1、岸墙land wall 坝顶dam crest，dam top 坝踵dam heel坝趾dam toe 板桩sheet pile 边墩side pier，land pier变形模量deformation modulus鼻坎bucket lip毕肖普法Bishop method冰压力ice pressure 剥离desquamation侧槽式溢洪道side channel Spillway 沉降settlement齿墙cut-off trench 冲沙闸（排沙闸）silt-releasing Sluice纯拱法independent arch method 刺墙key-wall大头坝massiv
2、e-head buttress dam *buttress是扶壁的意思 单宽流量discharge per unit width单曲拱坝single-curvature arch dam挡潮闸tidal sluice 导流隧洞river diversion tunnel倒悬度Overhang degree 底流消能energy dissipation by underflow地震作用earthquake action 垫座cushion abutment动水压力hydrodynamic pressure断层fault堆石坝rock-fill dam多拱梁法multi-arch beam met
3、hod阀门valve gate防浪墙wave wall防渗铺盖impervious blanket非常溢洪道emergency spillway分洪闸flood diversion sluice副坝auxiliary dam刚体极限平衡法limit equilibrium method for rigid block拱坝arch dam 拱冠梁crown cantilever拱冠粱法crown cantilever method 工作桥service bridge固结灌浆consolidation grouting 灌溉隧洞irrigation tunnel灌浆帷幕grout curtain
4、管涌piping 海漫apron extension横缝transverse joint 虹吸式溢洪道siphon spillway蝴蝶阀butterfly valve 护坡slope protection 护坦apron弧形闸门radial gate 滑雪道式溢洪道ski-jump spillway化学管涌chemical piping 混凝土防渗墙concrete cut-off wall混凝土面板堆石坝concrete faced rock-fill dam基本断面primary section 简化毕肖普法simplified Bishop method浆砌石拱坝stone mason
5、ry arch dam 交通桥traffic bridge接触冲刷contact scouring 接触灌浆contact grouting浆砌石重力坝stone masonry gravity dam 接缝灌浆joint grouting截水槽cut-off trench节 制闸check sluice 进水口water inlet进水闸inlet sluice 井式溢洪道shaft spillway静水压力hydrostatic pressure均质坝homogeneous earth dam抗滑稳定分析analysis of stability against sliding抗滑稳定性s
6、tability against sliding空腹重力坝hollow gravity dam空化cavitation空蚀cavitation erosion空注阀hollow jet valve宽缝重力坝slotted gravity dam宽尾墩flaring pier廊道gallery浪压力wave force理论计算theoretical computation拦河闸river sluice 沥青混凝土asphalt concrete连拱坝multiple-arch dam流土soil flow流网法flow net method锚杆anchor rod 面板face slab面流消能
7、energy dissipation by surface flow模型试验model experiment泥沙压力silt pressure碾压混凝土坝Roller Compacted Concrete Dam牛腿Corbel排沙隧洞silt-releasing tunnel排水drainage排水闸outlet sluice喷混凝土sprayed concrete平板坝flat slab buttress dam平面闸门plane gate破碎带crushed zone铺盖blanket 砌石护坡stone pitching 人工材料面板坝artificial material faced
8、 dam人工材料心墙坝artificial material-core dam溶洞solution cavern软基重力坝gravity dam on soft foundation软弱夹层soft intercalated layer 实用断面practical section试载法trial-load method 双曲拱坝double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunne水力发电隧洞hydropower tunnel 水利枢纽hydro-complex水力学方法hydra
9、ulics method 水平施工缝horizontal joint水闸sluice弹性模量elastic modulus挑流消能energy dissipation by trajectory jet土工膜geomembrane土石坝earth-rock dam土质斜墙坝earth dam with inclined soil wall土质斜心墙坝earth dam with inclined soil core土质心墙坝earth dam with soil core 帷幕灌浆curtain grouting温度荷载temperature load温度控制temperature contr
10、ol 温度应力temperature stress温度作用temperature action 无压隧洞free level tunnel消力池stilling pool消力戽roller bucket消能工energy dissipater泄洪隧洞spillway tunnel泄水建筑物discharge structure泄水孔outlet hole新奥法NATM（New Austrian Tunneling Method）胸墙breast wall 扬压力uplift溢洪道spillway水垫塘plunge pool溢流坝overflow dam、 翼墙wing wall 应力分析str
11、ess analysis优化设计optimization design 有限单元法finite element method有压隧洞pressure tunnel 闸墩pier闸门gate 闸门槽gate slot 正槽式溢洪道normal channel spillway整体式重力坝monolithic gravity dam趾板toe slab 支墩坝buttress dam 重力坝gravity dam重力墩gravity abutment 周边缝peripheral joint 驻波standing wave锥形阀cone valve自由跌流free drop自重dead weight
12、纵缝longitudinal joint键槽key strench伸缩缝contraction joint施工缝construction joint反弧段flip bucket拦污栅trash rack渐变段transition泄槽chute发电进水口power intake通气管air vent 检修门bulkhead gate 事故门emergency gate工作门service gate 堰weir通气管air vent 胸墙breast wall梁beam柱column 回填混凝土backfill concrete 接地earth一期混凝土primary concrete 二期混凝土
13、secondary concrete叠梁门stoplog 门机gantry crane 止水 waterstop 钢筋reinforcement模板formwork围堰cofferdam马道bench；berm蜗壳volute 水轮机turbine 电站power house车间workshop 发电机generator 变电站transformer station副厂房auxiliary power house 安装间erection bay 尾水闸门tail lock 尾水渠tailrace 引水渠approach channel前池fore bay 导墙lead wall 隔墙parti
14、tion wall 接触灌浆contact grouting回填混凝土backfill concrete 帷幕灌浆curtain grouting挡墙retaining wall港口harbour港口建筑物port structure船闸navigation lock 船闸充水和泄水系统 locking filling and emptying system船闸充水lock filling船闸前池upper pool船闸上下游水位差lock lift船闸闸首lock head 升船机ship elevator；ship lift 鱼道fish canal旁通管by-pass 齿槽cut-off wall
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