHING VILLAGE盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng
310、Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report57射 阳旅 游 活 动S
311、HEYANG TOURISM ACTIVITIES58盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park4.8 大丰旅游 机 遇 D A F E N G T O U R I S M O P P O R T U N I T E SItemCommentAttractions Milu deer Research/education centre Racecourse,scenic trains,video cinema,pagodaStrengths International recognition Images of Milu Deer already
312、 included in most tourist information Existing infrastructure(education centre,tracks,tower,viewing pens,people mover trail etc)Weaknesses Indirect road access and poor roads Age and condition of facilities Capacity of visitor areas is limited Inadequate waste water management Opportunities Develop
313、complementary adjoining facilities/attractions Improved east-west access road Relationship to the new Dafeng Port and town Presentation of other endangered Chinese speciesThreats Uncontrolled urban development in lands adjacent to the tourist node or along the approach routes Inappropriate adjacent
314、land uses Inappropriate development within the core visitor areas(a hotel is being built)Water pollutionOther Considerations Existing park management plan for Nature Reserve International and national agreements and area designationsCurrent Visitation Estimated at 180,000 visitors Mostly tour groups
315、 Spring and autumn main visitor season(40%of all visitors in spring,30%in autumn)Projected Visitation 500,000 to 600,000 visitors in five years possible if access improved,facilities upgraded and visitor capacity increasedTarget Markets Educational groups Regional tourism market from Shanghai and Na
316、njing Local residents with visiting friends and relativesPossible Land Uses adjacent to Eco-Park Hotel and resort style accommodation Camping and cabin style accommodation Entertainment and amusement parksPossible Tourism Initiatives Integrate with development of seaside harbours and development are
317、as to the north Focus rangeland minimal use areas north and east of main tourist node Improve access and links to coastal road Create a range of eco-tourism opportunities including resort and eco-camping west of the Milu Park,well beyond the wetlands Expand and upgrade of existing visitor facilities
318、项目意见吸引点 麋鹿 研究/教育中心 跑马场、科普培训、录像、塔优势 国际知名度 麋鹿的形象已经用在很多旅游信息上了 现有基础设施(教育中心、小径、塔、参观围栏、电瓶车等)弱点 入口道路不直接，路况较差 设施的年龄和条件 游客区域容量有限 污水管理不足 机遇 开发补充的相邻设施/景点 改善东西向入口道路 与新大丰港和镇的关系 其他中国濒危物种的出现威胁 旅游节点相邻用地和沿入口线路上的无控制性城市开发 不恰当的相邻用地性质 核心区游客区域的不恰当开发（已经建成了一家酒店）水污染其他考虑 自然保护区现有的公园管理计划 国际和国内协议和区域指定目前游客量 估计180,000 人 大多数是旅游团 春
319、秋季为旅游旺季（春节占全年游客的40，秋季30）规划游客量 如果入口道路改善，设施改建，游客接待容量增加，五年内游客有望达到500,000 到 600,000人目标市场 教育群体 上海和南京的地区性旅游市场 当地居民陪亲戚朋友与生态国家公园相邻的可能用地 酒店和度假村风格的住宿设施 露营帐篷和小木屋式的住宿设施 娱乐与消遣公园可能的旅游主动性 与海港的开发和北部的开发区域构成整体 聚焦在主要旅游节点以北和以东的最小限度使用区的放牧场 改善与海堤公路的入口和连接 创造一系列生态旅游机会，包括麋鹿园以西湿地恰当位置上的度假村和生态野营帐篷 现有游客设施的改扩建Within Dafeng Count
320、y there is an opportunity to promote special attractions based around wildlife and the Milu in particular and to highlight the natural ecology and evolution of the coastal region.This will require upgrading and rationalisation of the existing tourism facilities to a higher standard and level of orga
321、nization.On adjoining lands,west of the coastal road and protected areas,there is a good opportunity for future tourism accommodation.在大丰市内，可以利用野生动物和麋鹿吸引游客的机会，突出沿海地区的自然生态和演变。这样就要求对现有旅游设施进行改建和合理化改建，以达到更高的标准和组织水平。海堤公路和保护区以西的相邻土地可以开发成未来的旅游住宿设施用地。盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGT
322、AI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report594.9 大丰旅游框 架 图 DAFENG TO U R I S M FRAMEWO R K P L
323、 A N60盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park5.5.1 ACCOMMODATION AND RELATED ACTIVITIES Milu Village/Resort Hotel Condominiums Villas Dormitory style accommodation Resort style active recreation(swimming,tennis etc.).Camping5.5.2 ATTRACTIONS AND COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES Main Street restaurants,ba
324、rs,cafes,tea houses,arts/crafts/souvenirs Waterfront-restaurants,bars,cafes,tea houses Milu enclosed viewing areas/safari park5.5.3 CULTURAL ACTIVITIES Annual festival(Milu theme)Environmental sculpture Boat building Commercial fishing5.5.4 WATER ACTIVITIES Canoes/kayaks,paddle boats Electric boats
325、Fishing5.5.5 NATURE INTERPRETATION AND CIRCULATION Wetland/wildlife interpretation and research centre Deer release program including interpretation Cinema(existing)Outdoor classrooms Boardwalks Cycleways 4.10 旅游活 动 和 节 目 T O U R I S M A C T I V I T I E S A N D P R O G R A M5.5.1 住宿和相关活动 麋鹿村/度假村 酒店
326、公寓 别墅 学生宿舍式住宿 度假村风格的动态娱乐活动（游泳、网球等）野营5.5.2 景点和商业活动 主要街道餐馆、酒吧、咖啡馆、茶馆、艺术品/手工艺品/纪念品 水滨餐馆、酒吧、咖啡馆、茶馆 封闭的麋鹿参观区/麋鹿野生园5.5.3 文化活动 每年一度的节庆（麋鹿主题）环境雕塑 船型建筑 商业垂钓5.5.4 水上活动 独木舟/皮艇、脚踏船 电动船 垂钓5.5.5 自然解说和流线 湿地/野生动物解说和研究中心 放鹿活动，包括解说 电影院（现有）户外教室 木栈道 自行车道盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TO
327、URISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report6162盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park0304020501S
328、KETHCH MAP OF DONSHA ISLANDS 01 东沙岛 DONGSHA ISLAND 02 盐城湿地 YANCHENG COASTAL MARCHES 03 东台市 DONGTAI CITY 04 大丰市 DAFENG CITY 05 盐城市 YANCHENG CITY东沙岛东沙岛位于距盐城大约40公里处，游客们可以从大丰港或是梁垛河口的南入口处起程，乘船到达东沙岛，徒步穿过沙滩去参观贝类的动物和一些海洋生物。未来的观光计划包括：傍晚时分去欣赏落日 半天的旅游可以在船上享受午餐DONGSHA ISLANDThe Dongsha Islands are located appro
329、ximately 40 kilometers from the Yancheng coast.Tourist visits can leave from either Dafeng Harbor or south at Liangduo River Mouth.Visitors to the islands travel by boat and can walk across the shallow sand islands to see shellfish and marine life.Future tourism opportunities include:Dusk and night-
330、time tours to see the sunset Half-day tourist boats with catering for lunch盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO T
331、OURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report6364盐城湿地生态国家公园|Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park大 丰 旅 游 活 动DAFENG TOURISM ACTIVITIES盐城湿地生态国家公园Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park东台生态旅游区?DONGTAI ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区?MILU
332、ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区 RED CROWN CRANE ECO TOURISM AREA盐城湿地生态国家公园?Yancheng Wetland National Eco-Park总体规划报告|Master Plan Report65Dongtai County enjoys the strongest level of cultural expression and scenic landscapes.Accordingly,the opportunity should be t
333、aken to develop a focal area of the Yancheng Wetland Eco-Park that focuses upon healthy lifestyle,recreation and general well being.The area is best suited for the use and enjoyment of waterways and coastal areas for tourism developed with strong reference to local cultural tradition.相当而言,东台市拥有最丰富的文化背景和优美的自然风景。因此,应将其开发成盐城湿地生态公园节点中倡导健康生活方式、娱乐和优质生活品质的区域.这个区域是最适合开发河道和海滨区旅游的区域，同时体现当地强烈的地方文化。ItemCommen
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